Makapansgat - general (Pliocene of South Africa)

Also known as ETE Locality 1164, Makapansgat - general,

Where: South Africa (24.2° S, 29.0° E)

• Paleocoordinates: 25.1° S, 28.8° E (Wright 2013)

When: Makapansgat Formation, Late/Upper Pliocene (3.6 - 2.6 Ma)

• ETE dating method: time_unit, ETE age comment: "Fauna/paleomag data sugg age=~3.0 Ma,w/range=3.32-2.6 Ma"

Environment/lithology: cave; breccia

• ETE sed env 1: trap, ETE sed env 2: cave ETE event: ., ETE env comment: depos in quiet pools
• ETE rock type adj: ., ETE lithology comments: breccia of slty/cly/sndy loam

Collection methods: ETE Size: macro; ETE reference list: 933, ; ETE museum list:

Primary reference: P. M. Butler and M. Greenwood. 1976. Elephant Shrews (Macroscelididae) from Olduvai and Makapansgat. Fossil Vertebrates of Africa 4:1-50 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 22340: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 23.08.1999, edited by John Damuth

Creative Commons license: CC0 (CC0)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Chrysotricha hamiltoni, Peloroceras helmei, Griquatherium cingulatum
Mammalia
 Primates - Hominidae
Australopithecus africanus
Australopithecus africanus Dart 1925 australopithecine
originally entered as "Austrlopithecus africanus"
 Primates - Cercopithecidae
Cercopithecoides broomi, Parapapio spp., Parapapio jonesi, Parapapio whitei, Parapapio broomi, "Simopithecus darti" = Theropithecus
Parapapio spp. Jones 1937 monkey
Parapapio jonesi Broom 1940 monkey
Parapapio whitei Broom 1940 monkey
Parapapio broomi Jones 1937 monkey
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: or whitei
"Simopithecus darti" = Theropithecus gelada
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: darti
 Carnivora - Felidae
Therailurus barlowi, Megantereon gracile, Machairodus darti, aff. Felis cafra, Felis libyca, "Felis aff. issiodorensis" = Lynx issiodorensis, Acinonyx jubatus, cf. Leptailurus spelaeus, "Felis serval" = Caracal serval, "Felis caracal" = Caracal caracal, "aff. Caracal caracal" = Caracal caracal
aff. Felis cafra cat
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: aff. Felis cafra
Felis libyca Forster 1780 African wildcat
"Felis aff. issiodorensis" = Lynx issiodorensis Croizet and Jobert 1828 lynx
ETE occurrence; species: mak - species name from unique name
Acinonyx jubatus Schreber 1775 cheetah
"Felis serval" = Caracal serval Schreber 1776 serval
"Felis caracal" = Caracal caracal Schreber 1776 caracal
"aff. Caracal caracal" = Caracal caracal Schreber 1776 caracal
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: aff. Caracal caracal
 Carnivora - Herpestidae
Cynictis penicillata
Cynictis penicillata Cuvier 1829 yellow mongoose
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: brachyodon
 Carnivora - Canidae
Vulpes sp., "cf. Canis mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas, "Canis cf. adustus" = Schaeffia adusta
Vulpes sp. Frisch 1775 fox
"cf. Canis mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas Schreber 1775 black-backed jackal
ETE occurrence; species: pappos
"Canis cf. adustus" = Schaeffia adusta Sundevall 1847 side-striped jackal
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinocerotidae indet., Diceros bicornis, Ceratotherium simum
Rhinocerotidae indet. Gray 1821 rhinoceros
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Ceratotherium simum or D. bicornis
Diceros bicornis Linnaeus 1758 black rhinoceros
Ceratotherium simum Burchell 1821 white rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
"cf. Stylohipparion steytleri" = Hipparion, Equus helmei
"cf. Stylohipparion steytleri" = Hipparion hipparionine horse
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
"Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus, "cf. Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus, "Potamochoeroides shawi" = Metridiochoerus shawi
"Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus Hopwood 1926 giant forest hog
"cf. Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus Hopwood 1926 giant forest hog
"Potamochoeroides shawi" = Metridiochoerus shawi Dale 1948 pig
 Artiodactyla - Giraffidae
Giraffa camelopardalis
Giraffa camelopardalis Linnaeus 1758 giraffe
originally entered as "Giraffa cameleopardalis"
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
cf. Oryx gazella, Redunca arudinum, Redunca darti, Redunca fulvorufula, Gazella gracilior, Cephalophus caerulus, Cephalophus pricei, Aepyceros cf. melampus, cf. Alcelaphus robustus, Damaliscus aff. albifrons, "cf. Gorgon taurinus" = Connochaetes taurinus, Oreotragus major, Makapania broomi, cf. Syncerus caffer, "Strepsiceros strepsiceros" = Tragelaphus strepsiceros, "Tragelaphus angasi" = Tragelaphus angasii, Taurotragus cf. oryx
cf. Oryx gazella Linnaeus 1758 gemsbok
Redunca darti Wells and Cooke 1956 reedbuck
Redunca fulvorufula Afzelius 1815 mountain reedbuck
originally entered as "Redunca fulvoufula"
Gazella gracilior gazelle
originally entered as "Gazella grcilior"
Aepyceros cf. melampus Lichtenstein 1812 impala
Damaliscus aff. albifrons antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: mak - species name from unique name
"cf. Gorgon taurinus" = Connochaetes taurinus Burchell 1823 blue wildebeest
Oreotragus major klipspringer
Makapania broomi Wells and Cooke 1956 antelope
cf. Syncerus caffer Sparman 1779 African buffalo
"Strepsiceros strepsiceros" = Tragelaphus strepsiceros Pallas 1766 greater kudu
"Tragelaphus angasi" = Tragelaphus angasii Gray 1849 nyala
Taurotragus cf. oryx Pallas 1766 common eland
 Artiodactyla - Hippopotamidae
Hippopotamus amphibius
Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus 1758 hippo
 Tribosphenida - Sivatheridae
Libytherium cf. olduvaiense
 Tribosphenida - Antilopidae
Strepsiceros cf. angasi
 Macroscelidea - Macroscelididae
Elephantulus antiquus, Elephantulus langi
Elephantulus antiquus elephant shrew
Elephantulus langi elephant shrew
Gazella vanhoepeni
  -
"Gazella vanhoepeni" = Phenacotragus vanhoepeni
"Gazella vanhoepeni" = Phenacotragus vanhoepeni Wells and Cooke 1956