Gram Formation (Miocene of Denmark)
Where: Denmark (55.3° N, 9.0° E: paleocoordinates 55.5° N, 8.0° E)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• basin-level geographic resolution
When: Gram Formation, Tortonian (11.6 - 7.2 Ma)
• STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From the Gram Fm, which conformably overlies the Hodde Fm (Serravallian) and is unconformably overlain by Quaternary deposits. AGE: Tortonian. STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: General list for formation.
• formation-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: marine; poorly lithified, micaceous, silty claystone
• SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Silty, dark, micaceous clay. LITHIFICATION: Poorly-lithified, on the basis of figured specimens.
Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils
Collection methods: surface (in situ),
• COLLECTORS: Unknown. REPOSITORY: Unknown.
Primary reference: F. Roth and K. Hoedemakers. 2005. The Marine Gram Formation at Gram, Denmark: Late Miocene Geology and Palaeontology. Palaeontos 7:1-189 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details
Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis
PaleoDB collection 98312: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 30.09.2010
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
• COVERAGE: Exhaustive for molluscs. NOMENCLATURE: Modern nomenclature, with species-resolution identifications.
Show authors, comments, and common names
| Chondrichthyes | |
"Carcharodon megalodon" = Otodus megalodon1
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| Echinoidea | |
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| Malacostraca | |
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Nephrops kvistgaardae Fraaije et al. 2005 clawed lobster
Homarus cf. gammarus Linnaeus 1758 clawed lobster | |
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Munida sp. Leach 1820 decapod | |
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Tasadia carniolica Bittner 1884 crab | |
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Retropluma borealis Fraaije et al. 2005 crab | |
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Chaceon miocenicus Fraaije et al. 2005 crab | |
| Bivalvia | |
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Nucula (Lamellinucula) georgiana nut clam
Leionucula cf. laevigata Sowerby 1818 nut clam | |
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Pseudamussium cf. lilli Pusch 1837 scallop
Pseudamussium clavatum Poli 1795 scallop
Korobkovia woodi scallop
Aequipecten seniensis scallop | |
"Pododesmus (Heteranomia) squamula" = Heteranomia squamula
"Pododesmus (Heteranomia) squamula" = Heteranomia squamula Linnaeus 1758 scallop | |
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Atrina sp. Gray 1842 oyster | |
"Glycymeris (Chevronia) obovata" = Glycymeris (Glycymeris) obovata
"Glycymeris (Chevronia) obovata" = Glycymeris (Glycymeris) obovata Lamarck 1819 clam | |
Limopsis (Limopsis) aurita, "Limopsis (Pectunculina) cf. anomala" = Limopsis
Limopsis (Limopsis) aurita Brocchi 1814 clam
"Limopsis (Pectunculina) cf. anomala" = Limopsis clam | |
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Mytilus sp. Linnaeus 1758 mussel | |
Goodallia (Goodallia) esbjergensis, "Carinastarte vetula" = Astarte (Carinastarte)
"Carinastarte vetula" = Astarte (Carinastarte) clam | |
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Thyasira (Thyasira) flexuosa Montagu 1803 clam | |
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Lucinidae indet. Fleming 1828 clam | |
"Hiatella (Hiatella) arctica" = Hiatella arctica
"Hiatella (Hiatella) arctica" = Hiatella arctica Linnaeus 1767 clam | |
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Xylophaga sp. Turton 1822 clam | |
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Teredinidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 clam | |
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Corbula (Varicorbula) gibba Oliva 1792 clam | |
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Spisula aff. subtruncata da Costa 1778 clam | |
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Mioerycina coarctata Wood 1840 clam | |
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Parvicardium straeleni cockle | |
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Abra (Abra) cf. prismatica Montagu 1808 abra | |
"Lepton transversarium" = Lepton (Lepton) transversarium
"Lepton transversarium" = Lepton (Lepton) transversarium Cossmann 1896 kelly clam | |
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Cardiomya (Cardiomya) costellata Deshayes 1833 clam | |
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Periploma ariei Gürs 1996 clam | |
| Scaphopoda | |
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Dentalium cf. michelotti tusk shell | |
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Polyschides weinbrechti tusk shell | |
| Gastropoda | |
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Diaphana moerchi snail
Toledonia flensburgensis snail | |
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Crassispira borealis snail | |
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Acirsa (Hemiacirsa) aff. duvergieri wentletrap
Cirsotrema sp. Mörch 1852 wentletrap | |
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Eulima (Eulima) glabra snail | |
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Aclis minor aclis | |
"Turritella (Archimediella) cochlias" = Archimediella, Turritella (Turritella) tricarinata
"Turritella (Archimediella) cochlias" = Archimediella turret shell
Turritella (Turritella) tricarinata Brocchi 1814 turret shell | |
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Krachia zelandica snail | |
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Euspira helicina Brocchi 1814 moon snail
Naticarius koeneni moon snail | |
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Obtusella gottscheana snail | |
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Ficus (Ficus) conditus Brongniart 1823 fig shell | |
"Semicassis (Semicassis) miolaevigata" = Phalium (Semicassis) miolaevigata, Galeodea bicatenata
"Semicassis (Semicassis) miolaevigata" = Phalium (Semicassis) miolaevigata Sacco 1890 snail
Galeodea bicatenata Sowerby 1815 snail | |
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Xenophora (Stellaria) testigera Bronn 1831 carrier shell | |
"Streptolathyrus rothi" = Streptochetus (Streptolathyrus)
"Streptolathyrus rothi" = Streptochetus (Streptolathyrus) snail | |
Nassarius cf. wienrichi, Nassarius cf. holsaticus, Nassarius cf. syltensis, Nassarius (Tritonella) ronaldjansseni, Nassarius (Uzita) prysmaticus, Amyclina sp.
Nassarius cf. wienrichi snail
Nassarius cf. holsaticus snail
Nassarius cf. syltensis snail
Nassarius (Uzita) prysmaticus Brocchi 1814 snail
Amyclina sp. Iredale 1918 snail | |
Aquilofusus semiglaber, Aquilofusus klugorum, Aquilofusus cf. puggaardi, Colus distinctus, Liomesus ventrosus
Aquilofusus semiglaber true whelk
Aquilofusus klugorum true whelk
Aquilofusus cf. puggaardi true whelk
Colus distinctus true whelk
Liomesus ventrosus true whelk | |
"Conus (Conolithus) antediluvianus" = Conus (Conolithes), Oenopota kochi
"Conus (Conolithus) antediluvianus" = Conus (Conolithes) cone shell
Oenopota kochi cone shell | |
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Spirotropis gramensis Janssen 1993 snail | |
Daphnella abrahamssoni, Pleurotomella (Pleurotomella) mioweberi, Raphitoma spinosoreticulata, Raphitoma variccostata, Teretia guersi
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Unedogemmula annae, Gemmula (Gemmula) badensis, Fusiturris (Fusiturris) helena, Acamptogenotia intorta
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Terebra forchhammeri auger snail | |
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Pleurotomoides mariae snail | |
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Bathytoma (Bathytoma) cataphracta Brocchi 1814 snail
Microdrillia serratula snail
Asthenotoma ornata snail | |
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Haedropleura maitreja snail | |
"Mitra grateloupi" = Mitra (Tiara) grateloupi
"Mitra grateloupi" = Mitra (Tiara) grateloupi d'Orbigny 1852 mitre shell | |
"Vexillum (Uromitra) cimbrica" = Uromitra
"Vexillum (Uromitra) cimbrica" = Uromitra ribbed mitre | |
"Trophonopsis (Pagodula) semperi" = Pagodula, "Murex (Tubicauda) spinicosta" = Murex (Promurex) spinicosta, Lyrotyphis (Eotyphis) sejunctus, Spinucella reimersi
"Trophonopsis (Pagodula) semperi" = Pagodula murex snail
"Murex (Tubicauda) spinicosta" = Murex (Promurex) spinicosta Bronn 1831 murex snail
Lyrotyphis (Eotyphis) sejunctus murex snail
Spinucella reimersi murex snail | |
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Scaphella bolli volute | |
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Aporrhais dingdenensis Marquet et al. 2002 snail | |
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Circulus (Circulus) hennei Glibert 1952 snail | |
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Skenea ariejansseni snail | |
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Mesopelex anderseni snail
Pseudococculina dittmeri snail | |
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Ringicula (Ringiculina) buccinea Sowerby 1823 snail | |
"Turbonilla (Strioturbonilla) rothi" = Strioturbonilla, "Turbonilla (Strioturbonilla) sp." = Strioturbonilla, Syrnola (Syrnola) neumayri, Pyramidella (Voluspa) plicosa, Brachystomia sp., Eulimella (Eulimella) scillae, Eulimella (Eulimella) acicula, Odostomia (Megastomia) conoidea, Odostomia (Megastomia) tuexeni, Turbonilla (Turbonilla) costellata, Turbonilla (Turbonilla) facki, Chrysallida (Pyrgulina) interita, Chrysallida (Parthenina) modesta, Chrysallida (Parthenina) semireticulata, Kleinella (Kleinella) nordmanni
"Turbonilla (Strioturbonilla) rothi" = Strioturbonilla snail
"Turbonilla (Strioturbonilla) sp." = Strioturbonilla Sacco 1892 snail
Brachystomia sp. Monterosato 1884 snail
Odostomia (Megastomia) conoidea Brocchi 1814 snail
Chrysallida (Parthenina) semireticulata Sorgenfrei 1958 snail | |
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Tjaernoeia punctata snail | |
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Actaeopyramis elatus snail | |
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Limacina atlanta snail
Limacina wilhelminae snail | |