Sihetun, lower Yixian (general): Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian, China
collected by Liang et al. 1990, 1997-1998

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia
Psittacosaurus sp. Osborn 1923
Xu and Wang 1998 2 specimens
Reptilia - Grallatoridae
Grallator parallelus (Hitchcock 1837)
Xing et al. 2009 1 individual
synonym of Grallator cursorius
3 prints in 1 trackway; NGMC V2115
Reptilia - Dromaeosauridae
Sinornithosaurus millenii n. gen., n. sp. Xu et al. 1999
1 specimen
IVPP V.12811 (8 measurements)
Reptilia - Confuciusornithiformes - Confuciusornithidae
Confuciusornis sp. Hou et al. 1995
Xu and Wang 2000
Reptilia
Shenzhousaurus orientalis n. gen., n. sp. Ji et al. 2003
Ji et al. 2003 1 individual
NGMC 97-4-002 (2 measurements)
Beipiaosaurus inexpectus n. sp. Xu et al. 1999
Xu et al. 1999 1 specimen
IVPP V11559 (holotype), partial right dentary with dentition, right postorbital, right parietal, right nasal?, right prootic, a few cervicals and dorsals, an incomplete caudal, incomplete ribs, partial scapula, coracoids and furcula, partial humerus, radius and ulna, nearly complete hands, partial ilium, pubis and ischium, complete right femur, right tibia and right fibula, incomplete left femur, tibia and fibula, incomplete right foot
Gegepterus changi n. gen., n. sp. Wang et al. 2007
Wang et al. 2007 2 individuals
IVPP V11981, partial skeleton including skull, vertebrae, coracoid and parts of the wing, pelvis and hindlimb; IVPP V11972
Reptilia - Testudines - Sinemydidae
Ordosemys liaoxiensis (Ji 1995)
Tong et al. 2004
Reptilia
Dalinghosaurus longidigitus n. gen., n. sp. Ji 1998
Evans and Wang 2005
including GMV 2127 (holotype) and IVPP V14295 (posterior half of postcranial skeleton) from Jianshangou Bed (124-125 Ma)
Yabeinosaurus tenuis Endo and Shikama 1942
Evans et al. 2005 1 individual
IVPP V13285 (skull and left forelimb) - from Jianshangou Bed (124-125 Ma)
    = Yabeinosaurus robustus n. sp. Dong et al. 2017
Dong et al. 2017
(same as above; IVPP V 13285 is the holotype)
Mammalia - Eutriconodonta
Jeholodens jenkinsi n. gen., n. sp. Ji et al. 1999
Ji et al. 1999 1 specimen
GMV 2139 a,b (holotype skeleton)
Amphibia - Temnospondyli
Liaobatrachus beipiaoensis (Gao and Wang 2001)
Dong et al. 2013
IVPP V12717 (a nearly complete skeleton with part of the vertebral column displaced and the limbs not preserved)
Liaobatrachus grabaui n. gen., n. sp. Ji and Ji 1998
Ji and Ji 1998 1 individual
GMV 2126 - holotype (incomplete skeleton in dorsal view, with vertebral column and pelvis articulated but skull and limbs disarticulated and displaced); referred specimens: MV 77 (a nearly complete skeleton with a slightly displaced pelvis) and CYH 004(a nearly complete skeleton)
Callobatrachus sanyanensis n. gen., n. sp. Wang and Gao 1999
Wang and Gao 1999 1 individual
synonym of Liaobatrachus grabaui
IVPP V11525
see common names

Geography
Country:China State/province:Liaoning County:Beipiao
Coordinates: 41.6° North, 120.9° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:44.3° North, 122.7° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:local area
Time
Period:Cretaceous Epoch:Early/Lower Cretaceous
Key time interval:Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian
Age range of interval:130.00000 - 122.46000 m.y. ago
Age estimate:125 ± 1 Ma (U/Pb)
Stratigraphy
Geological group:Jehol Formation:Yixian Member:Jianshangou
Stratigraphic resolution:member
Stratigraphy comments: lower part of formation
Dong et al (2013): "Sihetun Locality; Jianshangou Bed, Yixian Formation, Barremian/Aptian (125±1 Ma)"
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:black,gray lithified "shale"
Secondary lithology:green siltstone
Includes fossils?Y
Includes fossils?Y
Environment:lacustrine indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,mold/impression,trace
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:excellent
Articulated whole bodies:some
Fragmentation:occasional
Temporal resolution:snapshot
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:all macrofossils
Collection methods:selective quarrying,surface (float),surface (in situ),field collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Museum repositories:IVPP
Collectors:Liang et al. Collection dates:1990, 1997-1998
Collection method comments: Includes 1 Psittacosaurus sp. in Mr. Liang Shikuan's collections. Geological Museum of China (GMV) collection.
Taxonomic list comments:"This discovery documents the first discoglossid fossil from China, the earliest record of the group in Asia, and the only second Mesozoic discoglossid known from fully articulated material in the world."
Metadata
Also known as:Beipiao
Database number:52888
Authorizer:M. Carrano, P. Barrett, A. Dunhill, P. Mannion, R. Benson Enterer:K. Maguire, M. Carrano, B. Allen, R. Benson, T. Cleary, P. Mannion
Modifier:M. Clapham Research group:vertebrate
Created:2005-08-25 12:49:36 Last modified:2023-11-16 20:19:55
Access level:the public Released:2005-08-25 12:49:36
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

14889.ETE X. Xu, X.-L. Wang, and X.-C. Wu. 1999. A dromaeosaurid dinosaur with a filamentous integument from the Yixian Formation of China. Nature 401:262-266 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]

Secondary references:

47770 L. Dong, Z. Roček, Y. Wang and M. E. H. Jones. 2013. Anurans from the Lower Cretaceous Jehol Group of Western Liaoning, China. PLoS One 8(7):e69723 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/M. Uhen]
61334 L. Dong, Y. Wang, and S. E. Evans. 2017. A new lizard (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China, with a taxonomic revision of Yabeinosaurus. Cretaceous Research [P. Barrett/T. Cleary]
38069 S. E. Evans, Y. Wang, and C. Li. 2005. The Early Cretaceous lizard genus Yabeinosaurus from China: resolving an enigma. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 3(4):319-335 [R. Benson/R. Benson/R. Benson]
37751 S. E. Evans and Y. Wang. 2005. The Early Cretaceous lizard Dalinghosaurus from China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50(4):725-742 [R. Benson/R. Benson]
37435 Q. Ji, Z. Luo, and S. Ji. 1999. A Chinese triconodont mammal and mosaic evolution of the mammalian skeleton. Nature 398:326-330 [R. Benson/R. Benson/R. Benson]
14983ETE Q. Ji, M. A. Norell, P. J. Makovicky, K.-Q. Gao, S. Ji and C. Yuan. 2003. An early ostrich dinosaur and implications for ornithomimosaur phylogeny. American Museum Novitates 3420:1-19 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
31027 S. Ji and Q. Ji. 1998. The first Mesozoic frog from China (Amphibia: Anura), Liaobatrachus grabaui gen. et sp. nov. Chinese Geology 250:39-42 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
55594 S.-X. Jiang and X.-L. Wang. 2011. Important features of Gegepterus changae (Pterosauria: Archaeopterodactyloidea, Ctenochasmatidae) from a new specimen. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 49(2):172-184 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
37808 H. Tong, S. -A. Ji, and Q. Ji. 2004. Ordosemys (Testudines: Cryptodira) from the Yixian Formation of Liaoning Province, Northeastern China: New Specimens and Systematic Revision. American Museum Novitates 3438:1-20 [R. Benson/R. Benson]
24664ETE X. Wang, A. W. A. Kellner, Z. Zhou and D. A. Campos. 2007. A new pterosaur (Ctenochasmatidae, Archaeopterodactyloidea) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China. Cretaceous Research 28:245-260 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
177145% 1260Y. Wang and K.Q. Gao. 1999. Earliest Asian discoglossid frog from western Liaoning. Chinese Science Bulletin 44(7):636-642 [J. Alroy/S. Kuemmell]
76729 L. Xing, J. Zhang, M. G. Lockley, R. T. McCrea, H. Klein, L. Alcalá, L. G. Buckley, M. E. Burns, S. B. Kümmell and Q. He. 2015. Hints of the early Jehol Biota: important dinosaur footprint assemblages from the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary Tuchengzi Formation in Beijing, China. PLoS ONE 10(4):e0122715:1-34 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
60852 L.-d. Xing, J. D. Harris, X.-y. Feng and Z.-j. Zhang. 2009. Theropoda (Dinosauria: Saurischia) tracks from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation at Sihetun Village, Liaoning Province, China and possible track makers. Geological Bulletin of China 28(6):705-712 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
14920ETE X. Xu, Z.-L. Tang, and X.-L. Wang. 1999. A therizinosauroid dinosaur with integumentary structures from China. Nature 399:350-354 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
14917ETE X. Xu and X. Wang. 1998. New psittacosaur (Ornithischia, Ceratopsia) occurrence from the Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China and its stratigraphical significance. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 36(2):147-158 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
14248ETE X. Xu and X.-L. Wang. 2000. Troodontid-like pes in the dromaeosaurid Sinornithosaurus. Y.-N. Lee (ed.), 2000 International Dinosaur Symposium for Kosong County in Korea. Paleontological Society of Korea Special Publication 4:179-188 [M. Carrano/K. Maguire/M. Carrano]
17319ETE X. Xu and X.-C. Wu. 2001. Cranial morphology of Sinornithosaurus millenii Xu et al. 1999 (Dinosauria: Theropoda: Dromaeosauridae) from the Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 38(12):1739-1752 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
80823 J. Yao, Y. Zhang, and Z. Tang. 2002. [Small spheres preserved in a therizinosauroid dinosaur' s blood vessels from northeast China]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis 38(2):221-225 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
80958 L. E. Zanno. 2010. A taxonomic and phylogenetic re-evaluation of Therizinosauria (Dinosauria: Maniraptora). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 8(4):503-543 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]