Denmark Hill Insect Bed (Dunstan 1909 collection) (Triassic of Australia)

Where: Queensland, Australia (27.6° S, 152.8° E: paleocoordinates 58.6° S, 101.0° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Blackstone Formation (Ipswich Coal Measures Group), Norian (228.0 - 208.5 Ma)

• Insect bed is about 50 feet above the Bluff coal seam and 50 feet below the Aberdare coal seam. Fossil bed is 15 cm thick. Purdy & Cranfield (2013) reported an unpublished SHRIMP date of 226±2 Ma for the Brisbane Tuff. Therefore, the Blackstone Formation may be considered younger than 226 Ma in absolute age. Thus, the Ipswich Coal Measures above the Brisbane Tuff, which is to say, the succession from the Mount Crosby Formation to the top of the Blackstone Formation must now be considered Norian.

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: pond; lithified, sandy siltstone

• Interbedded sandstones and mudstones accumulated on levees bordering channels and graded laterally into floodplains where carbonaceous mudstones accumulated with thin crevasse splay sandstone beds.

•Ipswich basin; transtensional rift in intermontane setting. Basin geometry affected by strike-slip movement along West Ipswich fault. Ipswich coal measures deposited near end of rifting phase.

• "The fossil insect bed of finely arenaceous shale. Near the outcrop the bed is of a brownish grey colour with iron-stained joints and planes." Dunstan, 1916 Fresher rock is a greenish grey colour.

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: mold/impression, adpression

Collected by Dunstan in 1909

Primary reference: R. J. Tillyard and B. Dunstan. 1916. Mesozoic and Tertiary Insects of Queensland and New South Wales. Descriptions of the fossil Insects and stratigraphical features. Queensland Geological Survey (253)1-63 [M. Clapham/J. Karr/R. Day]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 111777: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Jered Karr on 28.06.2011, edited by Matthew Clapham

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Insecta
 Eoblattida - Mesorthopteridae
Mesorthopteron locustoides n. gen. n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 insect
GSQI 5ab;
 Dicondylia -
Odonata indet.2 Fabricius 1793 dragonfly
GSQI 6
 Odonata - Mesomantidiidae
Mesomantidion queenslandicum n. gen. n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 dragonfly
GSQI 1
 Dicondylia - Mesophlebiidae
Mesophlebia antinodalis n. gen. n. sp.2
Mesophlebia antinodalis n. gen. n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 winged insect
GSQI 3 (now NHMUK In.33279)
 Hemiptera - Dunstaniidae
Dunstania pulchra n. gen. n. sp.2
Dunstania pulchra n. gen. n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 true bug
GSQI 2
 Hemiptera - Mesogereonidae
Mesogereon neuropunctatum n. gen. n. sp.2
Mesogereon neuropunctatum n. gen. n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 true bug
GSQI 19
 Hemiptera - Archijassidae
Mesojassus ipsviciensis n. gen. n. sp.2
Mesojassus ipsviciensis n. gen. n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 true bug
GSQI 33
 Hemiptera - Hylicellidae
"Mesocixiodes brachyclada" = Mesocixiodes termioneura3
"Mesocixiodes brachyclada" = Mesocixiodes termioneura3 Tillyard 1922 true bug
GSQI 4
 Dicondylia -
Blattodea indet.2 Latreille 1810 cockroach
GSQI 7
 Blattodea - Mylacridae
Austromylacrites latus n. gen. n. sp.2
Austromylacrites latus n. gen. n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 cockroach
GSQI 8
 Coleoptera - Trachypachidae
Ademosynoides striatella n. sp.1, "Ademosyne minor" = Ademosynoides minor2, "Ademosyne obtusa n. sp." = Ademosynoides obtusa2, "Ademosyne angusta n. sp." = Ademosynoides angusta2
Ademosynoides striatella n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 false ground beetle
GSQI 16
"Ademosyne minor" = Ademosynoides minor2 Handlirsch 1906 false ground beetle
GSQI 38,39
"Ademosyne obtusa n. sp." = Ademosynoides obtusa2 Tillyard 1916 false ground beetle
GSQI 9
"Ademosyne angusta n. sp." = Ademosynoides angusta2 Tillyard 1916 false ground beetle
GSQI 15 (not 16, now Ademosynoides striatella)
 Coleoptera - Buprestidae
Mesostigmodera typica2 Etheridge and Olliff 1890 jewel beetle
GSQI 61
 Coleoptera - Schizocoleidae
"Mesothoris quadripartita" = Mesolobites quadripartita1
"Mesothoris quadripartita" = Mesolobites quadripartita1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQI 51 (formerly M. clathrata in Tillyard, 1916)
 Coleoptera -
Tillyardiopsis variotuberculata n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQI 66
 Coleoptera - Taldycupedidae
Mesothoris clathrata n. gen. n. sp.2, Mesothoris grandis n. sp.1
Mesothoris clathrata n. gen. n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 beetle
GSQI 48,49 (not 51, now M. quadripartita)
Mesothoris grandis n. sp.1 Dunstan 1923 beetle
GSQI 54
 Coleoptera - Ademosynidae
Ademosyne olliffi2 Handlirsch 1906 beetle
GSQI 35
Ademosyne major2 Handlirsch 1906 beetle
GSQI 36,10 (not 44, A. australiensis)
Ademosyne punctata n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 beetle
GSQI 47
Ademosyne cameroni n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 beetle
GSQI 46
Ademosyne australiensis n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 beetle
GSQI 12,13,43, 44 (A. major in Tillyard, 1916 according to Dunstan, 1923)
Ademosyne congener n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 beetle
GSQI 40,41,42
 Coleoptera -
Ulomites willcoxi n. gen. n. sp.2
Ulomites willcoxi n. gen. n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 beetle
GSQI 50
 Coleoptera - Permosynidae
"Ademosyne tumida n. sp." = Platycrossos tumidus2
"Ademosyne tumida n. sp." = Platycrossos tumidus2 Tillyard 1916 beetle
GSQI 45
 Mecoptera - Permochoristidae
Mesochorista proavita n. gen. n. sp.2
Mesochorista proavita n. gen. n. sp.2 Tillyard 1916 scorpionfly
AM F39231 (Dunstan 32); F39230(29371) in Riek, 1956 (Dunstan coll, arbitrarily placed here)
Peltaspermopsida
 Peltaspermales - Umkomasiaceae
"Stenopteris elongata" = Rhaphidopteris
"Stenopteris elongata" = Rhaphidopteris
very common
Gymnospermopsida
 Corystospermales - Corystospermaceae
Beania geminata, "Sphenopteris superba" = Dicroidium superbum, "Stachyopitys annularioides" = Pteruchus johnstonii
Beania geminata Shirley 1898
very common
"Sphenopteris superba" = Dicroidium superbum Shirley 1898
common
"Stachyopitys annularioides" = Pteruchus johnstonii Feistmantel 1890
rare
Sphenopteridae
  - Sphenopteridae
Sphenopteris baileyana Tenison-Woods 1898
rare
Cycadopsida
 Cycadales -
Taeniopteris daintreei cycads
very rare
 Pteridospermales -
Thinnfeldia indica Feistmantel 1876 cycads
very common
Thinnfeldia cf. indica Feistmantel 1876 cycads
variety media; common
Thinnfeldia odontopteroides Morris 1845 cycads
very common
Ginkgoopsida
 Ginkgoales - Ginkgoaceae
Ginkgo bidens ginkgo
common
Ginkgo antartica ginkgo
common
Ginkgo simmondsi ginkgo
rare
 Bennettitales -
Polypodiopsida
 Marattiales - Marattiidae
 Gleicheniales - Polypodiidae
 Equisetales - Equisetidae
Pteridopsida
 Filicales -