Pipas 2 and Pipas 1 (Pleistocene of Angola)

Where: Angola (14.9° S, 12.2° E: paleocoordinates 14.9° S, 12.2° E)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Middle Pleistocene (0.8 - 0.1 Ma)

• Middle, or, possibly, middle/late, Pleistocene (between ~125,000 (MIS 5e) and ~250,000 yr old)

Environment/lithology: shallow subtidal; gravel and sandstone

• Deposits were formed in a fully marine, rather energetic, nearshore paleoenvironment, with a bathymetric range compatible with the intertidal to upper infralittoral zones. A lower energy, sand-dominated habitat was locally transported and mixed with the gravel-dominated environment, possibly by the action of storms.

•In Pipas 1, the sand lenses appear to dip seaward and wedge out landward. In both deposits the gravel beds are clast-supported and heterolithic, with a diverse composition of quartzite, quartz, granite, porphyritic igneous rocks, limestone, sandstone and other lithic fragments. Possible source rocks for these clasts are nearby basement units

• gravel beds with occasional sand lenses

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Primary reference: J. A. Sessa, P. M. Callapez, P. A. Dinis and A. J. W. Hendy. 2013. Paleoenvironmental and paleobiogeographical implications of a Middle Pleistocene mollusc assemblage from the marine terraces of BaĆ­a das Pipas, southwest Angola. Journal of Paleontology 87(6):1016-1040 [W. Kiessling/M. Krause]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 152645: authorized by Wolfgang Kiessling, entered by Mihaela Krause on 29.11.2013

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Bivalvia
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
 Ostreida - Gryphaeidae
"Parahyotissa cf. rosea" = Hyotissa
"Parahyotissa cf. rosea" = Hyotissa oyster
 Arcida - Arcidae
Acar cf. plicata Dillwyn 1817 miniature ark
Barbatia sp. Gray 1842 clam
 Arcida - Glycymerididae
 Arcida - Noetiidae
"Noetiella congoensis" = Noetia
"Noetiella congoensis" = Noetia clam
 Pholadida - Pholadidae
"Pholas campechiensis" = Pholas (Thovana) campechiensis
"Pholas campechiensis" = Pholas (Thovana) campechiensis Gmelin 1791 clam
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
Cardium cf. indicum Lamarck 1818 cockle
 Cardiida - Tellinidae
Tellina madagascariensis Gmelin 1791 tellin clam
 Cardiida - Ungulinidae
 Cardiida - Mactridae
 Cardiida - Veneridae
Venus verrucosa venus clam
Dosinia isocardia venus clam
"Dosinia lupinus" = Dosinia lupina Linnaeus 1758 venus clam
spp. afra
Gastropoda
 Sorbeoconcha - Cassidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Ranellidae
Monoplex corrugatus triton shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Personidae
Distorsio smithi von Maltzan 1884 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Bursidae
Bursa scrobilator Linnaeus 1758 frog shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Cypraeidae
Trona stercoraria Linnaeus 1758 cowry
 Neogastropoda - Conidae
Conus pulcher cone shell
Conus ermineus Born 1778 cone shell
 Neogastropoda - Terebridae
Hastula sp. Adams and Adams 1853 auger snail
 Neogastropoda - Clavatulidae
Pusionella sp. Gray 1847 snail
Clavatula sp. Lamarck 1801 snail
 Neogastropoda - Muricidae
"Stramonita haemastoma" = Stramonita haemostoma Linnaeus 1767 murex snail
Hexaplex rosarium murex snail
 Neogastropoda - Marginellidae
Marginella sp. Lamarck 1799 margin shell
 Neogastropoda - Olividae
Olivella pulchella olive snail
Olivella sp. Swainson 1831 olive snail
 Neogastropoda - Olivellidae
 Neogastropoda - Columbellidae
Mitrella sp. Risso 1826 snail
 Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
 Neogastropoda - Mitridae
Mitra cornea mitre shell
 Cerithioidea - Turritellidae
Turritella bicingulata Lamarck 1822 turret shell
 Lepetellida - Haliotidae