Big Multi Locality: Clarkforkian, Wyoming

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Dermoptera
Planetetherium sp. Simpson 1928
Dawson and Beard 1996 13 specimens
Mammalia - Primates - Micromomyidae
Tinimomys graybulliensis Szalay 1974
38 specimens
    = Tinimomys sp. Szalay 1974
Wilf et al. 1998
    = Tinimomys tribos n. sp. Chester and Beard 2012
Chester and Beard 2012
Chalicomomys sp. Beard and Houde 1989
5 specimens
    = Micromomys sp. Szalay 1973
Wilf et al. 1998
    = Dryomomys dulcifer n. sp. Chester and Beard 2012
Chester and Beard 2012
Mammalia - Primates - Paromomyidae
cf. Ignacius sp. Matthew and Granger 1921
Wilf et al. 1998 21 specimens
Phenacolemur cf. simonsi Bown and Rose 1976
37 specimens
Phenacolemur pagei Jepsen 1930
41 specimens
    = Dillerlemur cf. pagei Jepsen 1930
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Primates - Microsyopidae
Arctodontomys sp. Gunnell 1985
19 specimens
said to be new: Wilf et al. 1998; may include "Navajovius sp." of Gunnell 1989 = "microsyopid near Navajovius" and/or "Niptomomys sp."
Arctodontomys simplicidens (Rose 1981)
Wilf et al. 1998 18 specimens
Mammalia - Primates - Plesiadapidae
Chiromyoides cf. major Gingerich 1975
11 specimens
    = Chiromyoides sp. Stehlin 1916
Wilf et al. 1998
    = Chiromyoides gingerichi Secord 2008
Beard et al. 2020
Plesiadapis cookei Jepsen 1930
Chester and Beard 2012
Plesiadapis dubius (Matthew 1915)
3 specimens
apparently includes "P. cookei" based on Wilf et al. 1998; however, Dawson and Beard 1996 suggest that the latter is P. gingerichi
Mammalia - Primates - Carpolestidae
Carpolestes nigridens Simpson 1928
88 specimens
Mammalia - Rodentia - Alagomyidae
Alagomys russelli n. sp. Dawson and Beard 1996
Dawson and Beard 1996 58 specimens
(5 measurements)
Mammalia - Rodentia - Ischyromyidae
Paramys atavus Jepsen 1937
94 specimens
    = Paramys adamus n. sp. Dawson and Beard 1996
Dawson and Beard 1996
Mammalia - Viverravidae
Viverravus acutus Matthew and Granger 1915
8 specimens
    = Viverravus sp. Marsh 1872
Wilf et al. 1998
Didymictis sp. Cope 1875
9 specimens
Mammalia - Metacheiromyidae
Palaeanodon cf. parvulus Matthew 1918
Wilf et al. 1998 1 specimen
Mammalia - Phenacodontidae
Ectocion osbornianus (Cope 1882)
27 specimens
Phenacodus intermedius Granger 1915
Wilf et al. 1998 8 specimens
presumably includes "P. primaevus" and "P. vortmani"
Mammalia - Procreodi - Arctocyonidae
Chriacus sp. Cope 1883
Wilf et al. 1998 6 specimens
Mammalia - Lipotyphla
Lipotyphla indet. Haeckel 1866
Wilf et al. 1998 5 specimens
synonym of Eulipotyphla
said to be new and compared to Mckennatherium; conceivably the same as "cf. Cedrocherus sp." of Dawson and Beard 1996, said to be new
Mammalia - Pantolestidae
Palaeosinopa sp. Matthew 1901
Wilf et al. 1998 7 specimens
Mammalia
cf. Leipsanolestes sp. Simpson 1928
340 specimens
said to be new by Wilf et al. 1998
Mammalia - Nyctitheriidae
Nyctitheriidae indet. Simpson 1928
Jones and Beard 2023
CM 73645
Limaconyssus habrus Gingerich 1987
Jones and Beard 2023 26 specimens
CM 70110 and more
Wyonycteris chalix Gingerich 1987
Jones and Beard 2023 93 specimens
CM 68154 and more
cf. Wyonycteris galensis Secord 2008
Jones and Beard 2023
CM 72040 and more
Plagioctenoides cryptos n. sp. Jones and Beard 2023
Jones and Beard 2023
CM 70158 - type
Ceutholestes acerbus n. sp. Jones and Beard 2023
Jones and Beard 2023 13 specimens
CM 72782 - type
Plagioctenodon goliath n. sp. Jones and Beard 2023
Jones and Beard 2023
CM 71621 - type
Plagioctenodon dawsonae n. sp. Jones and Beard 2023
Jones and Beard 2023 154 specimens
CM 70754 - type
Plagioctenodon cf. rosei (Gingerich 1987)
Jones and Beard 2023
CM 70712, 70725
Mammalia - Macroscelidea
Diacocherus minutus (Jepsen 1930)
Wilf et al. 1998 2 specimens
recombined as Adunator minutus
Mammalia - Macroscelidea - Apheliscidae
cf. Apheliscus nitidus Simpson 1937
114 specimens
Aletodon gunnelli Gingerich 1977
5 specimens
    = Aletodon cf. conardae Winterfeld 1982
Wilf et al. 1998
Mammalia - Apatemyidae
Labidolemur kayi Simpson 1929
Wilf et al. 1998 13 specimens
Mammalia
Azygonyx xenicus (Gingerich and Gunnell 1979)
2 specimens
    = Esthonyx xenicus Gingerich and Gunnell 1979
Dawson and Beard 1996
recombined as Azygonyx xenicus
"E. sp."
Mammalia - Cyriacotheriidae
Cyriacotherium psamminum Rose and Krause 1982
Wilf et al. 1998 1 specimen
Mammalia - Proteutheria - Palaeoryctidae
Palaeoryctes cf. punctatus Van Valen 1966
Wilf et al. 1998 12 specimens
Mammalia
Peradectes sp. Matthew and Granger 1921
175 specimens
    = Peradectes protinnominatus McKenna 1960
Wilf et al. 1998
Mammalia - Multituberculata - Microcosmodontidae
cf. Microcosmodon conus Jepsen 1930
70 specimens
could be M. conus or M. rosei according to Krause 1980, but OK according to Wilf et al. 1998
    = Microcosmodon conus Jepsen 1930
Chester and Beard 2012
Mammalia - Multituberculata
Neoliotomus conventus Jepsen 1930
Wilf et al. 1998 3 specimens
according to Krause 1980, "only specimen of ? Neoliotomus sp., the 'Big Multi,' has been lost"
Mammalia - Multituberculata - Neoplagiaulacidae
Parectypodus laytoni (Jepsen 1940)
Wilf et al. 1998 4 specimens
original and current combination Ectypodus laytoni
Ectypodus sp. Matthew and Granger 1921
124 specimens
    = Ectypodus cf. powelli Jepsen 1940
Krause 1980
Mammalia - Dinocerata - Prodinoceratidae
Probathyopsis sp. Simpson 1929
2 specimens
    = Probathyopsis cf. harrisorum Patterson 1939
Wilf et al. 1998
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela
Urodela indet. (Duméril 1805)
Gardner and DeMar 2013
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Wyoming County:Sweetwater
Coordinates: 41.9° North, 108.6° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:47.2° North, 90.5° West
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Paleogene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 1-2
*Period:Tertiary *Epoch:Late/Upper Paleocene
*International age/stage:Late/Upper Thanetian *Local age/stage:Early/Lower Clarkforkian
Key time interval:Clarkforkian
Age range of interval:56.20000 - 54.90000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Fort Union
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: "75-100 m below the base of the Wasatch Fm."
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:gray lithified mudstone
Lithology description: ETE rock type adj: "prple,gry,blcky"
Environment:"floodplain"
Geology comments: ETE sed env 1: fluvial, ETE sed env 2: overbank ETE event: ., ETE env comment: 0
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Degree of concentration:-bonebed
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Disassociated minor elements:many
Temporal resolution:time-averaged
Spatial resolution:allochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:selective quarrying,surface (float)
Collection size:1672 specimens
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collection method comments: ETE reference list: 980, 979, 978
Taxonomic list comments:work of Krause 1980 appears to postdate that of Rose
Metadata
Also known as:Big Multi Quarry; CM 2433; UCMP V-76134; ETE Locality 1563
Database number:15072
Authorizer:J. Alroy, P. Mannion, K. Beard, P. Holroyd Enterer:J. Alroy, P. Holroyd, P. Mannion, K. Beard
Modifier:P. Mannion Research group:vertebrate
Created:1994-04-30 00:00:00 Last modified:2023-11-17 10:12:47
Access level:the public Released:1994-04-30 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
2953. K. D. Rose. 1981. The Clarkforkian Land-Mammal Age and Mammalian Faunal Composition Across the Paleocene-Eocene Boundary. University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 26:1-197 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
72377 K. C. Beard, M. F. Jones, N. A. Thurber and O. Sanisidro. 2020. Systematics and paleobiology of Chiromyoides (Mammalia, Plesiadapidae) from the upper Paleocene of western North America and western Europe. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1730389:1-22 [K. Beard/K. Beard/P. Mannion]
41198 S. G. B. Chester and K. C. Beard. 2012. New micromomyid plesiadapiforms (Mammalia, Euarchonta) from the late Paleocene of Big Multi Quarry, Washakie Basin, Wyoming. Annals of Carnegie Museum 80(2):159-172 [K. Beard/K. Beard]
13465% 4260M. R. Dawson and K. C. Beard. 1996. New late Paleocene rodents (Mammalia) from Big Multi Quarry, Washakie Basin, Wyoming. Palaeovertebrata, Montpellier 25(2-4):301-321 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Carrano]
65027 J. D. Gardner and D. G. DeMar. 2013. Mesozoic and Palaeocene lissamphibian assemblages of North America: a comprehensive review. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 93:459-515 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd/M. Carrano]
86466 M. F. Jones and K. C. Beard. 2023. Nyctitheriidae (Mammalia, ?Eulipotyphla) from the late Paleocene of Big Multi Quarry, southern Wyoming, and a revision of the subfamily Placentidentinae. Annals of Carnegie Museum 88(2):115-159 [K. Beard/K. Beard/P. Mannion]
2157 D. W. Krause. 1980. Multituberculates from the Clarkforkian Land-Mammal Age, Late Paleocene-Early Eocene, of Western North America. Journal of Paleontology 54(6):1163-1183 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
3643ETE 1545P. Wilf, K. C. Beard, K. S. Davies-Vollum and J. W. Norejko. 1998. Portrait of a late Paleocene (early Clarkforkian) terrestrial ecosystem; Big Multi Quarry and associated strata, Washakie Basin, southwestern Wyoming. Palaios 13(6):514-532 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]