Makapansgat - general (Pliocene of South Africa)

Also known as ETE Locality 1164, Makapansgat - general,

Where: South Africa (24.2° S, 29.0° E: paleocoordinates 24.3° S, 28.6° E)

When: Makapansgat Formation, Late/Upper Pliocene (3.6 - 2.6 Ma)

• ETE dating method: time_unit, ETE age comment: "Fauna/paleomag data sugg age=~3.0 Ma,w/range=3.32-2.6 Ma"

Environment/lithology: cave; breccia

• ETE sed env 1: trap, ETE sed env 2: cave ETE event: ., ETE env comment: depos in quiet pools
• ETE rock type adj: ., ETE lithology comments: breccia of slty/cly/sndy loam

Collection methods: ETE Size: macro; ETE reference list: 933, ; ETE museum list:

Primary reference: P. M. Butler and M. Greenwood. 1976. Elephant Shrews (Macroscelididae) from Olduvai and Makapansgat. Fossil Vertebrates of Africa 4:1-50 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 22340: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 23.08.1999, edited by John Damuth

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Chrysotricha hamiltoni, Peloroceras helmei, Griquatherium cingulatum
Mammalia
 Macroscelidea - Macroscelididae
Elephantulus antiquus, Elephantulus langi
Elephantulus antiquus elephant shrew
Elephantulus langi elephant shrew
 Primates - Cercopithecidae
Cercopithecoides broomi, Parapapio spp., Parapapio jonesi, Parapapio whitei, Parapapio broomi, "Simopithecus darti" = Theropithecus
Parapapio spp. Jones 1937 monkey
Parapapio jonesi Broom 1940 monkey
Parapapio whitei Broom 1940 monkey
Parapapio broomi Jones 1937 monkey
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: or whitei
"Simopithecus darti" = Theropithecus gelada
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: darti
 Primates - Hominidae
Australopithecus africanus
Australopithecus africanus Dart 1925 australopithecine
originally entered as "Austrlopithecus africanus"
 Carnivora - Canidae
Vulpes sp., "cf. Canis mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas, "Canis cf. adustus" = Schaeffia adusta
Vulpes sp. Frisch 1775 fox
"cf. Canis mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas Schreber 1775 black-backed jackal
ETE occurrence; species: pappos
"Canis cf. adustus" = Schaeffia adusta Sundevall 1847 side-striped jackal
 Carnivora - Felidae
Megantereon gracile, Machairodus darti, Therailurus barlowi, aff. Felis cafra, Felis libyca, "Felis aff. issiodorensis" = Lynx issiodorensis, cf. Leptailurus spelaeus, Acinonyx jubatus, "Felis serval" = Caracal serval, "Felis caracal" = Caracal caracal, "aff. Caracal caracal" = Caracal caracal
aff. Felis cafra cat
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: aff. Felis cafra
Felis libyca Forster 1780 African wildcat
"Felis aff. issiodorensis" = Lynx issiodorensis Croizet and Jobert 1828 lynx
ETE occurrence; species: mak - species name from unique name
Acinonyx jubatus Schreber 1775 cheetah
"Felis serval" = Caracal serval Schreber 1776 serval
"Felis caracal" = Caracal caracal Schreber 1776 caracal
"aff. Caracal caracal" = Caracal caracal Schreber 1776 caracal
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: aff. Caracal caracal
 Carnivora - Herpestidae
Cynictis penicillata
Cynictis penicillata Cuvier 1829 yellow mongoose
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: brachyodon
 Tribosphenida - Sivatheridae
Libytherium cf. olduvaiense
 Tribosphenida - Antilopidae
Strepsiceros cf. angasi
 Artiodactyla - Hippopotamidae
Hippopotamus amphibius
Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus 1758 hippo
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Oreotragus major, Cephalophus caerulus, Cephalophus pricei, Gazella gracilior, Redunca arudinum, Redunca fulvorufula, Redunca darti, Aepyceros cf. melampus, cf. Oryx gazella, "cf. Gorgon taurinus" = Connochaetes taurinus, cf. Alcelaphus robustus, Damaliscus aff. albifrons, Makapania broomi, cf. Syncerus caffer, Taurotragus cf. oryx, "Strepsiceros strepsiceros" = Tragelaphus strepsiceros, "Tragelaphus angasi" = Tragelaphus angasii
Oreotragus major klipspringer
Gazella gracilior gazelle
originally entered as "Gazella grcilior"
Redunca fulvorufula Afzelius 1815 mountain reedbuck
originally entered as "Redunca fulvoufula"
Redunca darti Wells and Cooke 1956 reedbuck
Aepyceros cf. melampus Lichtenstein 1812 impala
cf. Oryx gazella Linnaeus 1758 gemsbok
"cf. Gorgon taurinus" = Connochaetes taurinus Burchell 1823 blue wildebeest
Damaliscus aff. albifrons antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: mak - species name from unique name
Makapania broomi Wells and Cooke 1956 antelope
cf. Syncerus caffer Sparman 1779 African buffalo
Taurotragus cf. oryx Pallas 1766 common eland
"Strepsiceros strepsiceros" = Tragelaphus strepsiceros Pallas 1766 greater kudu
"Tragelaphus angasi" = Tragelaphus angasii Gray 1849 nyala
 Artiodactyla - Giraffidae
Giraffa camelopardalis
Giraffa camelopardalis Linnaeus 1758 giraffe
originally entered as "Giraffa cameleopardalis"
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
"Potamochoeroides shawi" = Metridiochoerus shawi, "Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus, "cf. Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus
"Potamochoeroides shawi" = Metridiochoerus shawi Dale 1948 pig
"Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus Hopwood 1926 giant forest hog
"cf. Notochoerus euilus" = Hylochoerus euilus Hopwood 1926 giant forest hog
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinocerotidae indet., Ceratotherium simum, Diceros bicornis
Rhinocerotidae indet. Gray 1821 rhinoceros
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Ceratotherium simum or D. bicornis
Ceratotherium simum Burchell 1821 white rhinoceros
Diceros bicornis Linnaeus 1758 black rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus helmei, "cf. Stylohipparion steytleri" = Hipparion
"cf. Stylohipparion steytleri" = Hipparion hipparionine horse
Gazella vanhoepeni
  -
"Gazella vanhoepeni" = Phenacotragus vanhoepeni
"Gazella vanhoepeni" = Phenacotragus vanhoepeni Wells and Cooke 1956