Green Waterhole Cave (Pleistocene of Australia)

Also known as Fossil Cave

Where: South Australia, Australia (37.7° S, 140.5° E: paleocoordinates 37.7° S, 140.5° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

When: Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

• Karst production in this area, according to Marker, "has been promoted by late Quaternary marine fluctuations...". The cave shows no marine influence. The last marine incursion into the area at 124,000 Y.B.P., therefore, may be taken as a maximum age for the opening of the cave. The cavern probably opened in the latter half of the last glacial, based on the large proportion of extant species in the fossil avifauna. The maximum age of accumulation is anytime before 15,000 Y.B.P., which is the time of last occurrence of most mammalian megafauna.

Environment/lithology: sinkhole; lithology not reported

Size class: macrofossils

Collected by Brian Brawley; R. Wells in 1960s; 1979

• South Australian Museum (SAM)

Primary reference: R. F. Baird. 1985. Avian fossils from Quaternary deposits in 'Green Waterhole Cave', south-eastern South Australia . Records of the Australian Museum 37:353-370 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 136157: authorized by John Alroy, entered by Albert Garcia Selles on 20.11.2012, edited by Matthew Clapham

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Aves
 Gruiformes - Rallidae
"Gallinula mortierii" = Tribonyx mortierii
"Gallinula mortierii" = Tribonyx mortierii Du Bus de Gisignies 1840 Tasmanian nativehen
 Psittaciformes - Cacatuidae
Cacatuidae indet. Gray 1840 cockatoo
Cacatua tenuirostris Kuhl 1820 Long-billed corella
Calyptorhynchus lathami Temminck 1807 Glossy black-cockatoo
"Calyptorhynchus magnificus" = Calyptorhynchus banksii Latham 1790 Red-tailed black-cockatoo
Callocephalon fimbriatum Grant 1803 gang-gang cockatoo
 Psittaciformes - Psittaculidae
Platycercus sp. Vigors 1825 parrot
 Columbiformes - Columbidae
Phaps sp. Selby 1835 dove
Phaps chalcoptera Latham 1790 common bronzewing
 Cuculiformes - Cuculidae
Centropus colossus n. sp. Baird 1985 cuckoo
 Coraciiformes - Alcedinidae
Dacelo novaeguineae Hermann 1783 Laughing kookaburra
 Passeriformes - Orthonychidae
Orthonyx hypsilophus n. sp. Baird 1985 logrunner
 Passeriformes - Hirundinidae
Hirundinidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 swallow
 Passeriformes - Dasyornithidae
Dasyornis broadbenti McCoy 1867 rufous bristlebird
 Passeriformes - Meliphagidae
Manorina melanocephala Latham 1801 noisy miner
 Passeriformes - Corvidae
Corvus sp. Linnaeus 1758 crow
 Falconiformes - Falconidae
Falco cf. berigora Vigors and Horsfield 1827 Brown falcon
 Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Accipitridae "n. sp." Viellot 1816 hawk
Mammalia
 Diprotodontia -
Procoptodon gilli Merriless 1965 short-faced kangaroo
Metasthenurus newtonae n. gen. n. sp. Prideaux 2000 short-faced kangaroo
Simosthenurus maddocki Wells and Murray 1979 short-faced kangaroo
Simosthenurus occidentalis Glauert 1910 short-faced kangaroo