Where: Anatolia, Turkey (40.8° N, 29.5° E: paleocoordinates 23.9° N, 31.5° E)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• outcrop-level geographic resolution
When: Pelsonian to Pelsonian (247.2 - 221.5 Ma)
• formation-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: marine; lithology not reported
Size class: macrofossils
Collected by F. Toula in 1896
Primary reference: G. Arthaber. 1915. Die Trias von Bithynien (Anatolien). Beiträge zur Paläontologie und Geologie Österreich-Ungarns und des Orients 27:85-206 [A. Dunhill/B. Allen]more details
Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis
PaleoDB collection 204511: authorized by Alex Dunhill, entered by Bethany Allen on 10.09.2019
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Anthozoa | |
"Thecosmilia cf. subdichotoma" = Volzeia subdichotoma
"Thecosmilia cf. subdichotoma" = Volzeia subdichotoma Münster 1841 stony coral | |
Crinoidea | |
Entrochus sp. Hofer 1760 Sea lily | |
"Encrinus cassianus" = Chelocrinus cassianus
"Encrinus cassianus" = Chelocrinus cassianus Laube 1865 Sea lily | |
Rhynchonellata | |
"Retzia speciosa" = Schwagerispira mojsisovicsi
"Retzia speciosa" = Schwagerispira mojsisovicsi Bockh 1872 | |
"Spirigera marmorea" = Pexidella marmorea
"Spirigera marmorea" = Pexidella marmorea Bittner 1890 | |
"Waldheimia angustaeformis" = Angustothyris angustaeformis
"Waldheimia angustaeformis" = Angustothyris angustaeformis Boekh 1872 | |
| |
"Spiriferina fragilis" = Punctospirella fragilis
"Spiriferina fragilis" = Punctospirella fragilis Schlotheim 1814 | |
"Rhynchonella decurtata" = Decurtella decurtata
"Rhynchonella decurtata" = Decurtella decurtata Girard 1843 | |
"Rhynchonella edhemi" = Holcorhynchella edhemi, "Rhynchonella kavakensis" = Austriellula kavakensis
"Rhynchonella edhemi" = Holcorhynchella edhemi Toula 1896
"Rhynchonella kavakensis" = Austriellula kavakensis Arthaber 1915 | |
"Rhynchonella projectifrons" = Volirhynchia projectifrons, "Rhynchonella protractifrons" = Volirhynchia projectifrons
"Rhynchonella projectifrons" = Volirhynchia projectifrons Bittner 1890
"Rhynchonella protractifrons" = Volirhynchia projectifrons Bittner 1890 | |
Bivalvia | |
"Myalina eduliformis" = Promysidiella eduliformis
"Myalina eduliformis" = Promysidiella eduliformis Schlotheim 1820 clam | |
Daonella lommeli, "Daonella reticulata" = Daonella (Pichlerella) pichleri, "Daonella indica" = Daonella (Arzelella) indica, "Daonella tripartita" = Daonella (Arzelella) tyrolensis, "Daonella taramellii" = Daonella (Arzelella) taramellii
Daonella lommeli Wissmann 1841 oyster
"Daonella reticulata" = Daonella (Pichlerella) pichleri Mojsisovics 1874 oyster
"Daonella indica" = Daonella (Arzelella) indica Bittner 1899 oyster
"Daonella tripartita" = Daonella (Arzelella) tyrolensis Mojsisovics 1874 oyster
"Daonella taramellii" = Daonella (Arzelella) taramellii Mojsisovics 1874 oyster | |
Lima sp. Bruguière 1797 file clam
Lima balatonica Bittner 1901 file clam
Mysidioptera sp. Salomon 1895 file clam | |
"Megalodon cf. rimosum" = Pachyrisma rimosum
"Megalodon cf. rimosum" = Pachyrisma rimosum Münster 1841 clam | |
Nucula strigilata Goldfuss 1837 nut clam | |
Cephalopoda | |
Nautilus cf. cancellatus Hauer 1896 nautiloid | |
Pleuronautilus sp., Pleuronautilus tschichatscheffi, Pleuronautilus narcissae, Pleuronautilus aff. ornatus
Pleuronautilus sp. von Mojsisovics 1882 nautiloid
Pleuronautilus tschichatscheffi Toula 1898 nautiloid
Pleuronautilus narcissae Toula 1896 nautiloid
Pleuronautilus aff. ornatus Hauer 1896 nautiloid | |
"Orthoceras campanile" = Trematoceras elegans
"Orthoceras campanile" = Trematoceras elegans Muenster 1831 | |
Atractites bithynicus n. sp. Arthaber 1915 belemnite
Atractites mallyi Toula 1896 belemnite
Atractites cf. mallyi Toula 1896 belemnite | |
Orthoceras cf. punjabiense Waagen 1879 | |
Leiophyllites cf. suessi, "Monophyllites confucii" = Leiophyllites confucii
Leiophyllites cf. suessi von Mojsisovics 1882 ammonite
"Monophyllites confucii" = Leiophyllites confucii Diener 1895 ammonite | |
Monophyllites kieperti Toula 1896 ammonite
Monophyllites anatolicus Toula 1896 ammonite | |
Ismidites marmarensis n. gen. n. sp.
Ismidites marmarensis n. gen. n. sp. Arthaber 1915 ceratite | |
"Hungarites solimani" = Longobarditoides solimani
"Hungarites solimani" = Longobarditoides solimani Toula 1896 ceratite | |
Lobites fraasi Arthaber 1915 ceratite | |
Gymnites toulai n. sp.
| |
"Ptychites flexuosus" = Flexoptychites flexuosus, Ptychites opulentus, Ptychites domatus, Ptychites cylindroides n. sp.
"Ptychites flexuosus" = Flexoptychites flexuosus von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite
Ptychites opulentus von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite
Ptychites domatus Hauer 1850 ceratite
Ptychites cylindroides n. sp. Arthaber 1915 ceratite | |
"Ptychites megalodiscus" = Discoptychites megalodiscus, "Ptychites pauli" = Discoptychites pauli, "Sturia mohamedi" = Psilosturia mohamedi
"Ptychites megalodiscus" = Discoptychites megalodiscus Beyrich 1867 ceratite 2 individuals, 4 fragments
"Ptychites pauli" = Discoptychites pauli von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite
"Sturia mohamedi" = Psilosturia mohamedi Toula 1896 ceratite | |
Sageceras anatolicum n. sp.
Sageceras anatolicum n. sp. Arthaber 1915 ceratite | |
"Ceratites (Semiornites) marmarensis" = Pseudohollandites marmarensis, "Beyrichites barbarossae" = Nicomedites barbarossae, "Beyrichites osmani" = Nicomedites osmani, "Aspidites toulai n. sp." = Kocaelia toulai, Beyrichites sp., "Ceratites (Hollandites) sp." = Hollandites, "Ceratites (Hollandites) cf. roxburghii" = Hollandites roxburghii, "Ceratites (Hollandites) ismidicus n. sp." = Aghdarbandites ismidicus, "Ceratites binodosus" = Schreyerites binodosus, "Ceratites trinodosus" = Paraceratites trinodosus
"Ceratites (Semiornites) marmarensis" = Pseudohollandites marmarensis Arthaber 1912 ceratite
"Beyrichites barbarossae" = Nicomedites barbarossae Toula 1896 ceratite 35 individuals, 28 fragments
Beyrichites sp. Waagen 1895 ceratite
"Ceratites (Hollandites) sp." = Hollandites Diener 1907 ceratite
"Ceratites (Hollandites) cf. roxburghii" = Hollandites roxburghii Diener 1907 ceratite
"Ceratites (Hollandites) ismidicus n. sp." = Aghdarbandites ismidicus Arthaber 1915 ceratite
"Ceratites binodosus" = Schreyerites binodosus Hauer 1850 ceratite
"Ceratites trinodosus" = Paraceratites trinodosus von Mojsisovics 1878 ceratite | |
Balatonites sp. Mojsisovics 1879 ceratite
Balatonites cf. ottonis von Buch 1848 ceratite
Cuccoceras cuccense Mojsisovics 1873 ceratite | |
Acrochordiceras sp., "Acrochordiceras balarama" = Acrochordiceras hyatti, Acrochordiceras cf. haueri, "Acrochordiceras bithynicum n. sp." = Acrochordiceras carolinae, "Acrochordiceras halili" = Acrochordiceras carolinae, "Acrochordiceras pustericum" = Acrochordiceras carolinae, Acrochordiceras endrissi n. sp.
Acrochordiceras sp. Hyatt 1877 ceratite
"Acrochordiceras balarama" = Acrochordiceras hyatti Meek 1877 ceratite
Acrochordiceras cf. haueri Arthaber 1911 ceratite
"Acrochordiceras bithynicum n. sp." = Acrochordiceras carolinae von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite
"Acrochordiceras halili" = Acrochordiceras carolinae von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite 1 individual, 1 fragment
"Acrochordiceras pustericum" = Acrochordiceras carolinae von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite
Acrochordiceras endrissi n. sp. Arthaber 1915 ceratite | |
Proarcestes balfouri Oppel 1863 ceratite
Proarcestes escheri Mojsisovics 1875 ceratite | |
"Procladiscites proponticus" = Phyllocladiscites proponticus, Procladiscites brancoi
"Procladiscites proponticus" = Phyllocladiscites proponticus Toula 1896 ceratite
Procladiscites brancoi von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite | |
Romanites simionescui Kittl 1908 ceratite
Joannites deranicus Arthaber 1915 ceratite | |
Megaphyllites procerus Arthaber 1896 ceratite | |
Protrachyceras anatolicum n. sp.
Protrachyceras anatolicum n. sp. Toula 1898 ceratite | |
Gastropoda | |
Ptychomphalus cf. palaeopsis Kittl 1891 snail | |
Brochidium anatolicum n. sp.
Brochidium anatolicum n. sp. Arthaber 1915 snail | |
Lepidotrochus sp. snail | |
"Naticella acutecostata" = Colubrellopsis acuticostata
"Naticella acutecostata" = Colubrellopsis acuticostata Klipstein 1843 snail | |
"Loxonema lommeli" = Loxonema (Polygyrina) lommeli
"Loxonema lommeli" = Loxonema (Polygyrina) lommeli Wissmann 1841 snail | |
"Pleurotomaria subcancellata" = Dictyotomaria subcancellata
"Pleurotomaria subcancellata" = Dictyotomaria subcancellata d'Orbigny 1849 snail |