Porcupine cave (Pleistocene of the United States)

Where: Park County, Colorado (39.6° N, 105.8° W)

• Paleocoordinates: 39.8° N, 105.4° W (Wright 2013)

When: Irvingtonian (1.8 - 0.3 Ma)

• Deposits span age range between 1 Ma and 600 ka

Environment/lithology: cave; limestone

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Primary reference: S. D. Emslie. 2004. The early and middle Pleistocene avifauna from Porcupine Cave. In A. D. Barnosky (ed.), Biodiversity response to climate change in the middle Pleistocene; the Porcupine Cave fauna from Colorado 127-140 [M. Uhen/S. Alam/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 152653: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Shahed Alam on 29.11.2013, edited by Jonathan Marcot

Creative Commons license: CC0 (CC0)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
Mammalia
 Carnivora - Canidae
Canis latrans
Canis latrans Say 1823 coyote
Reptilia
 Galliformes - Phasianidae
Centrocercus urophasianus, Falcipennis canadensis, Dendragapus obscurus, "Lagopus leucurus" = Lagopus leucura
Centrocercus urophasianus Bonaparte 1827 greater sage-grouse
Falcipennis canadensis Linnaeus 1758 spruce grouse
Dendragapus obscurus Say 1823 dusky grouse
"Lagopus leucurus" = Lagopus leucura Richardson 1831 white-tailed ptarmigan
Aves
 Passeriformes - Icteridae
Agelaius phoeniceus
Agelaius phoeniceus Linnaeus 1766 red-winged blackbird
 Passeriformes - Corvidae
Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus, Pica hudsonia, Corvus brachyrhynchos, Corvus corax
Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus Wied-Neuwied 1841 pinyon jay
Pica hudsonia Sabine 1823 black-billed magpie
Corvus brachyrhynchos Brehm 1822 American crow
Corvus corax Linnaeus 1758 common raven
 Passeriformes - Sittidae
Sitta sp., Sitta carolinensis
Sitta sp. Linnaeus 1758 nuthatch
Sitta carolinensis Latham 1790 white-breasted nuthatch
 Passeriformes - Fringillidae
"Carpodacus cassinii" = Haemorhous cassinii, Leucosticte sp., Leucosticte tephrocotis, Leucosticte atrata
"Carpodacus cassinii" = Haemorhous cassinii Baird 1854 Cassin's finch
Leucosticte sp. Swainson 1832 finch
Leucosticte tephrocotis Swainson 1832 gray-crowned rosy-finch
Leucosticte atrata Ridgway 1874 black rosy-finch
 Passeriformes - Passerellidae
Melospiza lincolnii, Chondestes grammacus, Zonotrichia sp., Zonotrichia leucophrys, Junco hyemalis, Spizella breweri
Melospiza lincolnii Audubon 1834 Lincoln's sparrow
Chondestes grammacus Say 1823 lark sparrow
Zonotrichia sp. Swainson 1832 sparrow
Zonotrichia leucophrys Forster 1772 white-crowned sparrow
Junco hyemalis Linnaeus 1758 dark-eyed junco
Spizella breweri Cassin 1856 Brewer's sparrow
 Passeriformes - Alaudidae
Eremophila alpestris
Eremophila alpestris Linnaeus 1759 horned lark
 Passeriformes - Hirundinidae
Tachycineta bicolor
Tachycineta bicolor Vieillot 1808 tree swallow
 Passeriformes - Calcariidae
Calcarius sp., Calcarius ornatus, Calcarius lapponicus
Calcarius sp. Bechstein 1802 perching bird
Calcarius ornatus Townsend 1837 chestnut-collared longspur
Calcarius lapponicus Linnaeus 1758 lapland longspur
 Anseriformes - Anatidae
Anser sp., Aythya americana, Anas sp., Anas crecca
Anser sp. Linnaeus 1758 goose
Aythya americana Eyton 1838 redhead
Anas sp. Linnaeus 1758 dabbling duck
Anas crecca Linnaeus 1758 Eurasian teal
 Gruiformes - Rallidae
Rallus limicola, Porzana carolina
Rallus limicola Vieillot 1819 Virginia rail
Porzana carolina Linnaeus 1758 sora
 Piciformes - Picidae
Picoides villosus, Colaptes auratus
Picoides villosus Linnaeus 1766 hairy woodpecker
Colaptes auratus Linnaeus 1758 northern flicker
 Strigiformes - Strigidae
Bubo virginianus, "Nyctea scandiaca" = Bubo scandiacus, Asio sp.
Bubo virginianus Gmelin 1788 great horned owl
"Nyctea scandiaca" = Bubo scandiacus Linnaeus 1758 snowy owl
Asio sp. Brisson 1760 true owl
 Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae
Podiceps sp., Podilymbus podiceps
Podiceps sp. Latham 1787 grebe
Podilymbus podiceps Linnaeus 1758 pied-billed grebe
 Falconiformes - Falconidae
Falco sp., Falco sparverius
Falco sp. Linnaeus 1758 falcon
Falco sparverius Linnaeus 1758 American kestrel
 Charadriiformes - Laridae
Larus sp.
Larus sp. Linnaeus 1758 gull
 Charadriiformes - Scolopacidae
Numenius madagascariensis, Phalaropus lobatus
Numenius madagascariensis Linnaeus 1766 far eastern curlew
Phalaropus lobatus Linnaeus 1758 red-necked phalarope
 Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Aquila chrysaetos, Buteo sp.
Aquila chrysaetos Linnaeus 1758 golden eagle
Buteo sp. de Lacepède 1799 hawk