La Debruge (Eocene of France)

Also known as Apt, Gargas, Saint-Saturnin-d'Apt, Sainte Radegonde; La Débruge

Where: Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur Region, France (43.9° N, 5.4° E: paleocoordinates 42.5° N, 1.6° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: MP 18 mammal zone, Priabonian (38.0 - 33.9 Ma)

• stratified locality referred to the 'Ludien' age. The level is in fact a lens that disappears toward the South and the West.

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: mire or swamp; black, sandy marl

• blackish and slightly sandy marls. Contrary to what is stated in De Bonis (1964), the fossiliferous level contains no lignite (De Bonis, pers. comm. to E. Fara, 2004). The fossiliferous level is about 50 cm high

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Reposited in the MNHN

• The first mention of the collection was made by Gervais in 1846. This primary ref is currently being searched (Fara). Most Saturninia gracilis specimens are in MNHN, with types in Muséum de Bâle.

Primary reference: P. Gervais. 1852. Zoologie et Paléontologie Françaises (Animaux Vertébrés) ou Nouvelles Recherches sur les Animaux Vivants et Fossiles de la France [French Zoology and Paleontology (Vertebrate Animals) or New Research on the Living and Fossil Animals of France] 1–3:1-274+ [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Carrano]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 31747: authorized by Emmanuel Fara, entered by Emmanuel Fara on 24.05.2003, edited by Robin Whatley, Lars van den Hoek Ostende, Patricia Holroyd, David Nicholson, Terri Cleary, Philip Mannion, Pauline Coster and Evangelos Vlachos

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• incomplete for insectivores and rodents
Reptilia
 Squamata - Anguidae
Placosaurus rugosus n. gen. n. sp.
Placosaurus rugosus n. gen. n. sp. Gervais 1852 squamates
MNHN 1906-25, fragment of cranial roof plus osteoderms
 Testudines - Testudinidae
Cheirogaster sp.6, "Testudo lamanoni" = Testudo lamanonii5
Cheirogaster sp.6 Bergounioux 1935 turtle
Material from pl. LX Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11 of Bergounioux 1932, in type series of Clemmys vidali
"Testudo lamanoni" = Testudo lamanonii5 Gray 1831 turtle
shell fragments
 Testudines -
"Ocadia oweni" = Landreatchelys oweni8, "Clemmys vidali n. sp." = Landreatchelys oweni6
"Ocadia oweni" = Landreatchelys oweni8 Lydekker 1889 turtle
BMNH 26551. Additional specimens listed by Hervet 2004 (ref 58591) are MNHN 1940-402, BMNH 26651x, 26651i, 26651f, and 26651m-n.
"Clemmys vidali n. sp." = Landreatchelys oweni6 Lydekker 1889 turtle
Type number not listed by Hervet 2004 but mentions that some fragments belong to Cheirogaster sp.
Mammalia
 Theriamorpha - Herpetotheriidae
Peratherium cuvieri3 Fisher 1829 marsupial
Amphiperatherium sp.9 Filhol 1879 marsupial
Amphiperatherium minutum2 Aymard 1846 marsupial
 Perissodactyla - Palaeotheriidae
Anchilophus radegondense3 odd-toed ungulate
Metanchilophus radegondensis9 Gervais 1852 odd-toed ungulate
"Palaeotherium latum" = Palaeotherium3 odd-toed ungulate
"Paleotherium muehlbergi" = Palaeotherium9 odd-toed ungulate
Palaeotherium curtum3 Cuvier 1812 odd-toed ungulate
Palaeotherium duvali3 Pomel 1853 odd-toed ungulate
Palaeotherium siderolithicum10 Pictet and Humbert 1869 odd-toed ungulate
Palaeotherium medium3 Cuvier 1804 odd-toed ungulate
Palaeotherium crassum3 Cuvier 1805 odd-toed ungulate
Palaeotherium magnum3 Cuvier 1804 odd-toed ungulate
Plagiolophus oweni9 odd-toed ungulate
Plagiolophus annectens3 Owen 1847 odd-toed ungulate
Plagiolophus minor3 Cuvier 1804 odd-toed ungulate
Plagiolophus minor9 Cuvier 1804 odd-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Anthracotheriidae
Elomeryx crispus n. sp.3 Gervais 1849 anthracothere
MNHN LDB 134 - type
 Artiodactyla - Cainotheriidae
Oxacron courtoisi3 Gervais 1848 even-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Xiphodontidae
Dichodon stehlini12 even-toed ungulate
Dichodon cf. frohnstettense3 von Meyer 1852 even-toed ungulate
Xiphodon gracile3 Cuvier 1822 even-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Anoplotheriidae
Dacrytherium saturninii3 even-toed ungulate
Anoplotherium sp.12 Cuvier 1804 even-toed ungulate
Anoplotherium latipes3 Gervais 1852 even-toed ungulate
Anoplotherium commune3 Cuvier 1804 even-toed ungulate
Anoplotherium laurillardi3 Pomel 1851 even-toed ungulate
Diplobune secundarium3 even-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Amphimerycidae
Amphimeryx murinus12 Cuvier 1822 even-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Tapirulidae
Tapirulus hyracinus3 Gervais 1850 even-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Choeropotamidae
Choeropotamus parisiensis3 Cuvier 1822 even-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Cebochoeridae
Acotherulum saturninum9 Gervais 1850 even-toed ungulate
Cebochoerus saturninus9 even-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Dichobunidae
Dichobune leporina12 Cuvier 1822 even-toed ungulate
 Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
 Creodonta - Hyainailouridae
Pterodon dasyuroides3 Blainville 1839 creodont
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Cynodictis lacustris3 Gervais 1852 bear-dog
 Theriamorpha - Nyctitheriidae
Saturninia gracilis1 Stehlin 1940 placental
Euronyctia saturninensis n. sp.11 Smith 2006 placental
Darbonetus sigei n. sp.7 Hooker 2018 placental
NHMUK PV.M10044 - type
 Rodentia - Theridomyidae
Theridomys cf. golpei9 Hartenberger 1973 rodent
Theridomys pseudosiderolithicus n. sp.3 De Bonis 1964 rodent
(Isoptychus)
 Rodentia - Ischyromyidae
Plesiarctomys gervaisii9 Bravard 1850 rodent
 Rodentia - Gliridae
Glamys priscus4 Stehlin and Schaub 1951 dormouse
Db 486C
 Primates - Adapidae
Adapis parisiensis3 Blainville 1841 primate
 Primates - Omomyidae
Microchoerus erinaceus12 Wood 1844 tarsier
 Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
 Chiroptera - Molossidae
cf. Cuvierimops sp.9 Legendre and Sigé 1983 free-tailed bat