Vangaurd Cave (Pleistocene of Spain)

Where: Spain (36.1° N, 5.3° W: paleocoordinates 36.1° N, 5.3° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

Environment/lithology: cave; sandy gravel

Preservation: original aragonite, original calcite, original phosphate, anthropogenic

Primary reference: C. B. Stringer, J. C. Finlayson, R. N. E. Barton, Y. Fernandez-Jalvo, I. Caceres, R. C. Sabin, E. J. Rhodes, A. P. Currant, J. Rodriguez-Vidal, F. Giles-Pacheco, and J. A. Riquelme-Cantal. 2008. Neanderthal exploitation of marine mammals in Gibraltar. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105(38):14319-14324 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: archaeological analysis

PaleoDB collection 90036: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Mark Uhen on 01.07.2009

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Bivalvia
 Mytilida - Mytilidae
Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck 1819 mussel
Mammalia
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
Sus scrofa Linnaeus 1758 wild boar
 Cetacea - Delphinidae
Delphinidae indet. Gray 1821 dolphin
Tursiops truncatus Gray 1866 common bottlenose dolphin
Delphinus delphis Linnaeus 1758 short-beaked common dolphin
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
Cervus elaphus Linnaeus 1758 red deer
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Capra ibex Linnaeus 1758 Alpine ibex
 Carnivora - Felidae
Panthera pardus Linnaeus 1758 leopard
 Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Crocuta crocuta Erxleben 1777 spotted hyaena
 Carnivora - Phocidae
Monachus monachus Hermann 1779 Mediterranean monk seal
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursus arctos Linnaeus 1758 brown bear
 Carnivora - Canidae
Canis lupus Linnaeus 1758 gray wolf
Actinopteri
 Spariformes - Sparidae
Diplodus sargus
/vulgaris