Xiashan Cave, lower part (Guangdong Province) (Pleistocene to of China)

Where: Guangdong, China (22.8° N, 111.6° E: paleocoordinates 22.8° N, 111.6° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Middle Pleistocene to Middle Pleistocene (0.8 - 0.0 Ma)

• "The sediments of the site belong to cave accumulations..."

•late middle Pleistocene

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; unlithified, brown, yellow, sandy claystone

• cave deposits
• See stratigraphic column, Fig. 2

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collection methods: bulk,

• "...this fauna represents a new vertebrate assemblage of late middle Pleistocene in Xijiang River Valley."

•Museum: Guangdong Luoding bowuguan (Museum of Luoding in Guangdong)

Primary reference: W. Huang, F. Song, X. Guo and D. Chen. 1988. First discovery of Megalovis guangxiensis and Alligator cf. sinensis in Guangdong. Vertebrata PalAsiatica = Gujizhui Dongwu Xuebao 26(3):227-231 [J. Alroy/R. Whatley/J. Alroy]more details

PaleoDB collection 13293: authorized by John Alroy, entered by Robin Whatley on 15.02.2002, edited by Susanna Kümmell and John Alroy

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Mammalia
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
"Stegodon orientalis" = Stegodon insignis Falconer 1857 elephant
 Chiroptera - Hipposideridae
Hipposideros sp. Gray 1831 roundleaf bat
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinoceros sinensis Owen 1870 one-horned rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Megatapirus augustus Matthew and Granger 1923 tapir
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
Muntiacus cf. reevesi Ogliby 1839 muntjak
Cervus unicolor Kerr 1792 sambar
C. (Rufus) unicolor
Hydropotes sp. Swinhoe 1870 Chinese water deer
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bubalus bubalus water buffalo
Capricornis sumatraensis Linnaeus 1758 antelope
C. sumatraensis kanjereus
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
Sus scrofa Linnaeus 1758 wild boar
 Carnivora - Felidae
Panthera pardus Linnaeus 1758 leopard
Panthera tigris Linnaeus 1758 tiger
Lynx sp. Kerr 1792 lynx
 Carnivora - Viverridae
Paguma larvata Smith 1827 masked palm civet
Viverra cf. zibetha Linnaeus 1758 large Indian civet
 Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Crocuta crocuta Erxleben 1777 spotted hyaena
C. crocuta ultima
 Carnivora - Herpestidae
Herpestes cf. urva Hodgson 1836 crab-eating mongoose
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursus thibetanus Cuvier 1823 Asian black bear
Ailuropoda melanoleuca David 1869 giant panda
A. melanoleuca baconi
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Arctonyx collaris Cuvier 1825 hog badger
Lutra cf. lutra Linnaeus 1758 European otter
 Carnivora - Canidae
Cuon sp. Hodgson 1838 dhole
 Theriamorpha - Soricidae
Sorex sp.2 Linnaeus 1758 long-tailed shrew
Crocidura russula Herrmann 1780 Greater white-toothed shrew
 Rodentia - Hystricidae
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Eothenomys sp. Miller 1896 vole
 Rodentia - Muridae
Mus musculus Linnaeus 1758 house mouse
Rattus rattus Linnaeus 1758 black rat
 Primates - Hylobatidae
Hylobatidae indet.1, "Hylobates concolor" = Nomascus concolor3
Hylobatidae indet.1 Gray 1870 gibbon
"Hylobates concolor" = Nomascus concolor3 Harlan 1826 black crested gibbon
 Primates - Hominidae
Pongo pygmaeus Linnaeus 1760 Bornean orangutan
P. pygmaeus weidenreichi
 Primates - Cercopithecidae
Macaca sp. Lacépède 1799 macaque
Macaca thibetana3 Milne-Edwards 1870 Tibetan macaque
cf. Macaca assamensis3 MacClelland 1839 macaque
Macaca mulatta3 Zimmermann 1780 rhesus monkey
Trachypithecus francois3 lutung
(francoisi?)
Trachypithecus sp.3 Reichenbach 1862 lutung
cf. Trachypithecus phayrei3 Blyth 1847 Phayre's leaf monkey
originally entered as "cf. Trachypithecus phyrei"
Rhinopithecus sp.3 Milne-Edwards 1872 snub-nosed monkey
cf. Pygathrix nemaeus3 Linnaeus 1771 red-shanked douc
Reptilia
 Testudines - Trionychidae
Amyda sinensis softshell turtle
 Testudines - Emydidae
Chinemys reevesii Gray 1931 Chinese pond turtle
 Crocodylia - Alligatoridae
Alligator cf. sinensis Fauvel 1879 Chinese alligator