Azmaka 6 (Miocene of Bulgaria)

Also known as AZM 6

Where: Bulgaria (42.2° N, 25.3° E: paleocoordinates 42.0° N, 25.1° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

When: Turolian (8.7 - 5.3 Ma)

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; sandstone

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: N. Spassov, D. Geraads, L. Hristova, G. N. Markov, G. Merceron, T. Tzankov, K. Stoyanov, M. Bohme, and A. Dimitrova. 2012. A hominid tooth from Bulgaria: The last pre-human hominid of continental Europe. Journal of Human Evolution 62(1):138-145 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 208569: authorized by Evangelos Vlachos, entered by Evangelos Vlachos on 03.04.2020

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Cremohipparion cf. mediterraneum, Cremohipparion matthewi
Mammalia
 Primates - Cercopithecidae
Mesopithecus pentelicus
Mesopithecus pentelicus Wagner 1839 monkey
 Rodentia - Hystricidae
Hystrix primigenia
Hystrix primigenia Wagner 1848 porcupine
 Carnivora - Felidae
Paramachaerodus sp., cf. Metailurus major, Machairodus sp.
Paramachaerodus sp. Pilgrim 1913 cat
cf. Metailurus major Zdansky 1924 cat
Machairodus sp. Kaup 1833 cat
 Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Ictitherium sp., Plioviverrops orbignyi, Adcrocuta eximia
Ictitherium sp. Wagner 1848 hyaena
Plioviverrops orbignyi Gaudry and Lartet 1856 hyaena
Adcrocuta eximia Roth and Wagner 1854 hyaena
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
cf. Ceratotherium sp., Chilotherium sp.
cf. Ceratotherium sp. Gray 1868 white rhino
Chilotherium sp. Ringström 1924 rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Chalicotheriidae
Ancylotherium sp.
Ancylotherium sp. Gaudry 1863 chalicothere
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Hippotherium brachypus
Hippotherium brachypus hipparionine horse
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Gazella sp., Tragoportax sp., ? Miotragocerus gaudryi
Gazella sp. Blaineville 1816 gazelle
Tragoportax sp. Pilgrim 1937 antelope
? Miotragocerus gaudryi Kretzoi 1941 antelope
 Artiodactyla - Giraffidae
Palaeotragus sp., Helladotherium sp.
Palaeotragus sp. Gaudry 1861 giraffe
Helladotherium sp. Gaudry 1860 giraffe
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
cf. Pliocervus sp.
cf. Pliocervus sp. Hilzheimer 1922 deer
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
Microstonyx major
Microstonyx major Gervais 1848 pig
 Proboscidea -
Proboscidea indet.
Proboscidea indet. Illiger 1811 proboscidean
Reptilia
 Testudines - Testudinidae
Testudo marmorum
Testudo marmorum Gaudry 1862 turtle
Aves
 Aves -
Aves indet.