Córcoles (Miocene to of Spain)

Also known as Córcoles A and B

Where: Castile-La Mancha, Spain (40.5° N, 2.7° W: paleocoordinates 40.5° N, 4.1° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Córcoles Formation, Early/Lower Miocene to Early/Lower Miocene (23.0 - 11.6 Ma)

• MN4-5

Environment/lithology: lagoonal; poorly lithified, calcareous siliciclastic sediments

• The fossils accumulated under a high-energy regime in a rather dry lagoonal environment (Iñigo, 1994). The Córcoles locality is situated in the Madrid Basin that formed as a foreland basin of both, the Betic and the Pyrenee chains.
• The fossiliferous beds consist of marly material of various colour with strong lateral facies variation (Iñigo, 1994, Est. Geol. 50, 247-252).

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Primary reference: Z. Szyndlar and F. Alférez. 2005. Iberian snake fauna of the early/middle Miocene transition. Revista Española de Herpetología 19:57-70 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 136269: authorized by Johannes Mueller, entered by Torsten Liebrecht on 25.11.2012, edited by Juan Benito Moreno

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• The locality produced a lot of mammals. Also, the snake taxa listed have been mentioned by earlier authors (e.g. Szyndlar, 2000, PBDB reference no. 17389, and Szyndlar & Rage, 2003, PBDB reference no. 16853), but only previous identifications different from those of Szyndlar & Alférez (2005) are remarked.
unclassified
  -
Gastropoda
 Sorbeoconcha - Bithyniidae
Bithynia sp. Leach 1818 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Hydrobiidae
Hydrobia sp. Hartmann 1821 snail
 Heterostropha - Valvatidae
Valvata (Cincinna) sp. Ferussac 1821 snail
 Heterostropha - Planorbidae
Gyraulus sp. Charpentier 1837 snail
Ancylus sp. Müller 1774 snail
 Heterostropha - Lymnaeidae
Lymnaea sp. Lamarck 1799 snail
 Stylommatophora - Vertiginidae
Vertigo (Vertigo) sp. Müller 1773 slug
Ostracoda
 Podocopa -
Podocopa indet. ostracod
Various gen. and sp. indet.
Amphibia
 Salientia - Discoglossidae
Discoglossidae indet. Günther 1859 painted frog
 Salientia - Bufonidae
Bufo sp. Laurenti 1768 toad
Bufo cf. viridis Laurenti 1768 European green toad
 Salientia - Ranidae
Rana sp. Linnaeus 1758 frog
 Caudata - Urodela
Salamandridae indet. Gray 1825 newt
Mammalia
 Rodentia - Gliridae
Peridyromys cf. murinus Pomel 1853 dormouse
Armantomys aragonensis de Bruijn 1966 dormouse
Microdyromys koenigswaldi de Bruijn 1966 dormouse
 Rodentia - Sciuridae
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Megacricetodon minor Lartet 1851 mouse
Fahlbuschia koenigswaldi Freudenthal 1963 mouse
 Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae
 Theriamorpha - Soricidae
Sorex sp. Linnaeus 1758 long-tailed shrew
 Chiroptera - Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophidae indet. Gray 1825 horseshoe bat
Rhinolophus sp. Lacépède 1799 horseshoe bat
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinocerotidae indet. Gray 1821 rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Chalicotheriidae
cf. Chalicotherium sp. Kaup 1833 chalicothere
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Anchitherium aurelianense Cuvier 1825 anchitheriine horse
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
 Artiodactyla - Cainotheriidae
Cainotherium miocaenicum Crusafont-Pairo 1955 even-toed ungulate
 Artiodactyla - Palaeomerycidae
Palaeomeryx kaupi von Meyer 1834 ruminant
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
 Carnivora - Felidae
Felidae indet. Gray 1821 cat
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Amphicyon major De Blainville 1841 bear-dog
 Carnivora - Ailuridae
cf. Alopecocyon sp. Camp and Vanderhoof 1940 red panda
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
 Carnivora - Ursidae
 Pholidota - Patriomanidae
"? Teutomanis sp." = Necromanis
"? Teutomanis sp." = Necromanis Filhol 1894 pangolin
 Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Gomphotherium angustidens Burmeister 1837 gomphothere
Reptilia
 Testudines - Geoemydidae
Mauremys sp. Gray 1870 pond turtle
? Clemmydopsis sp. Boda 1927 turtle
 Squamata -
Scolecophidia indet. snake
identified as Typhlops by Alférez & Brea (1981)
 Squamata - Typhlopidae
Typhlops sp. Oppel 1811 blind snake
 Squamata -
Booidea indet. Gray 1825 snake
 Squamata - Boidae
Eryx sp. Daudin 1803 true sand boa
identified as Erycinae gen et sp. indet by Alférez & Brea (1981)
 Squamata - Elapidae
"Naja sp." = Naja, "Palaeonaja sp." = Naja
"Naja sp." = Naja Laurenti 1768 cobra
identified as Palaeonaja sp. by Alférez & Brea (1981)
"Palaeonaja sp." = Naja Laurenti 1768 cobra
 Squamata - Crotalidae
Vipera sp. Laurenti 1768 pit viper
"Oriental viper"
 Squamata - Colubridae
Colubridae indet. Oppel 1811 colubrid snake
identified as Colubrinae gen et sp. indet by Alférez & Brea (1981)
cf. Coluber sp. Linnaeus 1758 racer
 Squamata - Lacertidae
Lacerta sp. Linnaeus 1758 squamates
? Dracaenosaurus sp. Pomel 1846 squamates
? Pseudeumeces sp. Hoffstetter 1944 squamates
 Squamata - Gekkonidae
Gekkonidae indet. Gray 1825 gecko
 Squamata - Amphisbaenidae
Amphisbaenidae indet., "cf. Blanus sp." = Blanus, "? Omoiotyphlops sp." = Blanus
Amphisbaenidae indet. Gray 1865 worm lizard
"cf. Blanus sp." = Blanus Wagler 1830 worm lizard
"? Omoiotyphlops sp." = Blanus Wagler 1830 worm lizard
 Squamata - Varanidae
Varanus cf. hoffmanni Roger 1898 monitor lizard
 Squamata - Anguidae
Ophisaurus sp. Daudin 1803 glass lizard
 Crocodylia - Crocodylidae
Aves
 Aves -
Aves indet. bird
Other species indet.
 Galliformes - Phasianidae
Miophasianus sp. Lambrecht 1933 pheasant
Actinopteri
 Cypriniformes - Cyprinidae
Leuciscus sp. Cuvier 1817 carp-like fish
 Siluriformes - Siluridae
Siluridae indet. Cuvier 1816 catfish