Main vertebrate spot (Pliocene of Libya)

Where: Libya (32.7° N, 14.0° E: paleocoordinates 32.6° N, 13.8° E)

• coordinate stated in text

When: Zanclean (5.3 - 3.6 Ma)

• early Pliocene

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: lagoonal; coarse-grained, pebbly sandstone

• coarse-grained sand to fine-grained conglomerate

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: T. Pawellek, S. Adnet, H. Cappetta, E. Metais, M. Salem, M. Brunet, and J.-J. Jaeger. 2012. Discovery of an earliest Pliocene relic tropical fish fauna in a newly detected cliff section (Sabratah Basin, NW Libya). Neues Jahrbuch for Geologie und Palaontologie Abhandlungen 266(2):93-114 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 136597: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Mark Uhen on 30.11.2012

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
Actinopteri
 Istiophoriformes - Sphyraenidae
Sphyraenidae indet.
 Tetraodontiformes - Diodontidae
cf. Diodon sp.
cf. Diodon sp. Linnaeus 1758
or Chilomycterus sp.
 Labriformes - Labridae
Labridae indet.
Labridae indet. Cuvier 1816
 Perciformes - Sparidae
? Archosargus sp.
? Archosargus sp. Gill 1865 perch-like fish
Mammalia
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Elephantidae indet.
Elephantidae indet. Gray 1821 elephant
 Sirenia -
Sirenia indet.
Sirenia indet. Illiger 1811 sirenian
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equidae indet.
Equidae indet. Gray 1821 horse
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinocerotidae indet.
Rhinocerotidae indet. Gray 1821 rhinoceros
Chondrichthyes
 Myliobatiformes - Aetobatidae
Aetobatus sp.
Aetobatus sp. Blainville 1816 stingray
 Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae
Dasyatis cf. centroura, Dasyatis cf. pastinaca, Taeniura sp.
Dasyatis cf. centroura Mitchill 1814 whiptail stingray
Dasyatis cf. ? centroura
Dasyatis cf. pastinaca Linnaeus 1758 whiptail stingray
Taeniura sp. Miller and Henle 1837 whiptail stingray
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Pteromylaeus sp., Myliobatis sp.
Pteromylaeus sp. Garman 1913 bull ray
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816 eagle ray
 Rhinopristiformes - Rhynchobatidae
Rhynchobatus sp.
Rhynchobatus sp. Müller and Henle 1837 wedgefish
 Rhinopristiformes - Pristidae
Anoxypristis sp.
Anoxypristis sp. White and Moy-Thomas 1941 sawfish
 Rajiformes - Rhinobatidae
Rhinobatos sp.
Rhinobatos sp. Link 1790 guitarfish
 Lamniformes - Lamnidae
"Cosmopolitodus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis, Carcharodon carcharias, Isurus aff. oxyrinchus
"Cosmopolitodus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis Agassiz 1838 white shark
Carcharodon carcharias Linnaeus 1758 great white shark
Isurus aff. oxyrinchus Rafinesque 1810 mackerel shark
 Lamniformes - Carchariidae
Carcharias aff. taurus
Carcharias aff. taurus Rafinesque 1810 sand shark
 Lamniformes - Alopiidae
Alopias aff. vulpinus
Alopias aff. vulpinus Bonnaterre 1788 thresher shark
 Lamniformes - Otodontidae
"Megaselachus megalodon" = Otodus megalodon
"Megaselachus megalodon" = Otodus megalodon Agassiz 1835 megalodon
Also studied in Pimiento and Balk
 Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae
Galeocerdo cuvier
Galeocerdo cuvier Peron and LeSueur 1822 tiger shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Rhizoprionodon aff. acutus, Negaprion aff. brevirostris, Carcharhinus sp.
Negaprion aff. brevirostris Poey 1868 lemon shark
Carcharhinus sp. de Blainville 1816 requiem shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Sphyrnidae
Sphyrna sp., Sphyrna aff. zygaena
Sphyrna sp. Rafinesque 1810 hammerhead shark
Sphyrna aff. zygaena Linnaeus 1758 hammerhead shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Scyliorhinidae
Scyliorhinus sp.
Scyliorhinus sp. Blainville 1816 cat shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Hemigaleidae
? Paragaleus sp., Hemipristis serra
? Paragaleus sp. Budker 1935 ground shark
or ? Chaenogaleus sp.
Hemipristis serra Agassiz 1835 ground shark