Mt. Kirkpatrick, Beardmore Glacier: Sinemurian - Pliensbachian, Antarctica
collected 1990-1991

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia - Massospondylidae
Prosauropoda indet. Huene 1920
1 individual
    = Plateosauridae indet. Marsh 1895
Hammer 1997
    = Glacialisaurus hammeri n. gen., n. sp. Smith and Pol 2007
Smith and Pol 2007
FMNH PR1823
Reptilia - Theropoda
Theropoda indet. Marsh 1881
teeth from two species
Glacialisaurus hammeri Smith and Pol 2007
Smith and Pol 2007 1 specimen
FMNH PR1822
    = Theropoda indet. Marsh 1881
Carrano 2023
femur
Reptilia
Tetanurae indet. Gauthier 1986
2 individuals
    = Cryolophosaurus ellioti n. gen., n. sp. Hammer and Hickerson 1994
Hammer and Hickerson 1994
Reptilia - Dimorphodontidae
? Dimorphodontidae indet. Seeley 1870
Hammer and Hickerson 1994 1 specimen
Humerus
Tritylodontidae
Tritylodontidae indet. Cope 1884
1 specimen
FMNH PR1824, an isolated upper postcanine tooth
see common names

Geography
Country:Antarctica
Coordinates: 84.3° South, 166.5° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:57.5° South, 35.5° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Altitude:4000 meters
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Jurassic Epoch:Early/Lower Jurassic
Key time interval:Sinemurian - Pliensbachian
Age range of interval:199.30000 - 182.70000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Hanson
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: collected within 1 m stratigraphically and 5 m laterally, except for "3 bones", including pterosaur (which came from 50 m below). Often described as from high in the Falla Fm. but actually from low in the Hanson.

"The presence of Dicroidium odontopteroides in the Falla Formation 300 meters below the vertebrate bearing layers of the Hanson Formation, and pollen and spore assemblages from the middle part of the Falla Formation provide an upper bound of Carnian–Norian (Late Triassic) for the base of the Hanson Formation (Kyle and Schopf 1982; Farabee et al. 1989; Elliot 1996). A radiometric date of 177±2 Ma of the overlying Prebble Formation and Kirkpatrick Basalt (Heimann et al. 1994) gives a lower bound of Aalenian (earliest Middle Jurassic) for the top of the Hanson Formation. Additional radiometric dates from the top of the Hanson Formation, including a K−Ar date of 203±3 Ma (Barrett and Elliot 1972), and an Rb−Sr isochron date of 186±9 Ma (Faure and Hill 1973), suggest that the lower part of the Hanson Formation, which includes the vertebrate−bearing horizons, is probably middle Early Jurassic (Elliot 1996)." (Smith & Pol 2007:658-659).
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:tuffaceous siltstone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: "tuffaceous siltstone"
Environment:fluvial indet. Tectonic setting:rift
Geology comments: "The Hanson Formation was deposited in an active volcano-tectonic rift system formed during the breakup of Gondwana" (Smith & Pol 2007:658)
"fluviatile"; "foreland basin flood plain"
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Degree of concentration:dispersed
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:good
Associated major elements:some
Disassociated major elements:some
Disassociated minor elements:some
Fragmentation:frequent
Bioerosion:frequent
Feeding/predation traces:tooth marks
Temporal resolution:time-averaged
Spatial resolution:parautochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:selective quarrying,surface (float),surface (in situ),mechanical,field collection
Rock censused:2500 kg
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Museum repositories:FMNH
Collection dates:1990-1991
Collection method comments: 120-140 bones and 16 teeth in total
Metadata
Also known as:NSF-Augustana College
Database number:47135
Authorizer:M. Carrano Enterer:M. Carrano, S. Miller
Modifier:M. Carrano Research group:vertebrate
Created:2005-02-15 11:22:13 Last modified:2015-01-23 10:44:17
Access level:the public Released:2005-02-15 11:22:13
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

14703.ETE W. R. Hammer and W. J. Hickerson. 1993. A new Jurassic dinosaur fauna from Antarctica. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13(3, suppl.):40A [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]

Secondary references:

14199ETE M. T. Carrano. 2023. Taxonomic opinions on the Dinosauria. [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
12574ETE W. R. Hammer. 1997. Jurassic dinosaurs from Antarctica. In D. L. Wolberg (ed.), DINOFEST: Proceedings of a Symposium Held at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 249-251 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
50511 W. R. Hammer and W. J. Hickerson. 1993. A brief review of Mesozoic terrestrial vertebrates from the Transantarctic Mountains including evidence of a scavenging theropod. Antarctic Journal of the United States 28(5):33-35 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
12567ETE W. R. Hammer, W. J. Hickerson, and R. W. Slaughter. 1994. A dinosaur assemblage from the Transantarctic Mountains. Antarctic Journal of the United States, Review 1994 29(5):31-33 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
12572ETE W. R. Hammer and W. J. Hickerson. 1994. A crested theropod dinosaur from Antarctica. Science 264:828-830 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
12573ETE W. R. Hammer, W. J. Hickerson, and R. W. Slaughter. 1995. Scavenging and (?) choking Jurassic theropods from Antarctica. Geological Society of America Abstracts-with-Programs 27(3):55 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
12576ETE W. R. Hammer and W. J. Hickerson. 1996. Implications of an Early Jurassic vertebrate fauna from Antarctica. In M. Morales (ed.), The Continental Jurassic, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 60:215-218 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
12575ETE W. R. Hammer and W. J. Hickerson. 1999. Gondwana dinosaurs from the Jurassic of Antarctica. In. Y. Tomida, T. H. Rich, and P. Vickers-Rich (eds.), Proceedings of the Second Gondwanan Dinosaur Symposium, National Science Museum Monographs 15:211-217 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
27188ETE W. R. Hammer and N. D. Smith. 2008. A tritylodont postcanine from the Hanson Formation of Antarctica. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(1):269-273 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/R. Butler]
12945ETE T. H. Rich. 1996. Significance of polar dinosaurs in Gondwana. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 39(3):711-717 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
54137 T. H. Rich, R. A. Gangloff, and W. R. Hammer. 1997. Polar dinosaurs. In P. J. Currie, K. Padian (eds.), Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs 562-573 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/P. Wagner]
14834ETE N. Smith, W. R. Hammer, and P. J. Currie. 2005. Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Cryolophosaurus ellioti (Dinosauria: Theropoda): implications for basal theropod evolution. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25(3, suppl.):116A-117A [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
26326ETE N. D. Smith and D. Pol. 2007. Anatomy of a basal sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Early Jurassic Hanson Formation of Antarctica. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 52(4):657-674 [M. Carrano/S. Miller/M. Carrano]