Where: Kazakhstan (47.0° N, 84.0° E: paleocoordinates 47.3° N, 83.8° E)
• coordinate estimated from map
When: Turolian (8.7 - 5.3 Ma)
• Late Turolian, Upper Miocene, Santash Suite, MN13.
•'The Kalmakpay fauna occurs in the reddish brown sandy clays of the Karabulak suite in the Zaisan depression that is a correlative unit of the upper part of the Santash suite in southern Kazakhstan. The Santash suite, developed in the piedmont depressions of Northern TIen Shan Mountains, is represented by reddish brown clays and ill-sorted siltstones with interlayers of sandstones and marls.'
Environment/lithology: sandy
Primary reference: M.V. Sotnikova, A.E. Dodonov, and A.V. Pen'kov. 1997. Upper Cenozoic bio-magnetic stratigraphy of Central Asian mammalian localities. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 133:243-258 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]more details
Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis
PaleoDB collection 34436: authorized by Alan Turner, entered by Hannah O'Regan on 01.09.2003, edited by Evangelos Vlachos
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Mammalia | |
Hipparion hippidiodus hipparionine horse
Hipparion elegans hipparionine horse | |
Chilotherium sp. Ringström 1924 rhinoceros
Sinotherium zaisanense rhinoceros | |
Cervavitus novorossiae Khomenko 1913 deer
Procapreolus latifrons Schlosser 1924 deer | |
Samotherium cf. irtyshense giraffe | |
Gazella dorcadoides Schlosser 1903 gazelle
Tragocerus sp. Gaudry 1861 antelope | |
Machairodus kurteni Sotnikova 1991 cat | |
Adcrocuta eximia Roth and Wagner 1854 hyaena | |
Indarctos sp. Pilgrim 1913 bear | |
Vormela sp. Blasius 1884 marbled polecat
Plesiogulo crassa Teilhard de Chardin 1945 mustelid carnivore
Martes paleosinensis marten | |
Reptilia | |
Eryx sp. Daudin 1803 true sand boa | |
| |
Varanus sp. Merrem 1820 monitor lizard |