PBDB Collection

Makapansgat - general (Pliocene of South Africa)

Also known as ETE Locality 1164, Makapansgat - general,

Where: South Africa (24.2° S, 29.0° E)

• Paleocoordinates: 25.1° S, 28.8° E (Wright 2013)

When: Makapansgat Formation, Late/Upper Pliocene (3.6 - 2.6 Ma)

• ETE dating method: time_unit, ETE age comment: "Fauna/paleomag data sugg age=~3.0 Ma,w/range=3.32-2.6 Ma"

Environment/lithology: cave; breccia

• ETE sed env 1: trap, ETE sed env 2: cave ETE event: ., ETE env comment: depos in quiet pools

• ETE rock type adj: ., ETE lithology comments: breccia of slty/cly/sndy loam

Collection methods: ETE Size: macro; ETE reference list: 933, ; ETE museum list:

Primary reference: P. M. Butler and M. Greenwood. 1976. Elephant Shrews (Macroscelididae) from Olduvai and Makapansgat. Fossil Vertebrates of Africa 4:1-50 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 22340: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 23.08.1999, edited by John Damuth

Creative Commons license: CC0 (CC0)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

unclassified
-	Chrysotricha hamiltoni, Peloroceras helmei, Griquatherium cingulatum Chrysotricha hamiltoni Peloroceras helmei Griquatherium cingulatum
Mammalia
Macroscelidea - Macroscelididae	Elephantulus antiquus, Elephantulus langi Elephantulus antiquus elephant shrew Elephantulus langi elephant shrew
Carnivora - Herpestidae	Cynictis penicillata Cynictis penicillata Cuvier 1829 yellow mongoose ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: brachyodon
Carnivora - Felidae	cf. Leptailurus spelaeus, "Felis aff. issiodorensis" = Lynx issiodorensis, "Felis caracal" = Caracal caracal, "aff. Caracal caracal" = Caracal caracal, "Felis serval" = Caracal serval, Acinonyx jubatus, aff. Felis cafra, Felis libyca, Therailurus barlowi, Machairodus darti, Megantereon gracile cf. Leptailurus spelaeus cat "Felis aff. issiodorensis" = Lynx issiodorensis Croizet and Jobert 1828 lynx ETE occurrence; species: mak - species name from unique name "Felis caracal" = Caracal caracal Schreber 1776 caracal "aff. Caracal caracal" = Caracal caracal Schreber 1776 caracal ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: aff. Caracal caracal "Felis serval" = Caracal serval Schreber 1776 serval Acinonyx jubatus Schreber 1775 cheetah aff. Felis cafra cat ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: aff. Felis cafra Felis libyca Forster 1780 African wildcat Therailurus barlowi cat Machairodus darti cat Megantereon gracile cat
Carnivora - Canidae	"Canis cf. adustus" = Schaeffia adusta, "cf. Canis mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas, Vulpes sp. "Canis cf. adustus" = Schaeffia adusta Sundevall 1847 side-striped jackal "cf. Canis mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas Schreber 1775 black-backed jackal ETE occurrence; species: pappos Vulpes sp. Frisch 1775 fox
Tribosphenida - Sivatheridae	Libytherium cf. olduvaiense Libytherium cf. olduvaiense placental
Tribosphenida - Antilopidae	Strepsiceros cf. angasi Strepsiceros cf. angasi placental
Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae	Rhinocerotidae indet., Ceratotherium simum, Diceros bicornis Rhinocerotidae indet. Gray 1821 rhinoceros ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Ceratotherium simum or D. bicornis Ceratotherium simum Burchell 1821 white rhinoceros Diceros bicornis Linnaeus 1758 black rhinoceros
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Equus helmei, "cf. Stylohipparion steytleri" = Hipparion Equus helmei horse "cf. Stylohipparion steytleri" = Hipparion hipparionine horse
Artiodactyla - Hippopotamidae	Hippopotamus amphibius Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus 1758 hippo
Artiodactyla - Suidae	"Potamochoeroides shawi" = Metridiochoerus shawi, "Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus, "cf. Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus "Potamochoeroides shawi" = Metridiochoerus shawi Dale 1948 pig "Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus Hopwood 1926 giant forest hog "cf. Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus Hopwood 1926 giant forest hog
Artiodactyla - Bovidae	Oreotragus major, Redunca arudinum, Redunca darti, Redunca fulvorufula, Gazella gracilior, cf. Oryx gazella, Aepyceros cf. melampus, Cephalophus caerulus, Cephalophus pricei, cf. Alcelaphus robustus, "cf. Gorgon taurinus" = Connochaetes taurinus, Damaliscus aff. albifrons, "Strepsiceros strepsiceros" = Tragelaphus strepsiceros, "Tragelaphus angasi" = Tragelaphus angasii, Taurotragus cf. oryx, cf. Syncerus caffer, Makapania broomi Oreotragus major klipspringer Redunca arudinum reedbuck Redunca darti Wells and Cooke 1956 reedbuck Redunca fulvorufula Afzelius 1815 mountain reedbuck originally entered as "Redunca fulvoufula" Gazella gracilior gazelle originally entered as "Gazella grcilior" cf. Oryx gazella Linnaeus 1758 gemsbok Aepyceros cf. melampus Lichtenstein 1812 impala Cephalophus caerulus duiker Cephalophus pricei duiker cf. Alcelaphus robustus hartebeest "cf. Gorgon taurinus" = Connochaetes taurinus Burchell 1823 blue wildebeest Damaliscus aff. albifrons antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: mak - species name from unique name "Strepsiceros strepsiceros" = Tragelaphus strepsiceros Pallas 1766 greater kudu "Tragelaphus angasi" = Tragelaphus angasii Gray 1849 nyala Taurotragus cf. oryx Pallas 1766 common eland cf. Syncerus caffer Sparman 1779 African buffalo Makapania broomi Wells and Cooke 1956 antelope
Artiodactyla - Giraffidae	Giraffa camelopardalis Giraffa camelopardalis Linnaeus 1758 giraffe originally entered as "Giraffa cameleopardalis"
Primates - Cercopithecidae	Cercopithecoides broomi, Parapapio spp., Parapapio broomi, Parapapio jonesi, Parapapio whitei, "Simopithecus darti" = Theropithecus Cercopithecoides broomi monkey Parapapio spp. Jones 1937 monkey Parapapio broomi Jones 1937 monkey ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: or whitei Parapapio jonesi Broom 1940 monkey Parapapio whitei Broom 1940 monkey "Simopithecus darti" = Theropithecus gelada ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: darti
Primates - Hominidae	Australopithecus africanus Australopithecus africanus Dart 1925 australopithecine originally entered as "Austrlopithecus africanus"
Gazella vanhoepeni
-	"Gazella vanhoepeni" = Phenacotragus vanhoepeni "Gazella vanhoepeni" = Phenacotragus vanhoepeni Wells and Cooke 1956