Inglis IA: Gelasian, Florida

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Mammutidae
Mammut americanum (Kerr 1792)
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Phyllostomidae
Desmodus stocki Jones 1958
    = Desmodus archaeodaptes Morgan et al. 1988
Morgan 1991
a bat
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
Myotis sp. Kaup 1829
a bat
Plecotus sp. Geoffroy 1818
Morgan 1991
a bat
Antrozous sp. Allen 1862
Morgan 1991
a bat
Lasiurus sp. Gray 1831
Morgan 1991
a bat
Eptesicus sp. Rafinesque 1820
Morgan 1991
a bat
Pipistrellus subflavus (Cuvier 1832)
a bat
Mammalia - Cingulata - Glyptodontidae
Glyptotherium arizonae Gidley 1926
synonym of Glyptotherium texanum
Mammalia - Cingulata - Pampatheriidae
Kraglievichia floridanus Robertson 1976
    = Holmesina floridanus Robertson 1976
Robertson 1976
"K. paranense"
Mammalia - Cingulata - Dasypodidae
Dasypus bellus (Simpson 1929)
Mammalia - Megatheriidae
Eremotherium sp. Spillmann 1948
    = Eremotherium eomigrans De Iuliis and Cartelle 1999
De Iuliis and Cartelle 1999
replaces ID of Morgan and Hulbert 1995 (said to be a new species); "E. mirabile"
Mammalia - Megalonychidae
Megalonyx leptostomus Cope 1893
Mammalia - Mylodontidae
Glossotherium chapadmalensis (Kraglievich 1925)
    = Paramylodon harlani Owen 1840
McDonald 1995
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758
    = Equus leidyi Hay 1913
Hulbert 1995
nomen vanum belonging to Equus
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Tapirus sp. Brisson 1762
Tapirus (Helicotapirus) lundeliusi Hulbert 2010
Hulbert 2010
Mammalia - Cervidae
Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann 1780)
Mammalia - Antilocapridae
Capromeryx arizonensis Skinner 1942
Mammalia - Bovidae
Euceratherium sp. Furlong and Sinclair 1904
    = Bovidae indet. Gray 1821
Morgan and Hulbert 1995
Mammalia - Camelidae
Hemiauchenia sp. Gervais and Ameghino 1880
said to be new (2 measurements)
    = Hemiauchenia gracilis Meachen 2005
Meachen 2005
Hemiauchenia macrocephala (Cope 1893)
Mammalia - Tayassuidae
Platygonus bicalcaratus Cope 1893
    = Platygonus vetus Leidy 1882
Morgan and Hulbert 1995
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Felis lacustris Gazin 1933
    = Felinae indet. Trouessart 1885
Alroy 2002
or "F. rexroadensis": Werdelin 1985
Felis inexpectatus (Cope 1895)
    = Miracinonyx cf. inexpectatus Cope 1895
Alroy 2002
confirmed by Morgan and Seymour 1997
Felis rufus (Schreber 1777)
    = Lynx sp. Kerr 1792
Morgan and Hulbert 1995
Homotherium sp. Fabrini 1890
Morgan and Hulbert 1995
said to be new; "H. serum"
Smilodon gracilis Cope 1880
described by Webb 1974b; includes some material identified as "Panthera" by some authors according to Seymour 1993
Mammalia - Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Chasmaporthetes ossifragus Hay 1921
described by Berta 1981
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae
Arctodus pristinus Leidy 1854
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Trigonictis macrodon (Cope 1868)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mephitidae
Spilogale putorius (Linnaeus 1758)
    = Spilogale sp. Gray 1865
Morgan and Hulbert 1995
Mammalia - Carnivora - Procyonidae
Procyon sp. Storr 1780
said to be new
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Canis edwardii Gazin 1942
reported by both Webb 1974a and Nowak 1979 as "C. rufus"; by Martin 1974a as "C. lupus"; but by Berta 1981 as C. edwardii
Urocyon sp. Baird 1857
said to be "U. cinereoargenteus" by Berta 1995 but not by Morgan and Hulbert 1995 or Ruez 2001
    = Urocyon citrinus n. sp. Tedford et al. 2009
Tedford et al. 2009
Theriodictis ? floridanus Tedford et al. 2009
Tedford et al. 2009
Mammalia - Talpidae
Scalopus aquaticus (Linnaeus 1758)
Mammalia - Soricidae
Blarina carolinensis (Bachman 1837)
confirmed by Jones et al. 1984
Cryptotis parva (Say 1823)
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Sylvilagus floridanus (Allen 1890)
    = Sylvilagus webbi n. sp. White 1991
White 1991
Lepus alleni Mearns 1890
    = Lepus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Morgan and White 1995
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae
Glaucomys sp. Thomas 1908
Morgan and White 1995
said to be a new species; "G. volans"
Sciurus sp. Linnaeus 1758
    = Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin 1788
Morgan and White 1995
Mammalia - Rodentia - Geomyidae
Geomys propinetis n. sp. Wilkins 1984
(3 measurements)
    = Orthogeomys propinetis Wilkins 1984
Alroy 2002
see Wilkins 1984
Mammalia - Rodentia - Caviidae
Hydrochoerus holmesi Simpson 1928
    = Neochoerus aesopi Leidy 1853
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Rodentia - Erethizontidae
Erethizon kleini n. sp. Frazier 1981
see Frazier 1981 (1 measurement)
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Peromyscus sp. Gloger 1841
    = Peromyscus sarmocophinus Ruez 2001
Ruez 2001
Peromyscus ? polionotus (Wagner 1843)
Ruez 2001
Ondatra cf. idahoensis Wilson 1933
(1 measurement)
Neotoma sp. Say and Ord 1825
said to be new
Reithrodontomys sp. Giglioli 1874
    = Reithrodontomys wetmorei Hibbard 1952
Ruez 2001
replaces ID of Morgan and White 1995; "R. humulis"
Sigmodon curtisi Gidley 1922
Reptilia - Colubridae
Regina intermedia Meylan 1982
Gibbons and Dorcas 2004
Nerodia erythrogaster Clark 1903
Gibbons and Dorcas 2004
Nerodia floridana Goff 1936
Gibbons and Dorcas 2004
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae
Gopherus polyphemus (Daudin 1802)
Franz and Quitmyer 2005
The Inglis 1A sample includes 17 NUCH (UF 211285-211298, 211323) (Fig. 4), 7 right and 9 left EPI (UF 211324- 211339) (Fig. 6), 6 right and 8 left XIPH (UF 211340- 211350, 211401-211403), 4 right and 6 left HYO (UF 211405-211414), 1 right and 4 left HYPO (UF 211415- 211419), and numerous other shell fragments. No skull material was associated with the sample. We assume a MNI of 17, based on the number of NUCH bones.
Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Scolopacidae
Scolopax hutchensi Emslie 1998
Emslie 1998
Gallinago gallinago (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Phasianidae
Meleagris anza
Emslie 1998
or could be Meleagrais leopoldi
Reptilia - Odontophoridae
Colinus virginianus (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
1048 specimens in UF collection
Reptilia - Falconidae
Falco columbarius Linnaeus 1758
Emslie 1998
Falco sparverius Linnaeus 1758
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Gaviidae
Gavia pacifica (Lawrence 1858)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Pelecaniformes - Threskiornithidae
Eudocimus albus (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
or could be Eudocimus ruber
Reptilia - Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae
Ardea sp. Linnaeus 1758
Emslie 1998
single fragmentary specimen, but differs from Ardea herodias and may represent an extinct species
Botaurus lentiginosus (Rackett 1813)
Emslie 1998
Ixobrychus exilis (Gmelin 1789)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Anseriformes - Anatidae
Aix sponsa (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
Anas sp. Linnaeus 1758
Emslie 1998
two sizes represented
Anas crecca Linnaeus 1758
Emslie 1998
or could be Anas discors
Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus 1758
Emslie 1998
Anabernicula gracilenta Ross 1935
Emslie 1998
Aythya sp. Boie 1822
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Turdidae
cf. Hylocichla mustelina
Emslie 1998
specimens slightly larger and more robust than modern specimens of H. mustelina
Turdus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Emslie 1998
larger than T. migratorius; similar in size to T. rufiventris and T. rufopalliatus, but too fragmentary for specific identification
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Cardinalidae
Cardinalis cardinalis (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Passerellidae
Zonotrichia sp. Swainson 1832
Emslie 1998
Zonotrichia cf. leucophrys (Forster 1772)
Emslie 1998
Junco cf. hyemalis (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
Passerculus sandwichensis (Gmelin 1789)
Emslie 1998
Ammodramus maritimus
Emslie 1998
Melospiza melodia (Wilson 1810)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Parulidae
Vermivora cf. celata (Say 1823)
Emslie 1998
recombined as Oreothlypis celata
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Icteridae
Agelaius phoeniceus (Linnaeus 1766)
Emslie 1998
Molothrus ater (Boddaert 1783)
Emslie 1998
Sturnella magna (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
Euphagus sp. Cassin 1866
Emslie 1998
Euphagus cyanocephalus (Wagler 1829)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Corvidae
Corvus ossifragus Wilson 1812
Emslie 1998
Cyanocitta cristata (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
Aphelocoma coerulescens (Bosc 1795)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae
Tachybaptus dominicus (Linnaeus 1766)
Emslie 1998
Podilymbus podiceps (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
Podiceps sp. Latham 1787
Emslie 1998
According to Emslie (1998), larger and more robust humerus and ulna than Podiceps auritus
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Rallidae
Rallus informal sp. B Linnaeus 1758
Emslie 1998
intermediate in size between R. longirostris and R. limicola
Rallus cf. longirostris Boddaert 1783
Emslie 1998
specimens more similar to this species than to the morphologically similar Rallus elegans
Porzana carolina (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Gruidae
Grus americana (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
earliest fossil record of species
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Phorusrhacidae
Titanis walleri Brodkorb 1963
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Piciformes - Picidae
Melanerpes sp. Swainson 1832
Emslie 1998
specimens compare well to M. carolinus and M. erythrocephalus
Dryocopus sp. Boie 1826
Emslie 1998
Colaptes auratus (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
Picoides cf. villosus (Linnaeus 1766)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Cuculiformes - Cuculidae
Coccyzus americanus (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Columbiformes - Columbidae
Columba sp. Linnaeus 1758
Emslie 1998
Zenaida macroura (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Strigiformes - Strigidae
Bubo virginianus (Gmelin 1788)
Emslie 1998
Otus asio (Linnaeus 1758)
Emslie 1998
recombined as Megascops asio
Strix varia (Barton 1799)
Emslie 1998
Speotyto cunicularia (Molina 1782)
Emslie 1998
recombined as Athene cunicularia
Asio sp. Brisson 1760
Emslie 1998
Glaucidium sp. Boie 1826
Emslie 1998
smaller species than G. explorator
Glaucidium explorator Emslie 1998
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Strigiformes - Tytonidae
Tyto alba (Scopoli 1769)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Cathartiformes - Cathartidae
cf. Gymnogyps sp. Lesson 1842
Emslie 1998
single specimen too worn and fragmentary for positive identification
Coragyps atratus (Bechstein 1793)
Emslie 1998
Reptilia - Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Buteogallus urubitinga (Gmelin 1788)
Emslie 1998
Accipiter cooperii (Bonaparte 1828)
Emslie 1998
Neophrontops slaughteri Feduccia 1974
Emslie 1998
Buteo sp. de Lacepède 1799
Emslie 1998
Aquila bivia n. sp. Emslie and Czaplewski 1999
Emslie and Czaplewski 1999
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Pelobatidae
Scaphiopus holbrooki (Harlan 1835)
Meylan 2001
recombined as Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) holbrooki
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Ranidae
Rana capito
Meylan 2001
Rana catesbeiana Shaw 1802
Meylan 2001
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Microhylidae
Gastrophryne carolinensis (Holbrook 1835)
Meylan 2001
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Bufonidae
Bufo defensor n. sp. Meylan 2001
Meylan 2001
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Hylidae
Hyla cinerea (Schneider 1799)
Meylan 2001
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Florida County:Citrus
Coordinates: 29.0° North, 82.7° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:29.1° North, 82.3° West
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Quaternary Epoch:Pleistocene
Stage:Gelasian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Gelasian
Age range of interval:2.58000 - 1.80000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy comments: latest Blancan, ca. 1.9-1.6 Ma
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: not reported
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Taxonomic list comments:said to be "earliest Irvingtonian"
"Tremarctos floridanus" is not actually present: Emslie 1995
"Conepatus leuconotus" is omitted by Morgan and Hulbert 1995 and Ruez 2001, and was listed as "a mistake" by Webb 1974a according to Martin 1978
Metadata
Also known as:Inglis 1A; UF locality CI001
Database number:20384
Authorizer:J. Alroy, A. Dunhill, E. Vlachos, M. Uhen, J. Bloch, J. Marcot Enterer:J. Alroy, B. Allen, J. Marcot, E. Vlachos, R. Hulbert, M. Uhen
Modifier:P. Mannion Research group:vertebrate
Created:1993-02-18 00:00:00 Last modified:2020-06-30 10:00:44
Access level:the public Released:1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
3580. S. D. Webb and K. T. Wilkins. 1984. Historical Biogeography of Florida Pleistocene Mammals. In H. H. Genoways and M. R. Dawson (eds.), Carnegie Museum of Natural History Special Publication 8:370-383 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
1357 G. De Iuliis and C. Cartelle. 1999. A new giant megatheriine ground sloth (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Megatheriidae) from the late Blancan to early Irvingtonian of Florida. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 127:495-515 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
50310 S. D. Emslie. 1998. Avian community, climate, and sea-level changes in the Plio-Pleistocene of the Florida Peninsula. Ornithological Monographs (50)1-113 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
50351 S. D. Emslie and N. J. Czaplewski. 1999. Two new fossil eagles from the late Pliocene (late Blancan) of Florida and Arizona and their biogeographic implications. In S. L. Storrs, P. Wellnhofer, C. Mourer-Chauviré, D. W. Steadman, L. D. Martin (eds.), Avian Paleontology at the Close of the 20th Century: Proceedings of the 4th International Meeting of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution, Washington, D.C, 4-7 June 1996. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 89:185-198 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert/M. Carrano]
66358 R. Franz and I. R. Quitmyer. 2005. A fossil and zooarchaeological history of the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) in the Southeastern United States. Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. History 45(4):179-199 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
67900 J. W. Gibbons and M. E. Dorcas. 2004. North American Watersnakes: A Natural History. 1-438 [A. Dunhill/B. Allen]
33964 R. C. Hulbert. 2010. A new early Pleistocene tapir (Mammalia: Perissodactyla) from Florida, with a review of Blancan tapirs from around the state. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 49(3):67-126 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
1955 R. C. Hulbert, Jr. 1995. Equus from Leisey Shell Pit 1A and other Irvingtonian localities from Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 37(17):553-602 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
72953 B. J. MacFadden, J. Labs-Hochstein, R. C. Hulbert, Jr. and J. A. Baskin. 2007. Revised age of the late Neogene terror bird (Titanis) in North America during the Great American Interchange. Geology 35(2):123-126 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
2499 H. G. McDonald. 1995. Gravigrade xenarthrans from the early Pleistocene Leisey Shell Pit 1A, Hillsborough County, Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 37(11) [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
34616 J. A. Meachen. 2005. A new species of Hemiauchenia (Artiodactyla, Camelidae) from the late Blancan of Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 45(4):435-447 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
50424 P. Meylan. 2001. Late Pliocene anurans from Inglis 1A, Citrus County, Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 45(4):171-178 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
2611 G. S. Morgan. 1991. Neotropical Chiroptera from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Florida. In T. A. Griffiths, D. Klingener, (eds.), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 206:176-213 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
2615 G. S. Morgan and R. C. Hulbert, Jr. 1995. Overview of the geology and vertebrate biochronology of the Leisey Shell Pit Local Fauna, Hillsborough County, Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 37(1) [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
2624 G. S. Morgan and J. A. White. 1995. Small mammals (Insectivora, Lagomorpha, and Rodentia) from the early Pleistocene (early Irvingtonian) Leisey Shell Pit Local Fauna, Hillsborough County, Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 37(13) [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
6258 J. S. Robertson. 1976. Latest Pliocene mammals from Haile XV A, Alachua County, Florida. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum 20(3):1-186 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
3872 D. R. Ruez, Jr. 2001. Early Irvingtonian (latest Pliocene) rodents from Inglis 1C, Citrus County, Florida. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21(1):153-171 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
52058 R. H. Tedford, X. Wang, and B. E. Taylor. 2009. Phylogenetic Systematics of the North American Fossil Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 325:1-218 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot/G. Lloyd]
3634 J. A. White. 1991. A new Sylvilagus (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) from the Blancan (Pliocene) and Irvingtonian (Pleistocene) of Florida. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 11(2):243-246 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]