PBDB Collection

SC-133: Wasatchian, Wyoming

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

Reptilia - Squamata

	Squamata indet. Oppel 1811
	"lizard jaws and vertebrae"
Reptilia

	Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758
	"numerous bird bones [UM 86343]"
Mammalia - Macroscelidea - Apheliscidae

	Apheliscus sp. Cope 1875
	= Apheliscus chydaeus Gingerich 1994	Gingerich 1994

	Haplomylus speirianus (Cope 1880)
Mammalia - Condylarthra - Hyopsodontidae

	Hyopsodus loomisi McKenna 1960
Mammalia - Primates - Omomyidae

	Teilhardina sp. Simpson 1940	Bown and Rose 1987
	T. crassidens-americana intergrade
Mammalia - Primates - Microsyopidae

	Arctodontomys wilsoni (Szalay 1969)
Mammalia - Primates - Notharctidae

	Pelycodus mckennai n. sp. Gingerich and Simons 1977
	(6 measurements)
	= Cantius mckennai Gingerich and Simons 1977	Gingerich and Simons 1977
Mammalia - Rodentia - Ischyromyidae

	Paramys sp. Leidy 1871
Mammalia - Acreodi

	Wyolestes apheles Gingerich 1981	Gingerich 1981
	DUPLICATE REF 1643 or 1644
Mammalia - Viverravidae

	Viverravus rosei Polly 1997	Polly 1997

	Viverravus acutus Matthew and Granger 1915	Polly 1997

	Didymictis leptomylus Cope 1880	Polly 1997
Mammalia - Creodonta - Oxyaenidae

	Oxyaena gulo Matthew and Granger 1915	Gunnell and Gingerich 1991
Mammalia - Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae

	Arfia shoshoniensis (Matthew and Granger 1915)	Gingerich and Deutsch 1989

	Prototomus phobos Gingerich and Deutsch 1989	Gingerich and Deutsch 1989

	Prototomus martis Gingerich and Deutsch 1989	Gingerich and Deutsch 1989
Mammalia - Creodonta

	Prolimnocyon haematus Gingerich and Deutsch 1989	Gingerich and Deutsch 1989
Mammalia - Diacodexeidae

	Diacodexis metsiacus (Cope 1882)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

	Hyracotherium grangeri Gingerich 1989	Gingerich 1991
	recombined as Sifrhippus grangeri
Mammalia - Perissodactyla

	Cardiolophus radinskyi Gingerich 1991	Gingerich 1991

	Homogalax protapirinus (Wortman 1896)	Gingerich 1991
Mammalia - Proteutheria - Palaeoryctidae

	Eoryctes melanus n. gen., n. sp. Thewissen and Gingerich 1989	Thewissen and Gingerich 1989
	may include the "one or more insectivores" mentioned by Gingerich
Mammalia

	Peradectes sp. Matthew and Granger 1921
	= Mimoperadectes houdei n. sp. Horovitz et al. 2009	Horovitz et al. 2009
Mammalia - Multituberculata - Neoplagiaulacidae

	Ectypodus tardus (Jepsen 1940)	Krause 1982
Gastropoda - Heterostropha - Grangerellidae

	Grangerella sp. Cockerell 1915
	one specimen
Gastropoda - Heterostropha - Pyramidulidae

	Discus ralstonensis (Cockerell 1914)
	original and current combination Pyramidula ralstonensis
	one specimen
see common names

Geography

Country:	United States	State/province:	Wyoming	County:	Park
Coordinates:	44.8° North, 109.1° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	49.6° North, 91.9° West
Basis of coordinate:	stated in text
Geographic resolution:	outcrop

Time

Period:	Paleogene	Epoch:	Eocene
Stage:	Ypresian	10 m.y. bin:	Cenozoic 2
*Period:	Tertiary
Key time interval:	Wasatchian
Age range of interval:	54.90000 - 50.50000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields

Stratigraphy

Formation:	Willwood
Local section:	Clark	Local bed:	1750 m
Local order:	bottom to top
Stratigraphic resolution:	group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: "zone Wa-2 of Gingerich, 1983" the Bird Quarry lens "varies from 10-20 cm in thickness" and the Calcirudite Site is another lens that outcrops "some 10 m higher stratigraphically" and has "a maximum thickness in placs of 30-40 cm"

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	lenticular,desiccation cracks,bioturbation lithified wackestone
Secondary lithology:	concretionary unlithified "carbonate"
Includes fossils?	Y
Includes fossils?	Y
Lithology description: all Bird Quarry fossils are from a lens "within a bed of gray mudstone" that "is a complex mass of brecciated, bioturbated micrite with some spar-filled dessication cracks and rare spar-filled gastropods... distinct [silt-filled] burrows and networks of plant rootlets" whereas "the calcirudite bed is composed of rounded calcium carbonate nodules equivalent in grain size to coarse sand" and "grades upward into a thin platy sandstone"
Environment:	wet floodplain
Geology comments: lines of evidence "suggest [the Bird Site had] a pedogenic origin involving accumulation or precipitation of calcium carbonate in a shallow intermittently flooded depression... Bird Quarry is similar [to the Discovery Site] in some respects, but different in the [tabular or sheet-like] shape of the whole deposit, the rarity of snails, the size and freshness of burrows, and the presence of an extensive network of rootlets... the calcirudite [site] probably involved reworking of soil nodules by a more ephemeral transisent stream"

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body
Size of fossils:	macrofossils,mesofossils
Articulated whole bodies:	none
Associated major elements:	none
Disassociated major elements:	some
Disassociated minor elements:	many
Temporal resolution:	time-averaged
Spatial resolution:	parautochthonous

Collection methods and comments

Collection methods:	field collection
Collection size:	500 specimens
Reason for describing collection:	general faunal/floral analysis
Museum repositories:	UMMP
Taxonomic list comments:meter level given by Gunnell and Gingerich 1991

Metadata

Also known as:	Bird Quarry Site; Calcirudite Site
Database number:	15779
Authorizer:	J. Alroy	Enterer:	J. Alroy
Modifier:	J. Alroy	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	1993-09-27 00:00:00	Last modified:	2008-11-08 22:44:47
Access level:	the public	Released:	1993-09-27 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

1656.

P. D. Gingerich. 1987. Early Eocene bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera) and other vertebrates in freshwater limestones of the Willlwood Formation, Clark's Fork Basin, Wyoming. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 27(11):275-320 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]

Secondary references:

1123		T. M. Bown and K. D. Rose. 1987. Patterns of Dental Evolution in Early Eocene Anaptomorphine Primates (Omomyidae) from the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. Paleontological Society Memoir 23:1-162 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
1643		P. D. Gingerich. 1981. Radiation of Early Cenozoic Didymoconidae (Condylarthra, Mesonychia) in Asia, with a New Genus from the Early Eocene of Western North America. Journal of Mammalogy 62(3):526-538 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion]
1660		P. D. Gingerich. 1991. Systematics and Evolution of Early Eocene Perissodactyla (Mammalia) in the Clarks Fork Basin, Wyoming. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 28(8):181-213 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion]
1662		P. D. Gingerich. 1994. New species of Apheliscus, Haplomylus, and Hyopsodus (Mammalia, Condylarthra) from the late Paleocene of southern Montana and early Eocene of northwestern Wyoming. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 29(6):119-134 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/K. Beard]
1666		P. D. Gingerich and H. A. Deutsch. 1989. Systematics and Evolution of Early Eocene Hyaenodontidae (Mammalia, Creodonta) in the Clarks Fork Basin, Wyoming. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 27(13):327-391 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
1675		P. D. Gingerich and E. L. Simons. 1977. Systematics, phylogeny, and evolution of early Eocene Adapidae (Mammalia, Primates) in North America. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 24(22):245-279 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
1745		G. F. Gunnell and P. D. Gingerich. 1991. Systematics and Evolution of Late Paleocene and Early Eocene Oxyaenidae (Mammalia, Creodonta) in the Clarks Fork Basin, Wyoming. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 28(7):141-180 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
35939		I. Horovitz, T. Martin, J. Bloch, S. Ladevèze, C. Kurz and M. R. Sánchez-Villagra. 2009. Cranial anatomy of the earliest marsupials and the origin of opossums. PLoS One 4(12):e8278. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
2158		D. W. Krause. 1982. Multituberculates from the Wasatchian Land-Mammal Age, Early Eocene, of Western North America. Journal of Paleontology 56(2):271-294 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
2787		P. D. Polly. 1997. Ancestry and Species Definition in Paleontology: A Stratocladistic Analysis of Paleocene-Eocene Viverravidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) from Wyoming. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 30(1):1-53 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
3403		J. G. M. Thewissen and P. D. Gingerich. 1989. Skull and Endocranial Cast of Eoructes melanus, a New Palaeoryctid (Mammalia: Insectivora) from the Early Eocene of Western North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 9(4):459-470 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]