Sandia Cave Unit X (Haynes Collection): Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene, New Mexico
collected by C. V. Haynes 1961

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae
Marmota sp. Frisch 1775
Citellus sp. Oken 1816
synonym of Spermophilus
Mammalia - Rodentia - Geomyidae
Geomys sp. Rafinesque 1817
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Neotoma sp. Say and Ord 1825
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Lepus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Sylvilagus sp. Gray 1867
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Mustelidae indet. Fischer 1817
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:New Mexico County:Sandoval
Coordinates: 35.3° North, 106.4° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:35.3° North, 106.4° West
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Quaternary
Key time interval:Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene
Age range of interval:0.12600 - 0.00000 m.y. ago
Age estimate:13700 ± 400 to 1890 ± 90 YBP (14C)
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: this unit was thought by Hibben to include "Sandia" (pre-Folsom) artifacts, to be entirely "Late Pleistocene," and to underlie and predate units F and H, but according to Haynes and Agogino 1986 it consists of material reworked "by rodent activity" from units F, H, and J and the "Sandia" artifacts are actually of Folsom age; there are nine 14C dates ranging from "1890+/-90" years B.P. on a "charcoal lump" to "13,700+/-400" on "large animal bone," but the youngest of six dates on bone is "8,520+/-300," so it is possible that none of the fossils are younger than Early Holocene
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:shelly/skeletal,brown unlithified conglomeratic siltstone
Lithology description: "Loose debris... yellowish brown, dust with rodent dung, artifacts, teeth, and fragments of rock, bone, twigs, pinon nuts, and acorns in tunnels in, on, and under ochre and limestone residuum" (Haynes and Agogino 1986)
Environment:cave
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,midden
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Temporal resolution:time-averaged
Spatial resolution:autochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:selective quarrying,field collection
Reason for describing collection:archaeological analysis
Collectors:C. V. Haynes Collection dates:1961
Taxonomic list comments:species names are not given, but the material might not have been specifically determinate
Metadata
Also known as:Sandia Layer
Database number:93378
Authorizer:J. Alroy Enterer:J. Alroy
Modifier:J. Alroy Research group:vertebrate
Created:2010-01-16 10:22:31 Last modified:2010-01-16 13:33:07
Access level:the public Released:2010-01-16 10:22:31
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

31597. F. C. Hibben. 1941. Evidences of early occupation in Sandia Cave, New Mexico, and other sites in the Sandia-Manzano region. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 99(23):1-44 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]