Gardinier Mine: Late/Upper Hemphillian - Zanclean, Florida
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
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Subantilocapra garciae
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Webb et al. 2008 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Hypolagus ringoldensis
Gustafson 1978
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Webb et al. 2008 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Sciuridae
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Miopetaurista webbi
(Robertson 1976)
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Webb et al. 2008 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Borophagus hilli
(Johnston 1939)
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also at Whidden Creek | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Odobenidae
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Trichecodon huxleyi
Lankester 1865
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Morgan 1994 | |||||||||
synonym of Ontocetus emmonsi | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Phocidae
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Pliophoca etrusca
Tavani 1941
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Koretsky and Ray 2008 | |||||||||
= Monachinae indet.
Trouessart 1897
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Berta et al. 2015 | |||||||||
Homiphoca capensis
(Hendey and Repenning 1972)
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Koretsky and Ray 2008 | |||||||||
Callophoca obscura
Van Beneden 1876
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Morgan 1994 | |||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Callophoca | ||||||||||
Phocanella pumila
Van Beneden 1876
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Morgan 1994 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Enhydritherium terraenovae
Berta and Morgan 1985
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Berta and Morgan 1985 | |||||||||
(4 measurements) | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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Rhizosmilodon fiteae n. gen., n. sp.
Wallace and Hulbert 2013
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Wallace and Hulbert 2013 | |||||||||
Machairodus cf. coloradensis
Cook 1922
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Webb et al. 2008 | |||||||||
recombined as Amphimachairodus coloradensis | ||||||||||
Lynx rexroadensis
(Stephens 1959)
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Webb et al. 2008 | |||||||||
original and current combination Felis rexroadensis | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Cormohipparion emsliei
Hulbert 1988
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Hulbert 1988 | |||||||||
= Hippotherium emsliei
Hulbert 1988
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Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
original and current combination Cormohipparion emsliei | ||||||||||
Hulbert 1988c | ||||||||||
Nannippus minor
(Sellards 1916)
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Hulbert 1993 | |||||||||
= Nannippus westoni
Simpson 1930
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Alroy 2002 | |||||||||
replaces ID of Berta and Morgan 1985 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Tapiridae
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Tapirus polkensis
(Olsen 1960)
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Hulbert et al. 2009 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Cetacea
- Iniidae
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Goniodelphis hudsoni
Allen 1941
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Morgan 1994 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Cetacea
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Hadrodelphis sp.
Kellogg 1966
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Morgan 1994 | |||||||||
Balaenoptera floridana
Kellogg 1944
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Morgan 1994 | |||||||||
invalid subgroup of Mysticeti | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Gelocidae
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Floridameryx floridanus
Webb 2008
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Webb 2008 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Gomphotheriidae
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Rhynchotherium edense
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Webb et al. 2008 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
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Chelonia sp.
(Latreille 1800)
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Dodd and Morgan 1992 | |||||||||
synonym of Testudines | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
- Cheloniidae
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Caretta sp.
Rafinesque 1814
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Dodd and Morgan 1992 | |||||||||
Eretmochelys sp.
Fitzinger 1843
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Dodd and Morgan 1992 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
- Chelydridae
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Macrochelys sp.
Gray 1856
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Thomas et al. 2014 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Pelecaniformes
- Pelecanidae
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Pelecanus schreiberi
Olson 1999
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Olson 1999 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | United States | State/province: | Florida | County: | Polk |
Coordinates: | 27.9° North, 81.8° West (view map) | ||||
Paleocoordinates: | 28.1° North, 80.3° West | ||||
Basis of coordinate: | based on political unit |
Time
Period: | Neogene | ||
10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 | ||
*Period: | Tertiary | *Epoch: | Miocene |
Key time interval: | Late/Upper Hemphillian - Zanclean | ||
Age range of interval: | 9.40000 - 3.60000 m.y. ago | ||
* legacy (obsolete) database fields |
Stratigraphy
Geological group: | Hawthorn | Formation: | Peace River | Member: | Bone Valley |
Stratigraphic resolution: | formation | ||||
Stratigraphy comments: latest Hemphillian; upper beds
By contrast, the Palmetto Fauna has been correlated with the latest Hemphillian (5.8–4.9 Ma [54]), and likely the earliest Pliocene (starting at 5.3 Ma) based on sea-level data [60]. (Marx & Fordyce, 2015) |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | pebbly,phosphatic argillaceous,sandy sandstone |
Includes fossils? | Y |
Environment: | marginal marine indet. |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes: | some genera |
Reason for describing collection: | general faunal/floral analysis |
Taxonomic list comments:probably includes some records from Rick's Pump Site
Palmetto Fauna |
Metadata
Also known as: | Whidden Creek | ||
Database number: | 18535 | ||
Authorizer: | J. Alroy, M. Uhen, J. Bloch | Enterer: | J. Alroy, R. Hulbert, N. Pyenson, M. Uhen |
Modifier: | B. Allen | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 1993-09-27 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2023-07-29 09:50:56 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 1993-09-27 00:00:00 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
3558. | X. Wang, R. H. Tedford, and B. E. Taylor. 1999. Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 243:1-392 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |
Secondary references:
6294 | J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari] | |
54184 | A. Berta, S. Kienle, G. Bianucci and S. Sorbi. 2015. A reevaluation of Pliophoca etrusca (Pinnipedia, Phocidae) from the Pliocene of Italy: phylogenetic and biogeographic implications. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e889144 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
1066 | A. Berta and G. S. Morgan. 1985. A new sea otter (Carnivora: Mustelidae) from the late Miocene and early Pliocene (Hemphillian) of North America. Journal of Paleontology 59(4):809-819 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] | |
739 | C. K. Dodd, Jr. and G. S. Morgan. 1992. Fossil sea turtles from the early Pliocene Bone Valley Formation, central Florida. Journal of Herpetology 26(1):1-8 [J. Alroy/M. Sommers/M. Uhen] | |
50347 | R. C. Hulbert, S. C. Wallace, W. W. Klippel and P. W. Parmalee. 2009. Cranial morphology and systematics of an extraordinary sample of the late Neogene dwarf tapir, Tapirus polkensis (Olsen). Journal of Paleontology 83(2):238-262 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert] | |
1950 | R. C. Hulbert, Jr. 1988. A new Cormohipparion (Mammalia, Equidae) from the Pliocene (latest Hemphillian and Blancan) of Florida. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 7(4):451-468 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/R. Hulbert] | |
1953 | R. C. Hulbert, Jr. 1993. Late Miocene Nannippus (Mammalia: Perissodactyla) from Florida, with a description of the smallest Hipparionine horse. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13(3):350-366 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot] | |
26241 | I. A. Koretsky and C. E. Ray. 2008. Phocidae of the Pliocene of eastern USA. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication 14:81-140 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
55050 | F. G. Marx and R. E. Fordyce. 2015. Baleen boom and bust: a synthesis of mysticete phylogeny, diversity and disparity. Royal Society Open Science 2:140434 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
2613 | G. S. Morgan. 1994. Miocene and Pliocene marine mammal faunas from the Bone Valley Formation of central Florida. Contributions in Marine Mammal Paleontology Honoring Frank C. Whitmore Jr., Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History 29:239-268 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] | |
57790 | S. L. Olson. 1999. A new species of pelican (Aves: Pelecanidae) from the Lower Pliocene of North Carolina and Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 112(3):503-509 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
50686 | T. M. Thomas, M. C. Granatosky, J. R. Bourque, K. L. Krysko, P. E. Moler, T. Gamble, E. Suarez, E. Leone, K. M. Enge and J. Roman. 2014. Taxonomic assessment of alligator snapping turtles (Chelydridae: Macrochelys), with the description of two new species from the southeastern United States. Zootaxa 3786(2):141-165 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert] | |
12672 | S. C. Wallace and R. C. Hulbert. 2013. A New Machairodont from the Palmetto Fauna (Early Pliocene) of Florida, with Comments on the Origin of the Smilodontini (Mammalia, Carnivora, Felidae). PLoS One 8(3):e561734 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen] | |
36064 | S. D. Webb. 2008. Revision of the extinct Pseudoceratinae (Artiodactyla: Ruminantia: Gelocidae). Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 48(2):17-58 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
50333 | S. D. Webb, R. C. Hulbert, G. S. Morgan and H.F. Evans. 2008. Terrestrial mammals of the Palmetto Fauna (early Pliocene, latest Hemphillian) from the Central Florida Phosphate District. In X. Wang and L. G. Barnes (eds.), Geology and Vertebrate Paleontology of Western and Southern North America: Contributions in Honor of David P. Whistler (41)293-312 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert] |