Pedre-que-Pica (Pliocene of Portugal)

Where: Portugal (36.9° N, 25.0° W: paleocoordinates 37.0° N, 25.4° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Zanclean (5.3 - 3.6 Ma)

• Although it cannot be shown beyond doubt at present, the sedimentary sequences at

•Ponta do Castelo,Malbusca and Pedra-que-Pica are tentatively correlated with the Cré outcrops and assumed to represent more or less contemporaneous deposits.

Environment/lithology: marine; lithified, shelly/skeletal carbonate

• dense mollusc coquina close to the base of the sections. This coquina is

•dominated by oysters and pectinids, with subsidiary amounts of echinoids and coralline red algae.

Size class: mesofossils

Preservation: coquina

Collection methods: Repository: Department of Biology of the University of the Azores.

Primary reference: A. Kroh, M. A. Bitner, and S.P. Avila. 2008. Novocrania turbinata (Brachiopoda) from the Early Pliocene of the Azores (Portugal). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 58(4):473-478 [M. Clapham/M. Manojlovic]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 152330: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Marko Manojlovic on 17.11.2013, edited by Mihaela Krause

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Anthozoa
 Scleractinia - Poritidae
Porites sp.2 Link 1807 stony coral
Gastropoda
 Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Strombidae
Persististrombus sp.2 Kronenberg and Lee 2007 true conch
Persististrombus coronatus1 Defrance 1827 true conch
 Sorbeoconcha - Hipponicidae
Cheilea equestris2 Linnaeus 1758 hoof shell
Bivalvia
 Arcida - Arcidae
Anadara sp.2 Gray 1847 ark
Arca noae2 Linnaeus 1758 ark
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
Argopecten cf. levicostatus2 Toula 1909 calico scallop
Hinnites ercolanianus2 Cocconi 1873 scallop
Pecten dunkeri2 scallop
Aequipecten opercularis2 Linnaeus 1758 scallop
Spondylus cf. concentricus2 Bronn 1831 scallop
Spondylus gaederopus2 Linnaeus 1758 scallop
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
Lopha plicatuloides2, "Cubitostrea frondosa" = Ostrea frondosa2, "Ostrea cf. lamellosa" = Ostrea edulis2
"Cubitostrea frondosa" = Ostrea frondosa2 de Serres 1829 oyster
"Ostrea cf. lamellosa" = Ostrea edulis2 Linnaeus 1758 oyster
 Mytilida - Mytilidae
"Myoforceps aristatus" = Lithophaga (Myoforceps)2
"Myoforceps aristatus" = Lithophaga (Myoforceps)2 mussel
Craniata
 Craniida - Craniidae
Novocrania turbinata Poli 1795
dorsal valves
Gymnolaemata
 Cheilostomata - Umbonulidae
 Cheilostomata - Cryptosulidae
Cryptosula sp.2 Canu and Bassler 1925
 Cheilostomata - Candidae
Scrupocellaria sp.2 van Beneden 1845
 Cheilostomata - Cribrilinidae
 Cheilostomata - Onychocellidae
 Cheilostomata - Flustridae
Hincksina sp.2 Norman 1903
 Cheilostomata - Romancheinidae
Hippopleurifera sp.2 Canu and Bassler 1927
Escharoides sp.2 Milne Edwards 1836
 Cheilostomata - Antroporidae
Antropora sp.2 Norman 1903
 Cheilostomata - Chaperiidae
Chaperiidae indet.2 Jullien 1888
Chaperiopsis sp.2 Uttley 1949
 Cheilostomata - Calloporidae
 Cheilostomata - Membraniporidae
Biflustra sp.2 d'Orbigny 1852
 Cheilostomata - Hippopodinidae
 Cheilostomata - Microporellidae
Calloporina sp.2 Neviani 1895
Microporella "sp. 1"2 Hincks 1877
Microporella "sp. 2"2 Hincks 1877
 Cheilostomata - Cheiloporinidae
Cheiloporina sp.2 Canu and Bassler 1923
 Cheilostomata - Schizoporellidae
Therenia sp.2 David and Pouyet 1978
 Cheilostomata - Chorizoporidae
 Cheilostomata - Smittinidae
 Cheilostomata - Bitectiporidae
"Metroperiella sp." = Schizomavella (Metroperiella)2 Canu and Bassler 1917
 Cheilostomata - Myriozoidae
 Cheilostomata - Crepidacanthidae
 Cheilostomata - Celleporidae
 Cheilostomata - Phidoloporidae
? Plesiocleidochasma sp.2 Soule and Chaney 1991
Reteporella sp.2 Busk 1884
 Cheilostomata - Escharinidae
Thecostraca
 Balanomorpha - Balanidae
? Megabalanus sp.2 Hoek 1913 barnacle
Zullobalanus santamariaensis2 Buckeridge and Winkelmann 1989 barnacle
Echinoidea
 Cidaroida - Cidaridae
Eucidaris tribuloides2 pencil urchin
 Irregularia -
Spatangoida indet.2 Agassiz 1840 heart urchin
 Spatangoida - Brissidae
"Schizobrissus sp." = Meoma (Schizobrissus)2
"Schizobrissus sp." = Meoma (Schizobrissus)2 Pomel 1869 heart urchin
 Clypeasteroida - Clypeasteridae
Clypeaster altus2 sand dollar
 Clypeasteroida - Fibulariidae
Echinocyamus pusillus2 Müller 1776 sand dollar
 Echinoneoida - Echinoneidae
Echinoneus cf. cyclostomus2 Leske 1778 sea urchin
Chondrichthyes
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Carcharhinus cf. leucas2 Valenciennes 1839 requiem shark
 Lamniformes - Lamnidae
"Cosmopolitodus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis2
"Cosmopolitodus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis2 Agassiz 1838 white shark
Mammalia
 Placentalia -
Cetacea indet.2 Brisson 1762 whale
Actinopteri
 Perciformes - Sparidae
Sparus cinctus2 Agassiz 1843 perch-like fish