Medicine Rocks Site 1: Torrejonian, Montana
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Chondrichthyes
- Myliobatiformes
- Dasyatidae
|
||||||||||
Dasyatidae indet.
Jordan 1888
|
||||||||||
Acipenseriformes
- Acipenseridae
|
||||||||||
cf. Acipenser sp.
Linnaeus 1758
|
||||||||||
Acipenseriformes
- Polyodontidae
|
||||||||||
cf. Paleopsephurus sp.
MacAlpin 1947
|
||||||||||
Amphibia
- Anura
|
||||||||||
cf. Scotiophryne sp.
Estes 1969
|
||||||||||
= Anura indet.
Fischer von Waldheim 1813
|
Gardner and DeMar 2013 | |||||||||
Discoglossidae indet.
Günther 1859
|
||||||||||
said to be a new genus | ||||||||||
= Anura indet.
Fischer von Waldheim 1813
|
Gardner and DeMar 2013 | |||||||||
Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Batrachosauroididae
|
||||||||||
Opisthotriton kayi
Auffenberg 1961
|
||||||||||
Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Urodela
|
||||||||||
Habrosaurus dilatus
Gilmore 1928
|
||||||||||
Scapherpeton tectum
Cope 1876
|
||||||||||
Lisserpeton bairdi
Estes 1965
|
||||||||||
Mammalia
- Multituberculata
- Neoplagiaulacidae
|
||||||||||
Parectypodus sylviae
(Rigby 1980)
|
Sloan 1987 | |||||||||
Mesodma pygmaea
Sloan 1987
|
Sloan 1987 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Multituberculata
- Ptilodontidae
|
||||||||||
Baiotomeus lamberti n. sp.
Krause 1987
|
Krause 1987 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Primates
- Plesiadapidae
|
||||||||||
Pronothodectes cf. matthewi
Gidley 1923
|
Gingerich 1976 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Primates
- Carpolestidae
|
||||||||||
Elphidotarsius cf. florencae
Gidley 1923
|
Rose 1975 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Primates
- Picrodontidae
|
||||||||||
Picrodus silberlingi
Douglass 1908
|
Scott and Fox 2005 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Phenacodontidae
|
||||||||||
Tetraclaenodon puercensis
(Cope 1881)
|
Thewissen 1990 | |||||||||
Reptilia
|
||||||||||
Compsemys victa
(Leidy 1856)
|
||||||||||
Reptilia
- Baenidae
|
||||||||||
Palatobaena bairdi
Gaffney 1972
|
Archibald and Hutchison 1979 | |||||||||
CCM 77-11 (three-quarters of undistorted skull) | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
|
||||||||||
cf. Plastomenus sp.
Cope 1873
|
||||||||||
Hutchemys rememdium n. gen., n. sp.
Joyce et al. 2009
|
Joyce et al. 2009 | |||||||||
YPM PU 16795 - holotype (a nearly complete postcranial skeleton); referred specimen: YPM PU 16781 (right hyo/hypoplastron) | ||||||||||
Reptilia
|
||||||||||
Coniophis sp.
Marsh 1892
|
1 specimen | |||||||||
PU 16773, nine vertebrae, most of them eroded and broken | ||||||||||
= cf. Coniophis precedens
Marsh 1892
|
Longrich et al. 2012 | |||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Serpentes | ||||||||||
YPM-PU 16773 | ||||||||||
cf. Dunnophis sp.
Hecht 1959
|
1 specimen | |||||||||
PU 16774, eleven eroded and broken vertebrae. | ||||||||||
= cf. Coniophis precedens
Marsh 1892
|
Longrich et al. 2012 | |||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Serpentes | ||||||||||
YPM-PU 16774 | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Xantusiidae
|
||||||||||
Palaeoxantusia fera
Hecht 1956
|
5 specimens | |||||||||
PU 16775, complete right dentary; 16776, posterior part of left dentary with associated angular and part of surangular; three other unnumbered fragments of dentaries, two left, one right. | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Oligodontosauridae
|
||||||||||
cf. Oligodontosaurus sp.
Gilmore 1942
|
2 specimens | |||||||||
PU 18577, almost complete trunk vertebra; 16777, posterior part of right dentary. | ||||||||||
= Oligodontosaurus cf. wyomingensis
Gilmore 1942
|
Longrich et al. 2015 | |||||||||
YPM-PU 16777 (left dentary) | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Anguidae
|
||||||||||
Pancelosaurus piger
(Gilmore 1928)
|
||||||||||
recombined as Odaxosaurus piger | ||||||||||
PU 17034, posterior ends of two right and three left dentaries, the anterior end of a left maxilla, and one tooth bearing fragment. Numerous unnumbered osteoscutes, complete and partly co-ossified frontals, and another frontal fragment. | ||||||||||
cf. Gerrhonotus sp.
Wiegmann 1828
|
9 specimens | |||||||||
PU 16778a, almost complete right dentary; 16778b, posterior half of left dentary. Unnumbered fragments of three right and three left dentaries; one questionably referred posterior half of left dentary. | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Xenosauridae
|
||||||||||
Exostinus lancensis
Gilmore 1928
|
1 specimen | |||||||||
PU 16780, anterior end of left maxilla | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Necrosauridae
|
||||||||||
cf. Provaranosaurus sp.
Gilmore 1942
|
6 specimens | |||||||||
PU 16779a–e, broken left maxilla with two teeth, fragment of left maxilla with one tooth, fragment of left dentary with no teeth preserved, fragment of right dentary with one tooth. PU 16782, posterior end of right dentary with one tooth. | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Globauridae
|
||||||||||
Contogenys sloani
Estes 1969
|
Estes 1969 | 3 specimens | ||||||||
YPM-PU 17035, right dentary; 17036a, broken left dentary; 17036b, post. end of right dentary with associated coronoid, splenial, and parts of surangular and angular | ||||||||||
= Contogenys ekalakaensis n. sp.
Nydam and Fitzpatrick 2009
|
Nydam and Fitzpatrick 2009 | |||||||||
17035 is the holotype | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Crocodylia
|
||||||||||
Leidyosuchus sp.
Lambe 1907
|
||||||||||
= Crocodylia indet.
Owen 1842
|
Alroy 2007 | |||||||||
Reptilia
|
||||||||||
Alligatorinae indet.
Cuvier 1807
|
||||||||||
Champsosaurus sp.
Cope 1876
|
||||||||||
Actinopteri
- Lepisosteiformes
- Lepisosteidae
|
||||||||||
Lepisosteus occidentalis
(Leidy 1856)
|
||||||||||
original and current combination Lepidotus occidentalis | ||||||||||
Actinopteri
- Amiiformes
- Amiidae
|
||||||||||
Amia uintaensis
(Leidy 1873)
|
||||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Amiinae | ||||||||||
Amia fragosa
Jordan 1927
|
||||||||||
Actinopteri
- Amiiformes
- Palaeolabridae
|
||||||||||
Palaeolabrus cf. montanensis
Estes 1969
|
||||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | United States | State/province: | Montana | County: | Carter |
Coordinates: | 46.1° North, 104.5° West (view map) | ||||
Paleocoordinates: | 51.8° North, 81.0° West | ||||
Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||||
Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
Period: | Paleogene | Epoch: | Paleocene |
Stage: | Danian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 1 |
*Period: | Tertiary | ||
Key time interval: | Torrejonian | ||
Age range of interval: | 63.30000 - 61.70000 m.y. ago | ||
* legacy (obsolete) database fields |
Stratigraphy
Formation: | Fort Union | Member: | Ekalaka | ||
Local section: | Medic | Local bed: | 1 | ||
Local order: | bottom to top | ||||
Stratigraphy comments: "The Medicine Rocks Sandstone, a unit that was originally mapped as part of the Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation. More recent work, however, has shown that the Medicine Rocks Sandstone is bounded by unconformities and it has thus been designated as its own unit, now called the Ekalaka Member of the Fort Union Formation YPM PU 16781 is from “Locality 1,” which Sloan (1970) grouped with other localities into an assemblage named Medicine Rocks I. A tentative Torrejonian 3 age is typically given on the basis of the mammalian assemblage found at that site (e.g., Lofgren et al. 2004)" (Joyce et al. 2009) |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | sandstone |
Lithology description: "sandstone" (Estes 1976) | |
Environment: | terrestrial indet. |
Geology comments: "freshwaters of a warm temperate coastal plain" (Estes 1976) |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | mesofossils |
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes: | some genera |
Collection methods: | surface (float) |
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
Taxonomic list comments:said to be To3 several other localities in this area are Tiffanian Site III and Mehling Site are "at essentially the same stratigraphic level": Krause 1987a possibly relevant: Pantolambda bathmodon Simons 1960: "probably occurs in the Medicine Rocks local fauna" Pantolambda cavirictum Simons 1960: "Medicine Rock local fauna" SEE Sloan 1970 |
Metadata
Also known as: | Medicine Rocks I | ||
Database number: | 14874 | ||
Authorizer: | J. Alroy, M. Carrano, P. Holroyd, P. Mannion | Enterer: | J. Alroy, P. Holroyd, P. Mannion, M. Carrano |
Modifier: | P. Mannion | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 1994-04-30 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2012-12-21 06:39:36 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 1994-04-30 00:00:00 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
23573. | R. Estes. 1976. Middle Paleocene lower vertebrates from the Tongue River Formation, southeastern Montana. Journal of Paleontology 50(3):500-520 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |
Secondary references:
19636 | J. Alroy. 2007. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil vertebrates and so forth. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
38165 | J. D. Archibald and J. H. Hutchison. 1979. Revision of the genus Palatobaena (Testudines, Baenidae), with the description of a new species. Postilla 177:1-19 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/P. Holroyd] | |
12167 | ETE | R. Estes. 1969. A scincoid lizard from the Cretaceous and Paleocene of Montana. Breviora 331:1-9 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/R. Benson] |
65027 | J. D. Gardner and D. G. DeMar. 2013. Mesozoic and Palaeocene lissamphibian assemblages of North America: a comprehensive review. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 93:459-515 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd/M. Carrano] | |
1635 | P. D. Gingerich. 1976. Cranial Anatomy and Evolution of Early Tertiary Plesiadapidae (Mammalia, Primates). University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 15:1-141 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion] | |
44082 | W. G. Joyce, A. Revan, T. R. Lyson and I. G. Danilov. 2009. Two new plastomenine softshell turtles from the Paleocene of Montana and Wyoming. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 50(2):307-325 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] | |
2160 | D. W. Krause. 1987. Baiotomeus, a New Ptilodontid Multituberculate (Mammalia) from the Middle Paleocene of Western North America . Journal of Paleontology 61(3):595-603 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju] | |
42713 | N. R. Longrich, B.-A. S. Bhullar, and J. A. Gauthier. 2012. A transitional snake from the Late Cretaceous period of North America. Nature 488:205-208 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] | |
54822 | N. R. Longrich, J. Vinther, R. A. Pyron, D. Pisani, and J. A. Gauthier. 2015. Biogeography of worm lizards (Amphisbaenia) driven by end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Proceedings of the Royal Society, B 282:20143034 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] | |
31563 | ETE | R. L. Nydam and B. M. Fitzpatrick. 2009. The occurrence of Contogenys-like lizards in the Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary of the Western Interior of the U.S.A. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(3):677-701 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/P. Mannion] |
2947 | K. D. Rose. 1975. The Carpolestidae: Early Tertiary primates from North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 147(1) [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju] | |
14679 | C. S. Scott and R. C. Fox. 2005. Windows on the evolution of Picrodus (Plesiadapiformes: Primates): morphology and relationships of a species complex from the Paleocene of Alberta. Journal of Paleontology 79(4):635-657 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
3196 | R. E. Sloan. 1987. Paleocene and latest Cretaceous mammal ages, biozones, magnetozones, rates of sedimentation, and evolution. Geological Society of America Special Paper 209:165-200 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] | |
3401 | J. G. M. Thewissen. 1990. Evolution of Paleocene and Eocene Phenacodontidae (Mammalia, Condylarthra). University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 29:1-107 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion] |