Quarry I (Jebel Qatrani Formation): Rupelian, Egypt
collected 1962, 1989

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia - Varanidae
Varanidae indet. Hardwicke and Gray 1824
Smith et al. 2008 1 specimen
YPM 57012, nearly complete posterior presacral vertebra
Varanus sp. Merrem 1820
Holmes et al. 2010
Reptilia - Ciconiiformes - Xenerodiopidae
Xenerodiops mycter Rasmussen et al. 1987
Rasmussen et al. 1987 1 specimen
Reptilia - Phoenicopteriformes - Palaelodidae
aff. Palaelodus sp. Milne-Edwards 1863
Rasmussen et al. 1987 1 specimen
Reptilia - Strigiformes
cf. Selenornithinae indet. Mourer-Chaviré 1987
Smith et al. 2020 1 specimen
DPC 24780
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Gruidae
Gruidae indet. Vigors 1825
Rasmussen et al. 1987 1 specimen
Mammalia
Qatranilestes oligocaenus n. gen., n. sp. Seiffert 2010
Seiffert 2010
YPM 24203 - holotype
Mammalia - Hyracoidea - Titanohyracidae
Titanohyrax angustidens n. sp. Rasmussen and Simons 1988
Rasmussen and Simons 1988
originally entered as "Titanohyrax augustidens"
Mammalia - Hyracoidea - Pliohyracidae
Pachyhyrax crassidentatus Schlosser 1910
Rasmussen and Simons 1988
Megalohyrax eocaenus Andrews 1903
Thewissen and Simons 2001
Thyrohyrax domorictus Meyer 1973
Meyer 1973
YPM and CGM specimens; the most common hyracoid of the upper sequence, especially at Quarries I and M
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Philisidae
Philisis sphingis n. gen., n. sp. Sigé 1985
Gunnell et al. 2008
Mammalia - Primates - Parapithecidae
Apidium phiomense Osborn 1908
Parapithecidae indet. Schlosser 1911
Ankel-Simons 1993
(1 measurement)
    = Parapithecus grangeri n. sp. Simons 1974
Simons 2001
recombined as Simonsius grangeri
Mammalia - Primates - Propliopithecidae
Aeolopithecus chirobates n. gen., n. sp. Simons 1965
recombined as Propliopithecus chirobates
Aegyptopithecus zeuxis n. gen., n. sp. Simons 1965
Mammalia - Primates - Lorisidae
Lorisidae indet. (Gray 1821)
Simons et al. 1986
Mammalia - Rodentia - Gaudeamuridae
Gaudeamus aegyptius n. gen., n. sp. Wood 1968
Wood 1968
Mammalia - Rodentia - Thryonomyidae
Phiomys aff. paraphiomyoides Wood 1968
Wood 1968
recombined as Neophiomys paraphiomyoides
Mammalia - Rodentia
Paraphiomys simonsi n. sp. Wood 1968
Wood 1968
recombined as Monamys simonsi
CGM 26908 - type
Metaphiomys beadnelli n. gen., n. sp. Osborn 1908
Osborn 1908
AMNH 13273 - holotype
Mammalia - Rodentia - Myophiomyidae
Phiocricetomys minutus n. gen., n. sp.
Wood 1968
Mammalia - Creodonta
Pterodontinae informal sp. A Polly 1996
Holroyd 1999
synonym of Hyainailourinae
DPC 6555
Mammalia - Anthracotheriidae
Bothriogenys fraasi (Schmidt 1913)
Sallam et al. 2016
DPC 6207, 7730, 10677, 11416, 13562, 13570 and 16633
Mammalia - Ptolemaiida - Ptolemaiidae
Cleopatrodon robusta n. sp. Bown and Simons 1987
Bown and Simons 1987
see common names

Geography
Country:Egypt State/province:Fayum
Coordinates: 29.5° North, 30.6° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:26.1° North, 27.3° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Oligocene
Stage:Rupelian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 4
*Period:Tertiary *Epoch:Early/Lower Oligocene
*International age/stage:Rupelian - Rupelian
Key time interval:Rupelian
Age range of interval:33.90000 - 27.82000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Jebel Qatrani
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: Quarry I is in the "upper sequence" (there are two general fossil producing levels in the Jebel Qatrani, the "upper" and the "lower" sequences).
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: sandstone
Secondary lithology: mudstone
Environment:fluvial indet. Tectonic setting:passive margin
Geology comments: "..Jebel Qatrani Formation..comprises predominantly fluvial sandstones and mudstones deposited as point bars and overbank deposits"
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:medium
Disassociated major elements:all
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some genera
Collection methods:selective quarrying,field collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collection dates:1962, 1989
Collection method comments: discovered in 1962 by a Yale expedition
Metadata
Also known as:Fayum "upper sequence"; Yale Quarry I
Database number:12954
Authorizer:J. Alroy, P. Holroyd, J. Head, P. Coster, K. Beard, P. Barrett, M. Uhen, P. Mannion Enterer:R. Whatley, P. Coster, J. Alroy, P. Holroyd, K. Beard, M. Uhen, G. Varnham, J. Wertheim, P. Mannion, T. Cleary
Modifier:P. Mannion Research group:vertebrate
Created:2002-01-12 12:57:22 Last modified:2020-01-09 11:34:08
Access level:the public Released:2002-01-12 12:57:22
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
24335. E. L. Simons. 1965. New fossil apes from Egypt and the initial differentiation of Hominoidea. Nature 205:135-139 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]

Secondary references:

79345% 10660F. Ankel-Simons. 1993. Description and evaluation of five primate sacra from the Oligocene of Egypt. Geological Survey of Egypt,1995, Special Publication; Thirty years of international cooperation on the geology of Egypt and related sciences 69:115-134 [J. Alroy/J. Wertheim/M. Uhen]
52750 T. M. Bown and E. L. Simons. 1987. New Oligocene Ptolemaiidae (Mammalia: Pantolesta) from the Jebel Qatrani Formation, Fayum Depression, Egypt. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 7(3):311-324 [K. Beard/K. Beard]
24329 G. C. Conroy. 1976. Hallucial tarsometatarsal joint in an Oligocene anthropoid Aegyptopithecus zeuxis. Nature 262:684-686 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
47472 P. Coster, M. Benammi, M. Mahboubi, R. Tabuce, M. Adaci, L. Marivaux, M. Bensalah, S. Mahoubi, A. Mhboubi, F. Mebrouk, C. Mameri and J.-J. Jaeger. 2012. Chronology of the Eocene continental deposits of Africa: Magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the El Kohol and Glib Zegdou Formations, Algeria. GSA Bulletin 124(9/10):1590-1606 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
24327 J. G. Fleagle and E. L. Simons. 1983. The tibio-fibular articulation in Apidium phiomense, an Oligocene anthropoid. Nature 301:238-239 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
28499 G. F. Gunnell, E. L. Simons, and E. R. Seiffert. 2008. New bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from the late Eocene and early Oligocene, Fayum Depression, Egypt. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(1):1-11 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
83105 R. B. Holmes, A. M. Murray, Y. S. Attia, E. L. Simons, and P. Chatrath. 2010. Oldest known Varanus (Squamata: Varanidae) from the upper Eocene and lower Oligocene of Egypt: support for an African origin of the genus. Palaeontology 53(5):1099-1110 [J. Head/G. Varnham]
17283 P. A. Holroyd. 1999. New Pterodontinae (Creodonta: Hyaenodontidae) from the late Eocene-early Oligocene Jebel Qatrani Formation, Fayum province, Egypt. PaleoBios 19(2):1-18 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd/P. Mannion]
59770 G. E. Meyer. 1973. A new Oligocene hyrax from the Jebel el Quatrani Formation, Fayum, Egypt. Postilla 163:1-11 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
59618 H. F. Osborn. 1908. New fossil mammals from the Fayûm Oligocene, Egypt. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 24(16):265-272 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
38655 D. T. Rasmussen, S. L. Olson, and E. L. Simons. 1987. Fossil Birds from the Oligocene Jebel Qatrani Formation, Fayum Province, Egypt. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 62:1-20 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
42925% 22640D. T. Rasmussen and E. L. Simons. 1988. New Oligocene hyracoids from Egypt. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 8(1):67-83 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/P. Mannion]
71449 H. M. Sallam and E. R. Seiffert. 2019. Revision of Oligocene ‘Paraphiomys’ and an origin for crown Thryonomyoidea (Rodentia: Hystricognathi: Phiomorpha) near the Oligocene–Miocene boundary in Africa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
60816 H. M. Sallam, A. H. Sileem, E. R. Miller and G. F. Gunnell. 2016. Deciduous dentition and dental eruption sequence of Bothriogenys fraasi (Anthracotheriidae, Artiodactyla) from the Fayum Depression, Egypt. Palaeontologia Electronica 19(3):38A:1-20 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
59615 E. R. Seiffert. 2010. The oldest and youngest records of afrosoricid placentals from the Fayum Depression of northern Egypt. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 55(4):599-616 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
29577 E. L. Simons. 2001. The cranium of Parapithecus grangeri, an Egyptian Oligocene anthropoidean primate. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 98:7892-7897 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
29622 E. L. Simons, T. M. Bown, and D. T. Rasmussen. 1986. Discovery of two additional prosimian primate families (Omomyidae, Lorisidae) in the African Oligocene. Journal of Human Evolution 15(6):431-437 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
60301 K. T. Smith, B.-A. S. Bhullar, and P. A. Holroyd. 2008. Earliest African record of the Varanus stem-clade (Squamata: Varanidae) from the early Oligocene of Egypt. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(3):909-913 [P. Barrett/T. Cleary]
72237 N. A. Smith, T. A. Stidham, and J. S. Mitchell. 2020. The First Fossil Owl (Aves, Strigiformes) From the Paleogene of Africa. Diversity 12:163:1-12 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd/P. Mannion]
29522 J. G. M. Thewissen and E. L. Simons. 2001. Skull of Megalohyrax eocaenus (Hyracoidea, Mammalia) from the Oligocene of Egypt. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21(1):98-106 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
52900 A. E. Wood. 1968. Early cenozoic mammalian faunas, Fayum Province, Egypt. 2, The African oligocene Rodentia. Peabody Museum of Natural History Bulletin 28:23-105 [P. Coster/P. Coster/M. Clapham]