PBDB Collection

Cutler Hammock (Pleistocene of the United States)

Also known as UF DA004

Where: Dade County, Florida (25.7° N, 80.4° W: paleocoordinates 25.8° N, 79.6° W)

• coordinate based on unpublished field data

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Rancholabrean mammal zone, Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

• isolated sinkhole deposit formed in Miami Limestone

Environment/lithology: sinkhole; poorly lithified, ferruginous, argillaceous, calcareous breccia

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: original phosphate, bone collector

Collected by Bob Carr et al. in 1985-1986; reposited in the FLMNH

Collection methods: bulk, sieve

Primary reference: S. D. Emslie and G. S. Morgan. 1995. Taphonomy of a late Pleistocene carnivore den, Dade County, Florida. In D. W. Steadman and J. I. Mead (eds.), Late Quaternary Environments and Deep History: A Tribute to Paul Martin 65-83 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taphonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 154722: authorized by Jonathan Bloch, entered by Richard Hulbert on 05.03.2014, edited by Grace Varnham

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Actinopteri
Amiiformes - Amiidae	Amia calva Amia calva Linnaeus 1766 bowfin
Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae	Lepisosteus sp. Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843 gar
Reptilia
Testudines - Emydidae	Terrapene carolina, Pseudemys sp. Terrapene carolina Linnaeus 1758 common box turtle Pseudemys sp. Gray 1856 cooter
Testudines - Testudinidae	"Hesperotestudo incisa" = Hesperotestudo turgida, Gopherus polyphemus "Hesperotestudo incisa" = Hesperotestudo turgida Cope 1892 turtle Gopherus polyphemus Daudin 1802 Florida gopher tortoise
Testudines - Kinosternidae	"Kinosternidae indet." = Kinosternoidea "Kinosternidae indet." = Kinosternoidea Hay 1892 mud turtle
Aves
Cathartiformes - Cathartidae	Coragyps atratus, Gymnogyps californianus Coragyps atratus Bechstein 1793 black vulture Gymnogyps californianus Shaw 1797 California condor
Ciconiiformes - Ciconiidae	Ciconia maltha Ciconia maltha Miller 1910 asphalt stork
Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae	Ardea herodias¹, Butorides virescens¹ Ardea herodias¹ Linnaeus 1758 great blue heron Butorides virescens¹ Linnaeus 1758 green heron
Pelecaniformes - Threskiornithidae	Eudocimus albus¹ Eudocimus albus¹ Linnaeus 1758 White ibis
Suliformes - Anhingidae	Anhinga anhinga¹ Anhinga anhinga¹ Linnaeus 1766 anhinga large sp.
Gaviiformes - Gaviidae	Gavia immer Gavia immer Brunnich 1764 Common loon
Passeriformes - Icteridae	"Icterinae indet." = Icteridae¹ "Icterinae indet." = Icteridae¹ Vigors 1825 perching bird
Passeriformes - Cardinalidae	Cardinalis cardinalis¹ Cardinalis cardinalis¹ Linnaeus 1758 northern cardinal
Passeriformes - Corvidae	cf. Pica pica¹, Corvus cf. brachyrhynchos¹, Corvus cf. ossifragus, cf. Protocitta dixi cf. Pica pica¹ Linnaeus 1758 Eurasian magpie Corvus cf. brachyrhynchos¹ Brehm 1822 American crow Corvus cf. ossifragus Wilson 1812 fish crow cf. Protocitta dixi Brodkorb 1957 jay
Anseriformes - Anatidae	Anas platyrhynchos, Mergus sp.¹, Oxyura jamaicensis Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus 1758 mallard Mergus sp.¹ Linnaeus 1758 merganser Oxyura jamaicensis Gmelin 1789 Ruddy duck
Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae	Podilymbus podiceps Podilymbus podiceps Linnaeus 1758 pied-billed grebe
Gruiformes - Rallidae	Rallus elegans¹, "Porphyrula martinica" = Porphyrio martinica¹, Fulica americana¹, Porzana carolina¹ Rallus elegans¹ Audubon 1834 king rail or could be Rallus longirostris "Porphyrula martinica" = Porphyrio martinica¹ Linnaeus 1766 purple gallinule Fulica americana¹ Gmelin 1789 American coot Porzana carolina¹ Linnaeus 1758 sora
Columbiformes - Columbidae	Ectopistes migratorius, Columba sp., Zenaida sp., Zenaida macroura Ectopistes migratorius Linnaeus 1758 passenger pigeon Columba sp. Linnaeus 1758 dove Zenaida sp. Bonaparte 1838 dove Zenaida macroura Linnaeus 1758 mourning dove
Piciformes - Picidae	Dryocopus sp., Colaptes auratus¹, Melanerpes sp.¹ Dryocopus sp. Boie 1826 woodpecker Colaptes auratus¹ Linnaeus 1758 northern flicker Melanerpes sp.¹ Swainson 1832 woodpecker
Strigiformes - Strigidae	"Otus asio" = Megascops asio, Strix varia, Bubo virginianus¹ "Otus asio" = Megascops asio Linnaeus 1758 eastern screech-owl Strix varia Barton 1799 barred owl Bubo virginianus¹ Gmelin 1788 great horned owl
Strigiformes - Tytonidae	Tyto alba Tyto alba Scopoli 1769 barn owl
Charadriiformes - Scolopacidae	Scolopax minor¹, Gallinago gallinago¹, Limnodromus scolopaceus¹ Scolopax minor¹ Gmelin 1789 American woodcock Gallinago gallinago¹ Linnaeus 1758 common snipe Limnodromus scolopaceus¹ Say 1822 long-billed dowitcher
Accipitriformes - Pandionidae	Pandion haliaetus¹ Pandion haliaetus¹ Linnaeus 1758 osprey
Accipitriformes - Accipitridae	Accipiter cooperii, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, Spizaetus grinnelli, Buteo sp., Buteo swainsoni¹, Buteo lineatus, Buteo cf. jamaicensis¹, Aquila chrysaetos¹ Accipiter cooperii Bonaparte 1828 Cooper's hawk Haliaeetus leucocephalus Linnaeus 1766 bald eagle Spizaetus grinnelli Miller 1911 hawk-eagle Buteo sp. de Lacepède 1799 hawk Buteo swainsoni¹ Bonaparte 1838 Swainson's hawk or could be B. lagopus Buteo lineatus Gmelin 1788 red-shouldered hawk Buteo cf. jamaicensis¹ Gmelin 1788 red-tailed hawk Aquila chrysaetos¹ Linnaeus 1758 golden eagle
Falconiformes - Falconidae	"Milvago readei" = Milvago chimachima, Polyborus plancus, Falco cf. peregrinus, Falco cf. columbarius, Falco sparverius¹ "Milvago readei" = Milvago chimachima Viellot 1816 yellow-headed caracara Polyborus plancus Miller 1777 southern caracara Falco cf. peregrinus Tunstall 1771 Peregrine falcon Falco cf. columbarius Linnaeus 1758 merlin Falco sparverius¹ Linnaeus 1758 American kestrel
Falconiformes - Vulturoidae	Teratornis merriami Teratornis merriami Miller 1909 Merriam's teratorn
Reptilia
Galliformes - Odontophoridae	Colinus virginianus Colinus virginianus Linnaeus 1758 northern bobwhite
Galliformes - Phasianidae	Meleagris gallopavo Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus 1758 wild turkey
Squamata - Polychrotidae	Anolis carolinensis Anolis carolinensis Voight 1832 green anole
Squamata - Crotalidae	Crotalus adamanteus Crotalus adamanteus Palisot de Beauvois 1799 eastern diamondback rattlesnake
Squamata - Colubridae	Colubridae sp. Colubridae sp. Oppel 1811 colubrid snake 5 spp. present
Mammalia
Didelphimorphia - Didelphidae	Didelphis virginiana Didelphis virginiana Kerr 1792 Virginia opossum
Chiroptera - Phyllostomidae	"Mormoops megalophylla" = Mormoops megaphylla "Mormoops megalophylla" = Mormoops megaphylla Peters 1864 leaf-nosed bat
Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae	Nycticeius humeralis, Eptesicus fuscus, Myotis austroriparius Nycticeius humeralis Rafinesque 1818 evening bat Eptesicus fuscus Beauvois 1796 big brown bat Myotis austroriparius Rhoads 1897 vesper bat
Cingulata - Dasypodidae	Dasypus bellus Dasypus bellus Simpson 1929 beautiful armadillo
Cingulata - Pampatheriidae	Holmesina septentrionalis Holmesina septentrionalis Leidy 1889 edentate
- Mylodontidae	Paramylodon harlani Paramylodon harlani Owen 1840 Harlan's ground sloth
Proboscidea - Mammutidae	Mammut americanum Mammut americanum Kerr 1792 American mastodon
Proboscidea - Elephantidae	Mammuthus columbi Mammuthus columbi Falconer 1857 Columbian mammoth
Carnivora - Canidae	Canis latrans, Urocyon cinereoargenteus, "Canis dirus" = Aenocyon dirus Canis latrans Say 1823 coyote Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schreber 1775 gray fox "Canis dirus" = Aenocyon dirus Leidy 1858 dire wolf MNI=42
Carnivora - Mustelidae	"Lontra canadensis" = Lontra canadensis, "Lutra canadensis" = Lontra canadensis² "Lontra canadensis" = Lontra canadensis Schreber 1776 North American river otter "Lutra canadensis" = Lontra canadensis² Schreber 1776 North American river otter
Carnivora - Mephitidae	Mephitis mephitis, Spilogale putorius Mephitis mephitis Schreber 1776 striped skunk Spilogale putorius Linnaeus 1758 eastern spotted skunk
Carnivora - Procyonidae	Procyon lotor Procyon lotor Linnaeus 1758 raccoon
Carnivora - Ursidae	Ursus americanus, Tremarctos floridanus Ursus americanus Pallas 1780 black bear Tremarctos floridanus Gidley 1928 Florida cave bear MNI=9
Carnivora - Felidae	Panthera onca, "Panthera atrox" = Panthera leo atrox, Puma concolor, Lynx rufus, Smilodon fatalis Panthera onca Linnaeus 1758 jaguar "Panthera atrox" = Panthera leo atrox Leidy 1853 lion Puma concolor Linnaeus 1771 puma Lynx rufus Schreber 1777 bobcat Smilodon fatalis Leidy 1868 saber-toothed cat
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Equus sp. Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758 horse 2 species reported based on size
Artiodactyla - Camelidae	Hemiauchenia macrocephala, Palaeolama mirifica Hemiauchenia macrocephala Cope 1893 camel Palaeolama mirifica Simpson 1929 stout-legged llama
Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae	Mylohyus nasutus, Platygonus compressus Mylohyus nasutus Leidy 1868 peccary MNI=75 adults and 24 juveniles Platygonus compressus Leconte 1848 peccary
Artiodactyla - Cervidae	Odocoileus virginianus Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann 1780 white-tailed deer
Artiodactyla - Bovidae	Bison antiquus Bison antiquus Leidy 1852 bison
Soricomorpha - Talpidae	Scalopus aquaticus Scalopus aquaticus Linnaeus 1758 eastern mole
Soricomorpha - Soricidae	Cryptotis parva Cryptotis parva Say 1823 North American least shrew
Lagomorpha - Leporidae	Sylvilagus floridanus Sylvilagus floridanus Allen 1890 eastern cottontail
Rodentia - Sciuridae	Glaucomys volans, Sciurus carolinensis, Sciurus niger Glaucomys volans Linnaeus 1758 southern flying squirrel Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin 1788 eastern gray squirrel Sciurus niger Linnaeus 1758 fox squirrel
Rodentia - Geomyidae	Geomys pinetis Geomys pinetis Rafinesque 1817 southeastern pocket gopher
Rodentia - Cricetidae	Peromyscus polionotus, Peromyscus gossypinus², Sigmodon hispidus, "Pitymys pinetorum" = Microtus pinetorum, Oryzomys palustris, Neofiber alleni, Neotoma floridana, Podomys floridanus Peromyscus polionotus Wagner 1843 oldfield mouse Peromyscus gossypinus² Le Conte 1853 cotton mouse Sigmodon hispidus Say and Ord 1825 hispid cotton rat "Pitymys pinetorum" = Microtus pinetorum Le Conte 1830 woodland vole Oryzomys palustris Harlan 1837 marsh rice rat Neofiber alleni True 1884 round-tailed muskrat Neotoma floridana Ord 1818 eastern woodrat Podomys floridanus Chapman 1889 Florida mouse
Amphibia
Caudata - Urodela	Siren sp., Amphiuma sp. Siren sp. Linnaeus 1766 siren Amphiuma sp. Garden 1821 amphiuma
Salientia - Eleutherodactylidae	cf. Eleutherodactylus sp. cf. Eleutherodactylus sp. Duméril and Bibron 1841 frog
Salientia - Ranidae	Rana sp. Rana sp. Linnaeus 1758 frog
Salientia - Hylidae	Hyla sp. Hyla sp. Laurenti 1768 tree frog
Salientia - Bufonidae	Bufo cf. terrestris Bufo cf. terrestris Bonnaterre 1789 Southern toad
Salientia - Pelobatidae	"Scaphiopus holbrooki" = Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) holbrooki "Scaphiopus holbrooki" = Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) holbrooki Harlan 1835 Eastern spadefoot toad

¹Emslie 1998; ²Morgan 2002