Eucalyptocrinites-Crotalocrinites-Caryocrinites Association of the Racine Format: Wenlock, Wisconsin

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Hineacrinus cf. angusta
Stromotoporoidea indet.
Chlorophyceae - Receptaculitidae
Ischadites sp. Eichwald 1861
Anthozoa - Stauriida - Hapsiphyllidae
Neozaphrentis racinensis
Anthozoa - Stauriida - Zaphrentidae
Zaphrentidae indet. Milne-Edwards and Haime 1850
Anthozoa - Cystiphyllida - Cystiphyllidae
Cystiphyllum niagarense
Anthozoa - Heliolitida - Halysitidae
Halysites sp. von Waldheim 1813
Anthozoa - Heliolitida - Heliolitidae
Heliolites sp. Dana 1846
Anthozoa - Favositida - Favositidae
Favosites sp. Lamarck 1816
Anthozoa - Favositida - Alveolitidae
Alveolites sp. Lamarck 1801
Cephalopoda
Nautiloidea indet. Agassiz 1847
Gastropoda - Murchisoniina - Trochonematidae
? Trochonema sp. Salter 1859
Gastropoda - Euomphalina - Platyceratidae
Platyceras sp. Conrad 1840
Bivalvia - Cyrtodontida - Cyrtodontidae
Cyrtodonta sp. Billings 1858
Bivalvia - Myalinida - Ambonychiidae
Plethomytilus sp. Hall 1884
synonym of Mytilarca
Bivalvia - Ostreida - Pterineidae
Leptodesma sp. Hall 1883
Strophomenata - Orthotetida - Chilidiopsidae
Coolinia sp. Bancroft 1949
spelled with current rank as Fardenia (Coolinia)
Strophomenata - Strophomenida - Sowerbyellidae
Eoplectodonta sp. Kozlowski 1929
Strophomenata - Strophomenida - Strophodontidae
Protomegastrophia profunda (Hall 1852)
recombined as Brachyprion (Protomegastrophia) profunda
Strophomenata - Strophomenida - Rafinesquinidae
Leptaena rhomboidalis (Wahlenberg 1818)
recombined as Leptaena (Leptaena) rhomboidalis
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Rhynchotrematidae
aff. Stegerhynchus sp. (Foerste 1909)
original and current combination Rhynchonella (Stegerhynchus)
Rhynchonellid aff. Stegerhynchus
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Trigonirhynchiidae
Rhynchotreta sp. Hall 1879
Rhynchonellata - Rhynchonellida - Uncinulidae
Uncinulidae indet. Rzonsnitzkaja 1956
Rhynchonellata - Orthida - Orthidae
Orthidae indet. Woodward 1852
Rhynchonellata - Orthida - Hesperorthidae
Dolerorthis sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1931
Rhynchonellata - Orthida - Platystrophiidae
Platystrophia biforata (Schlotheim 1820)
recombined as Platystrophia biforatus
Rhynchonellata - Orthida - Dalmanellidae
Resserella sp. Bancroft 1928
Rhynchonellata - Atrypida - Atrypidae
Plectatrypa sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1930
Atrypa ? reticularis (Linnaeus 1758)
original and current combination Anomia reticularis
Atrypa 'reticularis'
Rhynchonellata - Pentamerida - Gypidulidae
Gypidulidae sp. Schuchert and Le Vene 1929
Rhynchonellata - Pentamerida - Pentameridae
Apopentamerus sp.
synonym of Harpidium (Isovella)
Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Cyrtiidae
Hedeina sp. Boucot 1957
Eospirifer sp. Schuchert 1913
Stenolaemata - Cryptostomata - Fenestellidae
Fenestellidae indet. King 1850
Trilobita - Corynexochida - Illaenidae
Bumastus sp. Murchison 1839
Trilobita - Phacopida - Cheiruridae
Sphaerexochus romingeri Hall 1868
Crinoidea
Crinoidea indet. Miller 1821
Crinoidea - Monobathrida - Periechocrinidae
Periechocrinus sp. Morris 1843
Crinoidea - Monobathrida - Patelliocrinidae
Macrostylocrinus cf. striatus
Macrostylocrinus cf. obconicus
Macrostylocrinus cf. semiradiatus
Crinoidea - Monobathrida - Eucalyptocrinitidae
Eucalyptocrinites cf. ornatus
Eucalyptocrinites depressus
Calliocrinus cf. longispinus
Calliocrinus cornutus
Crinoidea - Diplobathrida - Lampterocrinidae
Siphonocrinus nobilis
Lampterocrinus inflatus
Crinoidea - Diplobathrida - Dimerocrinitidae
Dimerocrinites cf. pentangularis
Dimerocrinites sp. Phillips 1839
Crinoidea - Sagenocrinida - Lecanocrinidae
Lecanocrinus waucoma
Crinoidea - Cyathocrinida - Crotalocrinitidae
Crotalocrinites cora
Crinoidea - Cyathocrinida - Cyathocrinitidae
? Cyathocrinites vanhornei
'Cyathocrinites' vanhornei
Crinoidea - Myelodactylida - Myelodactylidae
Myelodactylus sp. Hall 1852
Rhombifera - Caryocrinitidae
Caryocrinites sp. Say 1825
Holocystitidae
Holocystites spp.
Blastoidea
Lysocystites nodosus
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Wisconsin County:Waukesha County
Coordinates: 43.0° North, 88.4° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:23.5° South, 51.2° West
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Silurian Epoch:Wenlock
10 m.y. bin:Silurian 2
*Period:Early/Lower Silurian *Epoch:Late/Upper Wenlock - Early/Lower Wenlock
Key time interval:Wenlock
Age range of interval:433.40000 - 427.40000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Racine
Stratigraphy comments: Lower-middle Racine Formation, probably mid-Wenlockian.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: lithified dolomite
Secondary lithology:dolomitic lithified lime mudstone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: Very fossiliferous. This is a typical Wenlockian carbonate mud mound community, in which the core contains mostly carbonate mud, sometimes with Stromatactis-like structures, and echinoderm debris and the flank beds are echinoderm-dominated. Skeletal grains in the flank beds which contain this community can be either moldic or dolomite-replaced, and the texture ranges from non-cherty, porous dolowackestone to dolopackstone, with some grainstone present also in the flank facies, to crystalline dolomudstones and sparse dolowaxkestone to dolopackstone, with some grainstone present also in the flank facies, to crystalline dolomudstones and sparse dolowackestones in the cores. Skeletal grains show the full range from well to poorly sorted, and some graded bedding is present in the inclined beds of the echinoderm facies. Corals, which tend to surround the mound core, are sometimes overturned (Philcox, 1970), and in any case, are not abundant enough to form an organic framework. As noted by Witzke (1981b, 1987b), the general absence of skeletal boundstone fabrics precludes interpretation as an organic-framework reef, but the presence of apparent penecontemporaneous cave and fissure-fills in the core, often with thick trilobite or nautiloid concentrations, plus wedge-shaped debris flows in some facies, suggests that the mounds were rigid features, possibly resulting from submarine cementation processes (Witzke, 1987a). Dolomitized botryoidal and fibrous marine cembents are present. Sedimentary features are consistent with episodic high-energy conditions, such as would result from storm action in depths generally at or slightly below fair weather wave base.
Environment:reef, buildup or bioherm
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,replaced with dolomite
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:paleoecologic analysis
Metadata
Also known as:Reef 3169
Database number:13353
Authorizer:M. Foote Enterer:K. Koverman
Modifier:U. Merkel Research group:marine invertebrate
Created:2002-03-04 07:55:01 Last modified:2008-02-28 03:20:48
Access level:the public Released:2002-03-04 07:55:01
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

4379. T. J. Frest, C. E. Brett, and B. J. Witzke. 1999. Caradocian-Gedinnian echinoderm associations of Central and Eastern North America. Paleocommunities--a case study from the Silurian and Lower Devonian 638-783 [M. Foote/K. Koverman/P. Wagner]