Banana Hole (UF collection) (Pleistocene to of Bahamas)

Where: New Providence Island, Bahamas (25.0° N, 77.5° W: paleocoordinates 25.0° N, 77.5° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Late/Upper Pleistocene to Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

• The age of the fossil deposit in Banana Hole is uncertain, although the strong representation of arid-adapted species of birds identified by Brodkorb (1959), Olson and Hilgartner (1982), and herein suggests that the fossils probably date to the late Pleistocene. In May 2016, we attempted to radiocarbon (14C) date 2 femora of the rodent G. ingrahami from Banana Hole at Beta Analytic Inc., but neither specimen (Beta432277, 432278) had enough collagen to yield results. A 14C date (Beta-24481) of 7,980 +/- 230 yr BP was reported by Morgan (1989) based on collagen extracted from an unknown number of bones of G. ingrahami from Banana

•Hole. When calendrically calibrated (using OxCal13), this 14C date is 9,437 to 8,400 Cal BP (calibrated years before present; 95.4% confidence).

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: sinkhole; limestone

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collected by Dickinson, Auffenberg, Hanlon, Russell in 1958, 1960; reposited in the FMNH

Primary reference: P. Brodkorb. 1959. Pleistocene birds from New Providence Island, Bahamas. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences 4(11):349-371 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 194588: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Matthew Clapham on 22.06.2018

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Aves
 Charadriiformes - Burhinidae
Burhinus nanus n. sp. Brodkorb 1959 Bahama thick-knee
10 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
 Charadriiformes - Scolopacidae
Gallinago kakuki n. sp.3 Steadman and Takano 2016 snipe
 Falconiformes - Falconidae
Falco sparverius2 Linnaeus 1758 American kestrel
Caracara creightoni n. sp. Brodkorb 1959 Creighton's caracara
2 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
 Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Titanohierax gloveralleni1 Wetmore 1937 Bahama eagle
Accipiter striatus2 Vieillot 1897 sharp-shinned hawk
"Calohierax quadratus" = Buteo quadratus Wetmore 1937 Bahama red-shouldered hawk
8 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
 Caprimulgiformes - Trochilidae
Chlorostilbon ricordii2 Gervais 1835 Cuban emerald
 Caprimulgiformes - Caprimulgidae
Caprimulgidae indet.2 Vigors 1825 nightjar
 Passeriformes - Spindalidae
Spindalis zena2 Linnaeus 1758 western spindalis
 Passeriformes - Vireonidae
Vireo crassirostris2 Bryant 1859 thick-billed vireo
Vireo altiloquus2 Vieillot 1808 black-whiskered vireo
 Passeriformes - Parulidae
Setophaga coronata2 Linnaeus 1766 yellow-rumped warbler
 Passeriformes - Turdidae
Sialia sialis2 Linnaeus 1758 eastern bluebird
Turdus plumbeus2 Linnaeus 1758 red-legged thrush
 Passeriformes - Thraupidae
Loxigilla violacea2 Linnaeus 1758 greater Antillean bullfinch
Tiaris bicolor2 Linnaeus 1766 black-faced grassquit
 Passeriformes - Tyrannidae
Myiarchus sagrae2 Gundlach 1852 La Sagra's flycatcher
Tyrannus caudifasciatus2 d'Orbigny 1839 loggerhead kingbird
Tyrannus cubensis2 Richmond 1898 giant kingbird
Tyrannus dominicensis2 Gmelin 1788 gray kingbird
 Passeriformes - Icteridae
Sturnella magna2 Linnaeus 1758 eastern meadowlark
Molothrus ater2 Boddaert 1783 brown-headed cowbird
 Passeriformes - Mimidae
Mimus gundlachii Cabanis 1855 Bahama mockingbird
21 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
 Passeriformes - Polioptilidae
Polioptila caerulea2 Linnaeus 1766 blue-gray gnatcatcher
 Passeriformes - Passerellidae
Passerculus sandwichensis2 Gmelin 1789 savannah sparrow
 Passeriformes - Hirundinidae
Petrochelidon fulva2 Vieillot 1808 cave swallow
 Passeriformes - Corvidae
Corvus palmarum1, "Corvus wetmorei n. sp." = Corvus nasicus
Corvus palmarum1 Württemburg 1835 palm crow
3 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
"Corvus wetmorei n. sp." = Corvus nasicus Temminck 1826 Cuban crow
91 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
 Passeriformes - Phaenicophilidae
Xenoligea cf. montana2 Chapman 1917 white-winged warbler
 Columbiformes - Columbidae
Columbidae indet.1 Illiger 1811 dove
Zenaida asiatica2 Linnaeus 1758 white-winged dove
Zenaida aurita Temminck 1809 zenaida dove
9 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
Geotrygon chrysia1 Bonaparte 1855 Key West quail-dove
21 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
"Columba squamosa" = Patagioenas squamosa Bonnaterre 1792 scaly-naped pigeon
16 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
"Columba leucocephala" = Patagioenas leucocephala Linnaeus 1758 white-crowned pigeon
40 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
Columbina passerina2 Linnaeus 1758 common ground-dove
 Psittaciformes - Psittacidae
"Amazona leucocephala" = Psittacus leucocephalus
"Amazona leucocephala" = Psittacus leucocephalus Linnaeus 1758 Cuban parrot
30 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
 Cuculiformes - Cuculidae
Coccyzus minor2, "Coccyzus merlini" = Saurothera merlini2
Coccyzus minor2 Gmelin 1788 mangrove cuckoo
"Coccyzus merlini" = Saurothera merlini2 d'Orbigny 1839 great lizard-cuckoo
 Piciformes - Picidae
"Melanerpes superciliaris" = Melanerpes superciliaris, "Bathoceleus hyphalus n. gen. n. sp." = Melanerpes superciliaris, Xiphidiopicus percussus2, Sphyrapicus varius2, Colaptes sp.2, Picoides villosus2
"Melanerpes superciliaris" = Melanerpes superciliaris Temminck 1827 West Indian woodpecker
20 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
"Bathoceleus hyphalus n. gen. n. sp." = Melanerpes superciliaris Temminck 1827 West Indian woodpecker
Xiphidiopicus percussus2 Temminck 1826 Cuban green woodpecker
Sphyrapicus varius2 Linnaeus 1766 yellow-bellied sapsucker
Colaptes sp.2 Vigors 1825 woodpecker
Picoides villosus2 Linnaeus 1766 hairy woodpecker
 Strigiformes - Strigidae
"Athene cunicularia" = Athene cunicularia2, "Glaucidium dickinsoni n. sp." = Athene cunicularia, "Otus providentiae n. sp." = Athene cunicularia
"Athene cunicularia" = Athene cunicularia2 Molina 1782 burrowing owl
"Glaucidium dickinsoni n. sp." = Athene cunicularia Molina 1782 burrowing owl
"Otus providentiae n. sp." = Athene cunicularia Molina 1782 burrowing owl
 Strigiformes - Tytonidae
Tyto alba Scopoli 1769 barn owl
Tyto pollens Wetmore 1937 Bahama barn owl
11 in Oswald & Steadman 2018
 Gruiformes - Rallidae
Porzana carolina2 Linnaeus 1758 sora
Porphyrio martinicus2 Linnaeus 1766 purple gallinule
 Procellariiformes - Procellariidae
Pterodroma cahow2 Nichols and Mowbray 1916 Bermuda petrel
 Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae
Egretta caerulea2 Linnaeus 1758 little blue heron