Quarry M (Jebel Qatrani Formation): Rupelian, Egypt
collected 1966, 1967, 2004
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia
- Primates
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Primates indet.
Linnaeus 1758
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Ankel-Simons 1993 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Primates
- Propliopithecidae
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Aegyptopithecus zeuxis
Simons 1965
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Fleagle et al. 1975 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Primates
- Afrotarsiidae
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Afrotarsius chatrathi n. gen., n. sp.
Simons and Bown 1985
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Mammalia
- Primates
- Oligopithecidae
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Oligopithecidae indet.
(Simons 1989)
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Seiffert and Simons 2013 | |||||||||
DPC 23256 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Primates
- Parapithecidae
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Qatrania fleaglei n. sp.
Simons and Kay 1988
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Simons and Kay 1988 | |||||||||
Apidium phiomense
Osborn 1908
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Ankel-Simons 1993 | |||||||||
Parapithecus grangeri
Simons 1974
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Simons 2001 | |||||||||
recombined as Simonsius grangeri | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
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Monamys simonsi
(Wood 1968)
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Sallam and Seiffert 2019 | |||||||||
DPC 3413, 4100, 4232, 6074, 6362, 8233, 8628, 11166 and 23222 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Creodonta
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Pterodon syrtos
Holroyd 1999
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Holroyd 1999 | |||||||||
Pterodontinae informal sp. A.
Polly 1996
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Holroyd 1999 | |||||||||
synonym of Hyainailourinae | ||||||||||
DPC 8345 | ||||||||||
Apterodon macrognathus
(Andrews 1904)
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Borths and Stevens 2017 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Pholidota
- Manidae
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Manidae indet.
Gray 1821
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Gebo and Rasmussen 1985 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Anthracotheriidae
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Bothriogenys fraasi
(Schmidt 1913)
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Sallam et al. 2016 | |||||||||
DPC 2705, 3606, 3947, 7706, 8638, 11280, 11407 and 20950 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Hyracoidea
- Pliohyracidae
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Pachyhyrax crassidentatus
Schlosser 1910
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Rasmussen and Simons 1988 | |||||||||
Megalohyrax eocaenus
Andrews 1903
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Rasmussen et al. 1990 | |||||||||
Thyrohyrax domorictus n. gen., n. sp.
Meyer 1973
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Meyer 1973 | |||||||||
CGM 40001 - holotype; the most common hyracoid of the upper sequence, especially at Quarries M and I | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Macroscelidea
- Macroscelididae
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Metoldobotes cf. stromeri
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Simons et al. 1991 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Sirenia
- Dugongidae
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Halitheriinae indet.
(Gill 1872)
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Fleagle et al. 1986 | |||||||||
between Eotheroides libycum and Halitherium schinzii | ||||||||||
Mammalia
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Didelphidae indet.
Gray 1821
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Bown and Simons 1984 | |||||||||
compared to Peratherium cuvieri and P. elegans | ||||||||||
= Herpetotheriinae indet.
Trouessart 1879
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Alroy 2007 | |||||||||
= Peratherium africanum n. sp.
Simons and Bown 1984
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Hooker et al. 2008 | |||||||||
original and current combination Peratherium africanus | ||||||||||
CGM 40236 - type; paratypes: CGM 40237 and DPC 3120; referred specimens: DPC 3820, 8201 and 16946 | ||||||||||
Peratherium africanus n. sp.
Simons and Bown 1984
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Simons and Bown 1984 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Varanidae
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Varanus sp.
Merrem 1820
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Holmes et al. 2010 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Accipitriformes
- Pandionidae
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aff. Pandion sp.
Savigny 1809
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Rasmussen et al. 1987 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Charadriiformes
- Jacanidae
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Janipes nymphaeobates n. gen., n. sp.
Rasmussen et al. 1987
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Rasmussen et al. 1987 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
Nupharanassa bulotorum n. gen., n. sp.
Rasmussen et al. 1987
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Rasmussen et al. 1987 | 3 specimens | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Ciconiiformes
- Xenerodiopidae
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Xenerodiops mycter n. gen., n. sp.
Rasmussen et al. 1987
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Rasmussen et al. 1987 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Ciconiiformes
- Ciconiidae
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? Palaeoephippiorhynchus dietrichi
Lambrecht 1930
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Rasmussen et al. 1987 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Balaenicipitiformes
- Balaenicipitidae
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Goliathia andrewsi
Lambrecht 1930
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Rasmussen et al. 1987 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Suliformes
- Phalacrocoracidae
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Phalacrocoracidae indet.
Reichenbach 1850
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Rasmussen et al. 1987 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Pelecaniformes
- Ardeidae
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Nycticorax sp.
Forster 1817
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Rasmussen et al. 1987 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Phoenicopteriformes
- Palaelodidae
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aff. Palaelodus sp.
Milne-Edwards 1863
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Rasmussen et al. 1987 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
Reptilia
- Cuculiformes
- Musophagidae
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aff. Crinifer sp.
Jarocki 1821
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Rasmussen et al. 1987 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Gruiformes
- Rallidae
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Rallidae indet.
Vigors 1825
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Rasmussen et al. 1987 | |||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | Egypt | State/province: | Fayum |
Coordinates: | 29.5° North, 30.6° East (view map) | ||
Paleocoordinates: | 26.1° North, 27.3° East | ||
Basis of coordinate: | based on nearby landmark | ||
Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
Period: | Paleogene | Epoch: | Oligocene |
Stage: | Rupelian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 4 |
*Period: | Tertiary | *Epoch: | Early/Lower Oligocene |
*International age/stage: | Rupelian - Rupelian | ||
Key time interval: | Rupelian | ||
Age range of interval: | 33.90000 - 27.82000 m.y. ago | ||
* legacy (obsolete) database fields |
Stratigraphy
Formation: | Jebel Qatrani | ||||
Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
Stratigraphy comments: Quarry M is about "250 m above the base" of the formation (Simons et al. 2007) and in the "upper sequence" = Upper Fossil Wood Zone (there are two general fossil producing levels in the Jebel Qatrani, the "upper" and the "lower" sequences) |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | poorly lithified sandstone | ||
Lithology description: at least one Aegyptopithecus specimen was filled with "sandstone matrix" (Simons et al. 2007) | |||
Environment: | fluvial indet. | Tectonic setting: | passive margin |
Geology comments: "Jebel Qatrani Formation..comprises predominantly fluvial sandstones and mudstones deposited as point bars and overbank deposits" |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Preservation of anatomical detail: | medium |
Disassociated major elements: | all |
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes: | some genera |
Collection methods: | selective quarrying,field collection |
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
Museum repositories: | YPM | Collection dates: | 1966, 1967, 2004 |
Collection method comments: YPM and Egyptian Geological Museum (CGM) collections
collectors include G. E. Meyer (1960s) and R. Patnaik (2004) |
Metadata
Also known as: | Fayum "upper sequence" | ||
Database number: | 12960 | ||
Authorizer: | J. Alroy, P. Mannion, J. Head, K. Beard, P. Holroyd, M. Uhen | Enterer: | R. Whatley, J. Wertheim, G. Varnham, J. Alroy, K. Beard, P. Mannion, M. Uhen, P. Holroyd |
Modifier: | M. Uhen | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 2002-01-12 13:22:08 | Last modified: | 2013-07-03 15:59:22 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 2002-01-12 13:22:08 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
24324. | E. L. Simons and T. M. Bown. 1985. Afrotarsius chatrathi, first tarsiiform primate (? Tarsiidae) from Africa. Nature 313:475-477 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |
Secondary references:
19636 | J. Alroy. 2007. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil vertebrates and so forth. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
7934 | 5% 10660 | F. Ankel-Simons. 1993. Description and evaluation of five primate sacra from the Oligocene of Egypt. Geological Survey of Egypt,1995, Special Publication; Thirty years of international cooperation on the geology of Egypt and related sciences 69:115-134 [J. Alroy/J. Wertheim/M. Uhen] |
64064 | M. R. Borths and N. J. Stevens. 2017. Deciduous dentition and dental eruption of Hyainailouroidea (Hyaenodonta, “Creodonta,” Placentalia, Mammalia). Palaeontologia Electronica 20.3.55A [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd] | |
24325 | T. M. Bown and E. L. Simons. 1984. First record of marsupials (Metatheria; Polyprotodonta) from the Oligocene in Africa. Nature 308:447-449 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
47472 | P. Coster, M. Benammi, M. Mahboubi, R. Tabuce, M. Adaci, L. Marivaux, M. Bensalah, S. Mahoubi, A. Mhboubi, F. Mebrouk, C. Mameri and J.-J. Jaeger. 2012. Chronology of the Eocene continental deposits of Africa: Magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the El Kohol and Glib Zegdou Formations, Algeria. GSA Bulletin 124(9/10):1590-1606 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
18782 | J. G. Fleagle, T. M. Bown, J. D. Obradovich and E. L. Simons. 1986. How old are the Fayum primates?. Primate Evolution 1-17 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
35965 | J. G. Fleagle, E. L. Simons, and G. C. Conroy. 1975. Ape limb bone from the Oligocene of Egypt. Science 189:135-137 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
35963 | D. L. Gebo and D. T. Rasmussen. 1985. The earliest fossil pangolin (Pholidota: Manidae) from Africa. Journal of Mammalogy 66(3):538-541 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
83105 | R. B. Holmes, A. M. Murray, Y. S. Attia, E. L. Simons, and P. Chatrath. 2010. Oldest known Varanus (Squamata: Varanidae) from the upper Eocene and lower Oligocene of Egypt: support for an African origin of the genus. Palaeontology 53(5):1099-1110 [J. Head/G. Varnham] | |
17283 | P. A. Holroyd. 1999. New Pterodontinae (Creodonta: Hyaenodontidae) from the late Eocene-early Oligocene Jebel Qatrani Formation, Fayum province, Egypt. PaleoBios 19(2):1-18 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd/P. Mannion] | |
59842 | J. J. Hooker, M. R. Sánchez-Villagra, F. J. Goin, E. L. Simons, Y. Attia and E. R. Seiffert. 2008. The origin of Afro-Arabian 'didelphimorph' marsupials. Palaeontology 51(3):635-648 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] | |
59770 | G. E. Meyer. 1973. A new Oligocene hyrax from the Jebel el Quatrani Formation, Fayum, Egypt. Postilla 163:1-11 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] | |
29523 | D. T. Rasmussen, M. Gagnon, and E. L. Simons. 1990. Taxeopody in the carpus and tarsus of Oligocene Pliohyracidae (Mammalia: Hyracoidea) and the phyletic position of Hyraxes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 87(12):4688-4691 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
38655 | D. T. Rasmussen, S. L. Olson, and E. L. Simons. 1987. Fossil Birds from the Oligocene Jebel Qatrani Formation, Fayum Province, Egypt. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 62:1-20 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
4292 | 5% 22640 | D. T. Rasmussen and E. L. Simons. 1988. New Oligocene hyracoids from Egypt. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 8(1):67-83 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/P. Mannion] |
71449 | H. M. Sallam and E. R. Seiffert. 2019. Revision of Oligocene ‘Paraphiomys’ and an origin for crown Thryonomyoidea (Rodentia: Hystricognathi: Phiomorpha) near the Oligocene–Miocene boundary in Africa. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] | |
60816 | H. M. Sallam, A. H. Sileem, E. R. Miller and G. F. Gunnell. 2016. Deciduous dentition and dental eruption sequence of Bothriogenys fraasi (Anthracotheriidae, Artiodactyla) from the Fayum Depression, Egypt. Palaeontologia Electronica 19(3):38A:1-20 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] | |
59537 | E. R. Seiffert and E. L. Simons. 2013. Last of the oligopithecids? A dwarf species from the youngest primate-bearing level of the Jebel Qatrani Formation, northern Egypt. Journal of Human Evolution 64:211-215 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] | |
29577 | E. L. Simons. 2001. The cranium of Parapithecus grangeri, an Egyptian Oligocene anthropoidean primate. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 98:7892-7897 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
64711 | E. L. Simons and T. M. Bown. 1984. A New Species of Peratherium (Didelphidae; Polyprotodonta): The First African Marsupial. Journal of Mammalogy 65(4):539-548 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
17281 | E. L. Simons, P. A. Holroyd, and T. M. Bown. 1991. Early Tertiary elephant-shrews from Egypt and the origin of the Macroscelidea. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 88:9734-9737 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd] | |
32566 | E. L. Simons and R. F. Kay. 1988. New material of Qatrania from Egypt with comments on the phylogenetic position of the Parapithecidae (Primates, Anthropoidea). American Journal of Primatology 15:337-347 [K. Beard/K. Beard] | |
35964 | E. L. Simons, E. R. Seiffert, T. M. Ryan and Y. Attia. 2007. A remarkable female cranium of the early Oligocene anthropoid Aegyptopithecus zeuxis (Catarrhini, Propliopithecidae). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104:8731-8736 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |