Rio Crevalese, Castell'Arquato (Pliocene of Italy)

Where: Emilia-Romagna, Italy (44.8° N, 9.9° E: paleocoordinates 44.7° N, 10.2° E)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: MPL 5a zone, Monte Giogo Formation, Piacenzian (3.6 - 2.6 Ma)

• Zones: G. bononiensis; MNN 16a-MNN17; MPMU 2; Discoaster pentaradiatus. Formation name found elsewhere. Top of Piacenzian.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: shallow subtidal; silty sandstone and sandy siltstone

• Silty sand or sandy silt.

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Primary reference: B. M. Mauro and V. Giuseppe. 2005. Nuove specie di Gasteropodi del Piacenziano di rio Crevalese, Castell’Arquato (Piacenza, Italia). Bollettino Malacologico 41(1-4):1-22 [P. Wagner/P. Wagner]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 178117: authorized by Pete Wagner, entered by Pete Wagner on 19.04.2016

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• focus on Conoidea
unclassified
  -
Gastropoda
 Trochoidea - Turbinidae
"Bolma rugosa" = Bolma rugosus
"Bolma rugosa" = Bolma rugosus Linnaeus 1767 snail
 Trochoidea - Trochidae
Diloma patulum top snail
Gibbula magus top snail
Jujubinus striatus Linnaeus 1767 top snail
Jujubinus exasperatus Pennant 1777 top snail
 Lepetellida - Fissurellidae
Diodora italica Defrance 1820 snail
 Lepetellida - Lepetellidae
 Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
"Acrilloscala geniculata" = Amaea (Acrilloscala) wentletrap
Punctiscala disjuncta wentletrap
Punctiscala disjuncta supracustulata Sacco 1891
Opalia plicosa wentletrap
Epitonium commune wentletrap
Epitonium sp. Bolten 1798 wentletrap
Acirsa lanceolata wentletrap
Acrilla bronni wentletrap
 Vanikoroidea - Eulimidae
Niso eburnea Risso 1826 snail
 Neotaenioglossa - Calyptraeidae
Crepidula unguiformis Lamarck 1822 slipper shell
Calyptraea chinensis Linnaeus 1758 slipper shell
 Cerithioidea - Cerithiidae
Bittium latreillei cerith snail
Cerithidium submamillatum Rayneval and Ponzi 1854 cerith snail
Cerithium varicosum cerith snail
 Cerithioidea - Turritellidae
Turritella aspera turret shell
"Turritella tricarinata" = Turritella (Turritella) tricarinata Brocchi 1814 turret shell
Haustator vermicularis Brocchi 1814 turret shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Aporrhaidae
Aporrhais sp. da Costa 1778 snail
Aporrhais uttingerianus snail
Aporrhais uttingerianus uttingerianus
Aporrhais pespelecani Linnaeus 1758 snail
Aporrhais pespelecani crenatulinus
 Neogastropoda - Mitridae
Cancilla alligata mitre shell
Cancilla sismondai mitre shell
Cancilla scrobiculata Brocchi 1814 mitre shell
"Ziba bronni" = Cancilla (Ziba) mitre shell
 Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
Buccinulum corneum Linnaeus 1758 true whelk
"Trophonopsis squamulata" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis) true whelk
 Neogastropoda - Nassariidae
 Neogastropoda - Fasciolariidae
 Neogastropoda - Columbellidae
 Neogastropoda - Clavatulidae
 Neogastropoda - Conidae
Conus brocchii cone shell
Conus striatulus cone shell
Conus virginalis cone shell
"Conus antidiluvianus" = Conilithes antidiluvianus Bruguière 1792 cone shell
 Neogastropoda - Drilliidae
 Neogastropoda - Clathurellidae
 Neogastropoda - Mangeliidae
"Mangelia ambigua" = Cythara (Mangelia), "Mangelia attenuata" = Cythara (Mangelia), "Mangelia coarctata" = Cythara (Mangelia), "Mangelia contracta" = Cythara (Mangelia), "Mangelia scabriuscola" = Cythara (Mangelia), "Mangelia tenuicostata" = Cythara (Mangelia), "Mangelia unifasciata" = Cythara (Mangelia), Mangelia costata, Bela brachystoma, Bela bucciniformis, Bela megastoma, Bela luisae n. sp., Bela nebula, Bela nitida, Bela cf. submarginata, Bela turgida, Bela vulpecula
"Mangelia ambigua" = Cythara (Mangelia) snail
"Mangelia attenuata" = Cythara (Mangelia) snail
"Mangelia coarctata" = Cythara (Mangelia) snail
"Mangelia contracta" = Cythara (Mangelia) snail
"Mangelia scabriuscola" = Cythara (Mangelia) snail
"Mangelia tenuicostata" = Cythara (Mangelia) snail
"Mangelia unifasciata" = Cythara (Mangelia) snail
Mangelia costata Donovan 1803 snail
Bela luisae n. sp. snail
 Neogastropoda - Raphitomidae
 Neogastropoda - Terebridae
"Terebra acuminata" = Terebra, "Subula fuscata" = Terebra, Strioterebrum pliocenicum
"Terebra acuminata" = Terebra auger snail
"Subula fuscata" = Terebra auger snail
 Neogastropoda - Turridae
 Neogastropoda - Coralliophilidae
 Neogastropoda - Cystiscidae
 Neogastropoda - Muricidae
Ocinebrina concerpta Bellardi 1873 murex snail
"Ocinebrina scalaris" = Ocenebra scalaris Brocchi 1814 murex snail
"Ocenebra erinacea" = Ocenebra erinaceus Linnaeus 1758 murex snail
Muricopsis cristata murex snail
Muricopsis turrita murex snail
Hadriania oretea murex snail
Coralliophila sp. Adams and Adams 1853 murex snail
Favartia absona murex snail
Heteropurpura polymorpha Brocchi 1814 murex snail
Dermomurex scalaroides Blainville 1826 murex snail
Bolinus brandaris Linnaeus 1758 murex snail
Orania fusulus murex snail
 Neogastropoda - Volutidae
 Neogastropoda - Cancellariidae
Calcarata calcarata Brochhi 1814 snail
Cancellaria cancellata Linnaeus 1767 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Ficidae
Ficus geometra fig shell
Ficus conditus Brongniart 1823 fig shell
Ficus conditus subintermedius
 Sorbeoconcha - Tonnidae
"Eudolium fasciatum" = Tonna galea, Malea orbiculata
"Eudolium fasciatum" = Tonna galea Linnaeus 1758 tun shell
Malea orbiculata tun shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Cassidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Ranellidae
Sassia apenninica Sassi 1827 triton shell
Sassia apenninica taurosubgranosa Sacco 1890
 Sorbeoconcha - Bursidae
"Bursa nodosa" = Bursa scrobilator
"Bursa nodosa" = Bursa scrobilator Linnaeus 1758 frog shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Triviidae
Erato voluta Montagu 1803 snail
Erato voluta cypreola
Trivia multilirata Sowerby 1870 snail
Trivia arctica Pultenay 1799 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Cypraeidae
"Schilderia utriculata" = Schilderia utricolata
"Schilderia utriculata" = Schilderia utricolata Lamarck 1810 cowry
 Sorbeoconcha - Xenophoridae
Xenophora crispa König 1825 carrier shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Capulidae
Capulus ungaricus Linnaeus 1758 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae
"Natica raropunctata" = Cochlis raropunctata Sasso 1827 moon snail
Euspira sp. Agassiz 1837 moon snail
Euspira helicina Brocchi 1814 moon snail
Euspira cf. bononiensis Foresti 1884 moon snail
Neverita josephinia Risso 1826 moon snail
"Natica dillwyni" = Tanea dillwyni Payraudeau 1826 moon snail
Natica dillwyni plicatula
Natica undata moon snail
Tectonatica tectula Sacco 1890 moon snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Rissoidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Vermetidae
Serpulorbis arenaria Linnaeus 1758 worm shell
Vermetus deshayesi worm shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Cerithiopsidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Triphoridae
Monophorus perversus Linnaeus 1758 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Caecidae
 Heterostropha - Acteonidae
Acteon tornatilis Linnaeus 1758 snail
 Heterostropha - Ringiculidae
Ringicula sp., "Ringicula aff. auriculata" = Ringicula minor, Ringicula buccinea
Ringicula sp. Deshayes 1838 snail
"Ringicula aff. auriculata" = Ringicula minor Grateloup 1838 snail
Ringicula buccinea Sowerby 1823 snail
 Heterostropha - Pyramidellidae
 Heterostropha - Architectonicidae
 Heterostropha - Mathildidae
 Opisthobranchia - Haminoeidae
 Opisthobranchia -
 Opisthobranchia - Cylichnidae
"Cylichna cylindracea" = Cylichna (Cylichna) cylindracea Pennant 1777 snail
 Opisthobranchia - Retusidae
 Thecosomata - Cavoliniidae
Clio pyramidata Linnaeus 1767 snail
Bivalvia
 Arcida - Arcidae
"Anadara diluvii" = Scapharca (Scapharca) diluvii Lamarck 1805 clam
Arca noae Linnaeus 1758 ark
 Arcida - Cucullaeidae
"Arca tetragona" = Tetrarca tetragona
"Arca tetragona" = Tetrarca tetragona Poli 1795 clam
 Arcida - Glycymerididae
Glycymeris sp. Da Costa 1778 clam
Glycymeris glycymeris Linnaeus 1758 clam
 Arcida - Limopsidae
Limopsis sp. Sassi 1827 clam
 Pectinida - Anomiidae
Anomia ephippium Linnaeus 1758 jingle
 Pectinida - Limidae
Limea strigilata Brocchi 1814 file clam
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
"Aequipecten scabrella" = Chlamys scabrellus, "Chlamys varia" = Chlamys (Chlamys) varia, "Chlamys multistriata" = Talochlamys multistriata, Pecten jacobaeus, "Amussium cristatum" = Amusium, "Hyalopecten similis" = Ciclopecten, Aequipecten opercularis
"Aequipecten scabrella" = Chlamys scabrellus Lamarck 1819 scallop
"Chlamys varia" = Chlamys (Chlamys) varia Linnaeus 1758 scallop
"Chlamys multistriata" = Talochlamys multistriata Poli 1795 scallop
"Amussium cristatum" = Amusium scallop
"Hyalopecten similis" = Ciclopecten scallop
Aequipecten opercularis Linnaeus 1758 scallop
 Ostreida - Pteriidae
Pteria phalenacea pearl oyster
 Ostreida - Pinnidae
Atrina pectinata Linnaeus 1758 oyster
 Ostreida - Gryphaeidae
Neopycnodonte navicularis Brocchi 1814 oyster
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
Ostrea sp. Linnaeus 1758 oyster
Ostrea edulis Linnaeus 1758 oyster
 Mytilida - Mytilidae
Modiolus sp. Lamarck 1801 mussel
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
 Poromyida - Cuspidariidae
 Poromyida - Poromyidae
 Pholadida - Corbulidae
"Corbula gibba" = Corbula (Varicorbula) gibba
"Corbula gibba" = Corbula (Varicorbula) gibba Oliva 1792 clam
 Cardiida - Chamidae
Chama gryphoides, "Glans aculeata" = Chama aculeata
Chama gryphoides Linnaeus 1758 jewel box
"Glans aculeata" = Chama aculeata Poli 1795 jewel box
Glans aculeata rhomboidea inermis
 Cardiida - Veneridae
"Gouldia minima" = Gouldia (Gouldia) minima Montagu 1803 venus clam
Pelecyora islandicoides Lamarck 1818 venus clam
Pitar rudis Poli 1795 venus clam
Chamelea gallina Linneus 1758 venus clam
Timoclea ovata Pennant 1777 venus clam
Paphia vetula Basterot 1825 venus clam
Paphia vetula genei
Dosinia exoleta Linnaeus 1758 venus clam
Venus alternans venus clam
Venus nux Gmelin 1791 venus clam
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
Acanthocardia paucicostata Sowerby 1834 cockle
Laevicardium turgidum cockle
Laevicardium turgidum millasiense
 Cardiida - Solecurtidae
 Cardiida - Psammobiidae
"Psammobia fervensis" = Gari (Psammobia), "Psammobia uniradiata" = Gari (Psammobia)
"Psammobia fervensis" = Gari (Psammobia) clam
"Psammobia uniradiata" = Gari (Psammobia) clam
 Cardiida - Semelidae
 Hiatellida - Hiatellidae
Hiatella arctica Linnaeus 1767 clam
 Carditida - Astartidae
 Nuculida - Nuculidae
"Nucula placentina" = Nucula, "Nucula sulcata" = Nucula, Nucula nitidosa
"Nucula placentina" = Nucula nut clam
"Nucula sulcata" = Nucula nut clam
Nucula nitidosa Winckworth 1930 nut clam
 Nuculanida - Nuculanidae
Nuculana commutata pointed nut clam
Nuculana consanguinea pointed nut clam
Nuculana pella pointed nut clam
"Nuculana concava" = Jupiteria concava Bronn 1831 pointed nut clam
 Nuculanida - Yoldiidae
Yoldia nitida Brocchi 1814 clam
Yoldia nitida pliogenei
Scaphopoda
 Gadilida - Entalinidae
 Gadilida - Gadilidae
 Dentaliida - Gadilinidae
Gadilina jani tusk shell
 Dentaliida - Dentaliidae