Kitching Ridge (Fremouw Fm.): Early/Lower Triassic, Antarctica
collected by J. W. Kitching, T. Rich, J. Ruben 1970-1971
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia
- Procolophonidae
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Procolophon trigoniceps
Owen 1876
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7 specimens | |||||||||
AMNH 9501, 9506, 9508-12 | ||||||||||
Reptilia
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Fremouwsaurus geludens n. gen., n. sp.
Gow 1992
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Gow 1992 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
synonym of Palacrodon browni | ||||||||||
BP/1/5296, partial skull and lower jaw | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Prolacertidae
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Prolacerta broomi
Parrington 1935
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Colbert 1987 | 6 specimens | ||||||||
AMNH 9513, 9535, 9564, 9568, 9573, 9502 | ||||||||||
Therocephalia
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Eutherocephalia indet.
Hopson and Barghusen 1986
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Huttenlocker and Sidor 2012 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
AMNH FARB 9550, originally referred to Ericiolacerta parva by Colbert & Kitching (1981) | ||||||||||
Therocephalia
- Ericiolacertidae
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Ericiolacerta parva
Watson 1931
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Colbert and Kitching 1981 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
AMNH 9542 | ||||||||||
= cf. Ericiolacerta parva
Watson 1931
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Huttenlocker and Sidor 2012 | |||||||||
Therocephalia
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Pedaeosaurus parvus
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Colbert and Kitching 1981 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Baurioidea | ||||||||||
AMNH 9548 | ||||||||||
Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
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Cryobatrachus kitchingi n. gen., n. sp.
Colbert and Cosgriff 1974
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Colbert and Cosgriff 1974 | 3 specimens | ||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Stereospondyli | ||||||||||
AMNH 9503 (holotype), skull lacking palate and braincase. AMNH 9537, 9540 | ||||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | Antarctica |
Coordinates: | 85.2° South, 177.0° West (view map) |
Paleocoordinates: | 81.6° South, 69.5° East |
Basis of coordinate: | stated in text |
Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
Period: | Triassic | Epoch: | Early/Lower Triassic |
10 m.y. bin: | Triassic 1 | ||
Key time interval: | Early/Lower Triassic | ||
Age range of interval: | 252.17000 - 247.20000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Geological group: | Beacon | Formation: | Fremouw | Member: | Lower |
Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
Stratigraphy comments: "lower portion of the Fremouw Formation, of Early Triassic age" (Colbert & Kitching, 1975);
"The lowest vertebrate horizon is 13 m above the base. The Permian-Triassic boundary lies at the base or within the lower 13 m of the Fremouw Formation. [...] In the 1970 field season, [...] specimens were collected at 6 levels on bedding-plane surfaces, but exact stratigraphic position of each fossil was not recorded." (Collinson et al., 2006, GSA Bull. 118(5/6) p. 755; see also figs. 4 and 6 in that reference) |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | medium sandstone | ||
Secondary lithology: | gray,green mudstone | ||
Lithology description: "A fining-upward cycle of 8 m of medium-grained sandstone followed by 5 m of greengray fine-grained strata." (Collinson et al., 2006, GSA Bull. 118(5/6) p.755) | |||
Environment: | fluvial indet. | Tectonic setting: | foreland basin |
Geology comments: "Late Permian and Triassic rocks in the central Transantarctic Mountains were deposited in a retroarc foreland basin (Dalziel and Elliot, 1982; Collinson, 1990, 1991; Isbell, 1991; Collinson et al., 1994)." (Collinson et al., 2006 p. 749); "The entire Upper Permian and Lower to Middle Triassic fluvial sequence in the central Transantarctic Mountains was deposited by low-sinuosity braided streams (Barrett et al., 1986)." (Collinson et al., 2006 p. 757) |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body,mold/impression |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Preservation of anatomical detail: | variable |
Articulated whole bodies: | none |
Associated major elements: | some |
Disassociated major elements: | some |
Temporal resolution: | snapshot |
Spatial resolution: | parautochthonous |
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods: | surface (in situ),field collection | ||
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis | ||
Museum repositories: | AMNH,BPI | ||
Collectors: | J. W. Kitching, T. Rich, J. Ruben | Collection dates: | austral summer 1970-1971 |
Collection method comments: "All specimens were collected by J. W. Kitching, except AMNH 9509, collected by Thomas Rich, and AMNH 9510, collected by John Ruben." (Colbert & Kitching, 1975) |
Metadata
Also known as: | Cumulus Hills | ||
Database number: | 87410 | ||
Authorizer: | J. Mueller, R. Butler, C. Sidor | Enterer: | T. Liebrecht, R. Butler, C. Sidor |
Modifier: | C. Sidor | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 2009-03-17 07:30:52 | Last modified: | 2013-09-04 16:05:56 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 2009-03-17 07:30:52 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
29423. | E. H. Colbert and J. W. Kitching. 1975. The Triassic Reptile Procolophon in Antarctica. American Museum Novitates 2566:1-23 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht] |
Secondary references:
35275 | E. H. Colbert. 1987. The Triassic reptile Prolacerta in Antarctica. American Museum Novitates 2882:1-19 [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
43611 | E. H. Colbert and J. W. Cosgriff. 1974. Labyrinthodont amphibians from Antarctica. American Museum Novitates 2552:1-30 [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
48077 | E. H. Colbert and J. W. Kitching. 1981. Scaloposaurian reptiles from the Triassic of Antarctica. American Museum Novitates 2709:1-30 [C. Sidor/C. Sidor] | |
32307 | C. Gow. 1992. An enigmatic new reptile from the Lower Triassic Fremouw Formation of Antarctica. Palaeontologia africana 29:21-23 [R. Butler/R. Butler] | |
48075 | A. K. Huttenlocker and C. A. Sidor. 2012. Taxonomic revision of therocephalians (Therapsida: Theriodontia) from the Lower Triassic of Antarctica. American Museum Novitates 3738:1-19 [C. Sidor/C. Sidor] |