USNO - Brown Sands (Pliocene of Ethiopia)

Also known as ETE Locality 573, USNO - Brown Sands,

Where: Ethiopia (5.3° N, 36.2° E: paleocoordinates 5.1° N, 35.7° E)

• basin-level geographic resolution

When: max: zone min: zone zone, U-12 Member (USNO Formation), Pliocene (5.3 - 2.6 Ma)

• ETE dating method: time_unit, ETE age comment: Max = U - 11/12 boundary (paleomag), Min = U-14 (paleomag)

Environment/lithology: sandstone

• ETE sed env 1: fluvial, ETE sed env 2: channel ETE event: ., ETE env comment: fluvial-deltaic, marshes and swamps
• ETE rock type adj: unconsolidated, ETE lithology comments: gravelly, stratified coarse sand

Collection methods: surface (in situ)

• ETE Size: macro; ETE reference list: 415, 414, 412, 411, 409, 123, 121, 104, ; ETE museum list: BMNH: British Museum (Natural History), ENM, IPP, KNM, MNHN: Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, UCBE

Primary reference: F. C. Howell, L. S. Fichter, and G. Eck. 1969. Vertebrate assemblages from the Usno Formation, White Sands and Brown Sands localities, lower Omo basin, Ethiopia. Quaternaria 11:65-88 [J. Alroy/E. Leckey/E. Leckey]more details

PaleoDB collection 21755: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 30.08.1995, edited by John Damuth, Erin Leckey and Mark Uhen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Mammalia
 Rodentia - Hystricidae
Hystrix indet. Linnaeus 1758 porcupine
 Primates - Cercopithecidae
Paracolobus mutiwa2 Leakey 1982 monkey
Rhinocolobus turkanaensis2 Leakey 1982 monkey
 Primates - Hominidae
Hominidae indet. Gray 1825 ape
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Hominidae
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Diceros bicornis2 Linnaeus 1758 black rhinoceros
Ceratotherium simum2 Burchell 1821 white rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Hipparion sp.2 de Christol 1832 hipparionine horse
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
Suidae indet. Gray 1821 pig
"Notochoerus scotti" = Gerontochoerus scotti2 Leakey 1943 pig
Nyanzachoerus sp.2 Leakey 1958 pig
cf. Nyanzachoerus sp.2 Leakey 1958 pig
Nyanzachoerus kanamensis2 Leakey 1958 pig
Metridiochoerus jacksoni2 pig
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: sensu C+W
"Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus2 Hopwood 1926 giant forest hog
Kolpochoerus afarensis2 Cooke 1978 pig
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: sensu C+W
 Artiodactyla - Hippopotamidae
Hippopotamus protamphibius1 Arambourg 1944 hippo
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bovidae indet.2 Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Antilopini
Bovidae indet.2 Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Alcelaphini
Bovidae indet.2 Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovini
Tragelaphus nakuae2 Arambourg 1941 antelope
 Artiodactyla - Giraffidae
Giraffidae indet. Gray 1821 giraffe
 Carnivora - Felidae
Panthera cf. pardus2, "Felis caracal" = Caracal caracal2
Panthera cf. pardus2 Linnaeus 1758 leopard
"Felis caracal" = Caracal caracal2 Schreber 1776 caracal
 Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Hyaena sp.2 Brisson 1762 hyaena
 Carnivora - Viverridae
Viverra leakeyi2 Petter 1963 civet
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Lutra sp.2 Brisson 1762 otter
Enhydriodon sp.2 Falconer 1868 otter
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: sp.nov.
 Proboscidea - Deinotheriidae
"Deinotherium indet." = Dinotherium
"Deinotherium indet." = Dinotherium Kaup 1825 deinothere
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Elephas ekorensis2 Maglio 1970 elephant