F 1/89, Wadi Abu Hashim (Cretaceous to of Sudan)

Where: Ash Shamaliyah, Sudan (16.7° N, 31.1° E: paleocoordinates 0.9° N, 25.4° E)

• coordinate stated in text

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Wadi Milk Formation, Campanian to Campanian (83.6 - 66.0 Ma)

• Originally considered as Cenomanian, but now thought to be dated to the Campanian–Maastrichtian (Klein et al., 2016, and references therein)

•Agyemang et al. 2019: A maximum depositional age of 79.2 ± 2.4 Ma is demonstrated herein for the youngest detrital zircon population in the Wadi Milk Formation

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fluvial-lacustrine; coarse-grained sandstone and fine-grained siltstone

• "The Wadi Milk Formation is dominated by sediments of braided rivers and sandy braided-meandering river systems...The sedimentary sequence is interpreted as deposits of meandering rivers with dominating flood plain and lacustrine environments, minor fluviatile intercalation and rare paleosols."
• "fine grained siltsones, sandstones, and corase cross-bedded sandstones"

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collected in 1989-

Collection methods: quarrying, surface (float), surface (in situ), mechanical,

Primary reference: E. Buffetaut, R. Bussert, and W. Brinkman. 1990. A new nonmarine vertebrate fauna in the Upper Cretaceous of northern Sudan. Berliner Geowissenschaftlische Abhandlungen A 120(1):183-202 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/M. Carrano]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 38682: authorized by Matthew Carrano, entered by Matthew Carrano on 28.04.2004, edited by Roger Benson and Philip Mannion

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Chondrichthyes
 Hybodontiformes - Hybodontidae
Hybodus sp.6 Agassiz 1834 elasmobranch
 Hybodontiformes - Acrodontidae
cf. Asteracanthus aegyptiacus7 Stromer 1927 elasmobranch
 Euselachii -
Rajiformes indet.7 Berg 1940 ray
"n. gen., n. sp."
Osteichthyes
 Dipnoi - Ceratodontidae
"Protopterus humei" = Ceratodus humei6, "Neoceratodus tuberculatus" = Ceratodus tuberculatus6
"Protopterus humei" = Ceratodus humei6 Priem 1914 lungfish
"Neoceratodus tuberculatus" = Ceratodus tuberculatus6 Tabaste 1963 lungfish
 Ceratodontiformes - Lepidosirenidae
Protopterus sp.7 Agassiz 1843 african lungfish
"n. sp."
Protopterus protopteroides6 Tabaste 1962 african lungfish
Amphibia
 Gymnophiona -
Gymnophiona indet.7 Rafinesque 1814 caecilian
MCM Vb-659, 660, 661, 781 (trunk vertebrae)
 Salientia -
 Caudata - Urodela
Kababisha indet.1 Evans et al. 1996 siren
TUB-sFB-69 Vb-805, 808-809 (caudal vertebrae)
Kababisha sudanensis n. sp.1 Evans et al. 1996 siren
TUB-SFB-69 Vb-793 (holotype atlantal centrum) and referres specimens: Vb-797-799, 801 (atlantal centra), Vb 815-816 (trunk vertebrae)
Kababisha humarensis n. gen. n. sp.1 Evans et al. 1996 siren
TUB-SFB-69 Vb-791 (holotype atlantal centrum), paratypes: Vb-782 (lleft dentary), Vb-788 (basi-exoccipital), Vb-800 atlas, Vb-802-3 (trunk centra), Vb 806 (trunk neural arch). Referred material: Vb 783-787, 789-790, 792, 794-796, 804, 807 and uncatalogued material in TUB-SFB-69.
Reptilia
 Testudines - Podocnemididae
Podocnemididae indet.3 Cope 1868 sideneck turtle
Erymnochelyinae indet.7 Broin 1988 sideneck turtle
 Testudines -
"Chelonia indet." = Testudines
"Chelonia indet." = Testudines Batsch 1788 turtle
TUB-SFB69 Vb-596–598
 Serpentes -
 Squamata - Lapparentopheidae
"? Lapparentophiidae indet." = Lapparentopheidae3
"? Lapparentophiidae indet." = Lapparentopheidae3 Hoffstetter 1959 snake
 Squamata - Madtsoiidae
Madtsoiidae indet.3 Hoffstetter 1961 snake
 Squamata - Nigerophiidae
? Nigerophiidae indet.3 Rage 1975 snake
Paleophiidae/Nigerophiidae lineage
 Squamata - Russellophiidae
? Russellophiidae indet.3 Rage 1978 snake
 Squamata - Aniliidae
? Aniliidae indet.3 Fitzinger 1826 pipe snake
 Squamata -
 Loricata -
 Loricata - Dyrosauridae
Dyrosauridae indet. crocodilian
TUB-SFB69 Vb-599, 601
 Loricata -
Machimosaurus sp.7 marine crocodile
 Dinosauria -
Dinosauria indet.3 dinosaur
TUB-SFB69 Vb-722, 851, 855
 Ornithischia -
Ornithopoda indet.5 ornithopod
TUB-SFB69 Vb-854
 Ornithischia - Hypsilophodontidae
Hypsilophodontidae indet.3 hypsilophodontid
TUB-SFB69 Vb-936
 Ornithischia -
? Iguanodon sp.3 Mantell 1825 ornithopod
also referred to as "Iguanodontidae indet."; TUB-SFB69 Vb-850
cf. Ouranosaurus sp.3 Taquet 1972 ornithopod
TUB-SFB69 Vb-723, 853
 Theropoda -
Theropoda indet. theropod
TUB-SFB69 Vb-607, 852, 874a, 874b
? Coelurosauria indet.3 coelurosaur
TUB-SFB69 Vb-839
 Theropoda - Dromaeosauridae
Dromaeosauridae indet.4 Colbert and Russell 1969 maniraptoran
Velociraptorinae indet.3 Barsbold 1983 maniraptoran
TUB-SFB69 Vb-713, 714, 860, 866, 868, 875
 Theropoda - Ornithomimidae
? Ornithomimidae indet.3 Marsh 1890 ornithomimid
 Theropoda - Carcharodontosauridae
Carcharodontosauridae indet.3 Stromer 1931 allosauroid
TUB-SFB69 Vb-717, 870
? Carcharodontosauridae indet.5 Stromer 1931 allosauroid
Bahariasaurus/Carcharodontosaurus; TUB-SFB69 Vb-718, 849, 871, 873
 Saurischia -
Sauropoda indet.7 sauropod
TUB-SFB69 Vb-719, 845-848, 878, 895, 896
Somphospondyli indet.2 Wilson and Sereno 1998 sauropod
TUB-SFB69 Vb-856, 857, 879, 884, 892
 Saurischia - Titanosauridae
Titanosauridae indet. Lydekker 1885 titanosaurid
Pisces
  -
"Pisces indet." = Osteichthyes6
"Pisces indet." = Osteichthyes6 Huxley 1880 bony fish
spiral coprolite - selachian, dipnoan, or gar
Actinopteri
 Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae
Lepisosteidae indet.7 Cuvier 1825 gar
 Osteoglossiformes - Osteoglossidae
Osteoglossidae indet.7 Bonaparte 1832 arowana
 Teleostei -
Cladistia
 Polypteriformes - Polypteridae