I-75: Whitneyan, Florida
collected by M. Kontrovitz, T. H. Patton 1965

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Actinopteri - Tetraodontiformes - Diodontidae
Diodon sp. Linnaeus 1758
Actinopteri - Sciaenidae
Sciaenidae indet. (Cuvier 1828)
original and current combination Sciaenoidei
Actinopteri - Acanthopteri - Sphyraenidae
Sphyraena sp. Artedi 1793
Reptilia
Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758
Alligatoridae indet. (Gray 1844)
Hastings et al. 2023
UF 16729
Peltosaurus sp. Cope 1873
Reptilia - Amphisbaenidae
? Amphisbaenidae indet. Gray 1865
Reptilia - Iguanidae
Iguanidae indet. Oppel 1811
Reptilia - Boidae
Boidae indet. Gray 1825
"three kinds"
Calamagras platyspondyla Holman 1976
Holman and Harrison 2001 1 specimen
Geringophis indet. Holman 1976
Holman and Harrison 2001 4 specimens
Geringophis robustus n. sp. Holman and Harrison 2001
Holman and Harrison 2001 3 specimens
Totlandophis americanus n. sp. Holman and Harrison 2001
Holman and Harrison 2001 6 specimens
Reptilia
Conantophis alachuaensis n. gen., n. sp. Holman and Harrison 2000
Holman and Harrison 2000 4 specimens
Colubroidea indet. Oppel 1811
Holman and Harrison 2001 3 specimens
Reptilia - Colubridae
Colubridae indet. Oppel 1811
"two kinds"
Floridaophis auffenbergi n. gen., n. sp. Holman 1999
Holman 1999 1 specimen
Nebraskophis oligocenicus n. sp.
Holman 1999 1 specimen
Reptilia - Testudines - Emydidae
Pseudemys sp. Gray 1856
    = Emydinae indet. Rafinesque 1815
Alroy 2008
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae
Floridemys sp. Williams 1950
Mammalia
Didelphidae indet. Gray 1821
    = Herpetotherium sp. Cope 1873
Hayes 2000
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Mesohippus sp. Marsh 1875
    = Miohippus sp. Marsh 1874
Hayes 2000
Mammalia - Protoceratidae
? Protoceratidae indet. Marsh 1891
Mammalia - Hypertragulidae
Nanotragulus sp. Lull 1922
not listed by Hayes 2000
Mammalia - Tayassuidae
Tayassuidae indet. Palmer 1897
Mammalia - Merycoidodontidae
Merycoidodontidae indet. Cook 1912
"Oreodonta (two kinds present)"
Mammalia - Carnivora - Palaeogalidae
? Palaeogale sp. von Meyer 1846
not listed by Hayes 2000
Mammalia - Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
? Daphoenus sp. Leidy 1853
Mammalia
Soricoidea indet. Gill 1872
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Cricetidae indet. Fischer von Waldheim 1817
"at least two kinds"
Mammalia - Rodentia - Eomyidae
Eomyidae indet. Winge 1887
Mammalia - Rodentia - Heteromyidae
Heteromyidae indet. Gray 1868
Mammalia - Rodentia - Eutypomyidae
? Eutypomyidae indet. Miller and Gidley 1918
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Leporidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Phyllostomatidae
Chiroptera indet. Blumenbach 1779
    = Phyllostomatidae indet. Savage 1951
Czaplewski and Morgan 2002
synonym of Phyllostomidae
two forms, large and small
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Mormoopidae
Mormoopidae indet. Saussure 1860
Morgan and Czaplewski 2003
said to be new
    = Koopmanycteris palaeomormoops Morgan et al. 2019
Morgan et al. 2019
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae indet. Gray 1821
Morgan and Czaplewski 2003
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Natalidae
Natalidae indet. Gray 1866
Morgan and Czaplewski 2003
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Emballonuridae
Emballonuridae informal indet. A Dobson 1875
Morgan and Czaplewski 2003
said to be new
Emballonuridae informal indet. B Dobson 1875
Morgan and Czaplewski 2003
said to be new
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Rhinophrynidae
Rhinophrynus sp. Dumeril and Bibron 1841
Blackburn et al. 2019 1 specimen
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Pelobatidae
Scaphiopus sp. Holbrook 1836
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Bufonidae
Bufo sp. Laurenti 1768
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela
Sirenidae indet. Gray 1825
Chondrichthyes - Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816
Chondrichthyes - Batoidei
Batoidei indet.
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Hemigaleidae
Hemipristis cf. wyattdurhami White 1956
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Sphyrnidae
Sphyrna sp. Rafinesque 1810
two forms, one "probably new"
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Carcharhinus sp. de Blainville 1816
two forms, one "probably new"
Negaprion sp. Whitley 1940
Galeocerdo triqueter Eastman 1904
recombined as Physodon triqueter
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Lamnidae
Carcharodon auriculatus (Blainville 1818)
Isurus hastalis (Agassiz 1838)
recombined as Carcharodon hastalis
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Otodontidae
Odontaspis cf. macrota (Agassiz 1838)
original and current combination Otodus macrotus
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Florida County:Alachua
Coordinates: 29.6° North, 82.4° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:29.7° North, 75.8° West
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Oligocene
Stage:Rupelian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 4
*Period:Tertiary *Local age/stage:Whitneyan
Key time interval:Whitneyan
Age range of interval:31.80000 - 29.50000 m.y. ago
Age estimate:30.5 ± 0.5 Ma (other)
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: "The absence of mammals from I-75 that are clearly indicative of the Arikareean (e.g., Nanotragulus) favors a Whitneyan age, probably late Whitneyan (about 30–31 Ma; Prothero and Emry, 2004)" (Morgan et al. 2019)
"the greatest depth of the deposit... is probably not more than 6 feet"
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:black poorly lithified silty,sandy claystone
Lithology description: "a massive, dark-brown to black, silty and slightly sandy clay. The clay is well consolidated in place but is readily friable when excavated... Dispersed throughout the deposit are small, crumbly cobbles of weathered Ocala limestone and some isolated invertebrate fossils from that formation"
Environment:sinkhole
Geology comments: "in a small, shallow sinkhole developed in the irregular surface of the Ocala Limestone (Late Eocene)"
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Disassociated minor elements:many
Fragmentation:frequent
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:bulk,sieve,field collection
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Museum repositories:FLMNH
Collectors:M. Kontrovitz, T. H. Patton Collection dates:1965
Collection method comments: "recovery of most of the specimens was accomplished by means of washing and screening techniques"
Taxonomic list comments:"several sharks and fishes" may have been reworked from the Ocala Limestone; Ostrea normalis is in a "bar immediately above the bone-bearing beds"
Metadata
Database number:17341
Authorizer:J. Alroy, P. Mannion, B. Allen, P. Holroyd, J. Head Enterer:J. Alroy, P. Holroyd, J. Head, B. Allen, P. Mannion
Modifier:B. Allen Research group:vertebrate
Created:1993-02-18 00:00:00 Last modified:2023-07-25 09:46:23
Access level:the public Released:1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
2738. T. H. Patton. 1969. An Oligocene land vertebrate fauna from Florida. Journal of Paleontology 43(2):543-546 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]

Secondary references:

26812 J. Alroy. 2008. Synonymies, reidentifications, and other arbitrary pronouncements mostly concerning fossil vertebrates. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
71280 D.C. Blackburn, L. Roberts, M. C. Vallejo-Pareja and E. L. Stanley. 2019. First Record of the Anuran Family Rhinophrynidae from the Oligocene of Eastern North America . Journal of Herpetology 53(4):316-323 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
7290 N. J. Czaplewski and G. Morgan. 2002. Phyllostomatid bats from the Oligocene and early Miocene of Florida. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(3):48A [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
84078 A. K. Hastings, B. W. Schubert, J. R. Bourque and R. C. Hulbert, Jr. 2023. Oldest record of Alligator in southeastern North America. Palaeontologia Electronica 26(1):a6:1-19 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
4229 F. G. Hayes. 2000. The Brooksville 2 local fauna (Arikareean, latest Oligocene) Hernando County, Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 43(1):1-47 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
45617 J. A. Holman. 1999. Early Oligocene (Whitneyan) snakes from Florida (USA), the second oldest colubrid snakes in the North America. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 42(3):447-454 [J. Head/J. Head]
45602 J. A. Holman and D. L. Harrison. 2000. Early Oligocene (Whitneyan) snakes from Florida (USA), a unique booid. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 43(1-2):127-134 [J. Head/J. Head/J. Head]
45608 J. A. Holman and D. L. Harrison. 2001. Early Oligocene (Whitneyan) snakes from Florida (USA): remaining boids, indeterminate colubroids, summary and discussion of the I-75 Local Fauna snakes. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 44(1):25-36 [J. Head/J. Head/J. Head]
9610 G. S. Morgan and N. J. Czaplewski. 2003. A new bat (Chiroptera: Natalidae) from the early Miocene of Florida, with comments on natalid phylogeny. Journal of Mammalogy 84(2):729-752 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
85393 G. S. Morgan, N. J. Czaplewski, and N. B. Simmons. 2019. A New Mormoopid Bat from the Oligocene (Whitneyan and Early Arikareean) of Florida, and Phylogenetic Relationships of the Major Clades of Mormoopidae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 434:1-146 [B. Allen/B. Allen]