PBDB Collection

Quaranwala Zone, near Chandigarh (Pliocene of India)

Where: India (29.0° N, 80.0° E: paleocoordinates 27.8° N, 80.3° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Late/Upper Pliocene (3.6 - 2.6 Ma)

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; poorly lithified, conglomeratic conglomerate

• large boulder conglomerate

Size class: mesofossils

Primary reference: G.L. Badam. 1977. Fossil mammals of the Upper Siwalik and the problem of the boundary between the Neogene and the Quaternary system in India. Bulletin of the Commission for the Study of the Quaternary Period (47)37-44 [J. Hunter/D. Ehrenburg/J. Hunter]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 39209: authorized by John Hunter, entered by Dina Ehrenburg on 23.05.2004, edited by Philip Mannion and Hannah O'Regan

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Mammalia
Proboscidea - Elephantidae	Mammuthus sp.² Mammuthus sp.² Brookes 1828 mammoth
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Equus sivalensis, Hipparion antelopinum Equus sivalensis Falconer and Cautley 1849 horse Hipparion antelopinum hipparionine horse
Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae	Chilotherium intermedium, Rhinoceros palaeindicus, Rhinoceros sivalensis Chilotherium intermedium Heissig 1972 rhinoceros Rhinoceros palaeindicus Falconer and Cautley 1847 one-horned rhinoceros Rhinoceros sivalensis Falconer and Cautley 1847 one-horned rhinoceros
Artiodactyla - Camelidae	Camelus sp. Camelus sp. Linnaeus 1758 camel
Artiodactyla - Bovidae	Proamphibos sp., Bubalus sp., Bison sp., Bos sp., Hemibos sp., Leptobos sp. Proamphibos sp. Pilgrim 1939 antelope Bubalus sp. Hamilton-Smith 1827 water buffalo Bison sp. Hamilton-Smith 1827 bison Bos sp. Linnaeus 1758 ox Hemibos sp. Falconer 1865 antelope Leptobos sp. Rutimeyer 1878 antelope
Artiodactyla - Cervidae	Cervus sp. Cervus sp. Linnaeus 1758 deer
Reptilia
Crocodylia - Gavialidae	Gavialis browni Gavialis browni Mook 1932 gharial
Crocodylia - Crocodylidae	Crocodylus sp.¹, Crocodylus sp.¹ Crocodylus sp.¹ Laurenti 1768 crocodile PU A/683 Crocodylus sp.¹ Laurenti 1768 crocodile PU A/684
Testudines - Testudinidae	"Colossochelys atlas" = Megalochelys sivalensis "Colossochelys atlas" = Megalochelys sivalensis Falconer and Cautley 1837 turtle
Testudines - Geoemydidae	"Geoclemys sivalensis" = Geoclemys hamiltonii "Geoclemys sivalensis" = Geoclemys hamiltonii Gray 1831 Spotted pond turtle

¹Chabrol et al. 2024; ²McKenna and Bell 1997