Where: Anatolia, Turkey (40.8° N, 29.5° E: paleocoordinates 23.9° N, 31.5° E)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• outcrop-level geographic resolution
When: Pelsonian to Pelsonian (247.2 - 221.5 Ma)
• formation-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: marine; lithology not reported
Size class: macrofossils
Collected by F. Toula in 1896
Primary reference: G. Arthaber. 1915. Die Trias von Bithynien (Anatolien). Beiträge zur Paläontologie und Geologie Österreich-Ungarns und des Orients 27:85-206 [A. Dunhill/B. Allen]more details
Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis
PaleoDB collection 204511: authorized by Alex Dunhill, entered by Bethany Allen on 10.09.2019
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Crinoidea | |
"Encrinus cassianus" = Chelocrinus cassianus
"Encrinus cassianus" = Chelocrinus cassianus Laube 1865 Sea lily | |
Entrochus sp. Hofer 1760 Sea lily | |
Rhynchonellata | |
"Spirigera marmorea" = Pexidella marmorea
"Spirigera marmorea" = Pexidella marmorea Bittner 1890 | |
"Retzia speciosa" = Schwagerispira mojsisovicsi
"Retzia speciosa" = Schwagerispira mojsisovicsi Bockh 1872 | |
| |
"Spiriferina fragilis" = Punctospirella fragilis
"Spiriferina fragilis" = Punctospirella fragilis Schlotheim 1814 | |
"Rhynchonella decurtata" = Decurtella decurtata
"Rhynchonella decurtata" = Decurtella decurtata Girard 1843 | |
"Rhynchonella projectifrons" = Volirhynchia projectifrons, "Rhynchonella protractifrons" = Volirhynchia projectifrons
"Rhynchonella projectifrons" = Volirhynchia projectifrons Bittner 1890
"Rhynchonella protractifrons" = Volirhynchia projectifrons Bittner 1890 | |
"Rhynchonella kavakensis" = Austriellula kavakensis, "Rhynchonella edhemi" = Holcorhynchella edhemi
"Rhynchonella kavakensis" = Austriellula kavakensis Arthaber 1915
"Rhynchonella edhemi" = Holcorhynchella edhemi Toula 1896 | |
"Waldheimia angustaeformis" = Angustothyris angustaeformis
"Waldheimia angustaeformis" = Angustothyris angustaeformis Boekh 1872 | |
Cephalopoda | |
Acrochordiceras sp., "Acrochordiceras balarama" = Acrochordiceras hyatti, "Acrochordiceras pustericum" = Acrochordiceras carolinae, "Acrochordiceras halili" = Acrochordiceras carolinae, "Acrochordiceras bithynicum n. sp." = Acrochordiceras carolinae, Acrochordiceras endrissi n. sp., Acrochordiceras cf. haueri
Acrochordiceras sp. Hyatt 1877 ceratite
"Acrochordiceras balarama" = Acrochordiceras hyatti Meek 1877 ceratite
"Acrochordiceras pustericum" = Acrochordiceras carolinae von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite
"Acrochordiceras halili" = Acrochordiceras carolinae von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite 1 individual, 1 fragment
"Acrochordiceras bithynicum n. sp." = Acrochordiceras carolinae von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite
Acrochordiceras endrissi n. sp. Arthaber 1915 ceratite
Acrochordiceras cf. haueri Arthaber 1911 ceratite | |
"Hungarites solimani" = Longobarditoides solimani
"Hungarites solimani" = Longobarditoides solimani Toula 1896 ceratite | |
Lobites fraasi Arthaber 1915 ceratite | |
Sageceras anatolicum n. sp.
Sageceras anatolicum n. sp. Arthaber 1915 ceratite | |
Protrachyceras anatolicum n. sp.
Protrachyceras anatolicum n. sp. Toula 1898 ceratite | |
Romanites simionescui Kittl 1908 ceratite
Joannites deranicus Arthaber 1915 ceratite | |
"Procladiscites proponticus" = Phyllocladiscites proponticus, Procladiscites brancoi
"Procladiscites proponticus" = Phyllocladiscites proponticus Toula 1896 ceratite
Procladiscites brancoi von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite | |
Proarcestes escheri Mojsisovics 1875 ceratite
Proarcestes balfouri Oppel 1863 ceratite | |
Ismidites marmarensis n. gen. n. sp.
Ismidites marmarensis n. gen. n. sp. Arthaber 1915 ceratite | |
"Ptychites pauli" = Discoptychites pauli, "Ptychites megalodiscus" = Discoptychites megalodiscus, "Sturia mohamedi" = Psilosturia mohamedi
"Ptychites pauli" = Discoptychites pauli von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite
"Ptychites megalodiscus" = Discoptychites megalodiscus Beyrich 1867 ceratite 2 individuals, 4 fragments
"Sturia mohamedi" = Psilosturia mohamedi Toula 1896 ceratite | |
Gymnites toulai n. sp.
| |
Ptychites cylindroides n. sp., Ptychites opulentus, Ptychites domatus, "Ptychites flexuosus" = Flexoptychites flexuosus
Ptychites cylindroides n. sp. Arthaber 1915 ceratite
Ptychites opulentus von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite
Ptychites domatus Hauer 1850 ceratite
"Ptychites flexuosus" = Flexoptychites flexuosus von Mojsisovics 1882 ceratite | |
Megaphyllites procerus Arthaber 1896 ceratite | |
"Ceratites trinodosus" = Paraceratites trinodosus, "Ceratites (Semiornites) marmarensis" = Pseudohollandites marmarensis, "Ceratites binodosus" = Schreyerites binodosus, "Beyrichites osmani" = Nicomedites osmani, "Beyrichites barbarossae" = Nicomedites barbarossae, "Ceratites (Hollandites) ismidicus n. sp." = Aghdarbandites ismidicus, "Aspidites toulai n. sp." = Kocaelia toulai, "Ceratites (Hollandites) sp." = Hollandites, "Ceratites (Hollandites) cf. roxburghii" = Hollandites roxburghii, Beyrichites sp.
"Ceratites trinodosus" = Paraceratites trinodosus von Mojsisovics 1878 ceratite
"Ceratites (Semiornites) marmarensis" = Pseudohollandites marmarensis Arthaber 1912 ceratite
"Ceratites binodosus" = Schreyerites binodosus Hauer 1850 ceratite
"Beyrichites barbarossae" = Nicomedites barbarossae Toula 1896 ceratite 35 individuals, 28 fragments
"Ceratites (Hollandites) ismidicus n. sp." = Aghdarbandites ismidicus Arthaber 1915 ceratite
"Ceratites (Hollandites) sp." = Hollandites Diener 1907 ceratite
"Ceratites (Hollandites) cf. roxburghii" = Hollandites roxburghii Diener 1907 ceratite
Beyrichites sp. Waagen 1895 ceratite | |
Balatonites sp. Mojsisovics 1879 ceratite
Balatonites cf. ottonis von Buch 1848 ceratite
Cuccoceras cuccense Mojsisovics 1873 ceratite | |
Leiophyllites cf. suessi, "Monophyllites confucii" = Leiophyllites confucii
Leiophyllites cf. suessi von Mojsisovics 1882 ammonite
"Monophyllites confucii" = Leiophyllites confucii Diener 1895 ammonite | |
Monophyllites kieperti Toula 1896 ammonite
Monophyllites anatolicus Toula 1896 ammonite | |
Nautilus cf. cancellatus Hauer 1896 nautiloid | |
Pleuronautilus sp., Pleuronautilus tschichatscheffi, Pleuronautilus narcissae, Pleuronautilus aff. ornatus
Pleuronautilus sp. von Mojsisovics 1882 nautiloid
Pleuronautilus tschichatscheffi Toula 1898 nautiloid
Pleuronautilus narcissae Toula 1896 nautiloid
Pleuronautilus aff. ornatus Hauer 1896 nautiloid | |
"Orthoceras campanile" = Trematoceras elegans
"Orthoceras campanile" = Trematoceras elegans Muenster 1831 | |
Atractites mallyi Toula 1896 belemnite
Atractites cf. mallyi Toula 1896 belemnite
Atractites bithynicus n. sp. Arthaber 1915 belemnite | |
Orthoceras cf. punjabiense Waagen 1879 | |
Gastropoda | |
"Naticella acutecostata" = Colubrellopsis acuticostata
"Naticella acutecostata" = Colubrellopsis acuticostata Klipstein 1843 snail | |
"Loxonema lommeli" = Loxonema (Polygyrina) lommeli
"Loxonema lommeli" = Loxonema (Polygyrina) lommeli Wissmann 1841 snail | |
"Pleurotomaria subcancellata" = Dictyotomaria subcancellata
"Pleurotomaria subcancellata" = Dictyotomaria subcancellata d'Orbigny 1849 snail | |
Ptychomphalus cf. palaeopsis Kittl 1891 snail | |
Lepidotrochus sp. snail | |
Brochidium anatolicum n. sp.
Brochidium anatolicum n. sp. Arthaber 1915 snail | |
Bivalvia | |
Nucula strigilata Goldfuss 1837 nut clam | |
"Myalina eduliformis" = Promysidiella eduliformis
"Myalina eduliformis" = Promysidiella eduliformis Schlotheim 1820 clam | |
Mysidioptera sp. Salomon 1895 file clam
Lima sp. Bruguière 1797 file clam
Lima balatonica Bittner 1901 file clam | |
Daonella lommeli, "Daonella tripartita" = Daonella (Arzelella) tyrolensis, "Daonella indica" = Daonella (Arzelella) indica, "Daonella taramellii" = Daonella (Arzelella) taramellii, "Daonella reticulata" = Daonella (Pichlerella) pichleri
Daonella lommeli Wissmann 1841 oyster
"Daonella tripartita" = Daonella (Arzelella) tyrolensis Mojsisovics 1874 oyster
"Daonella indica" = Daonella (Arzelella) indica Bittner 1899 oyster
"Daonella taramellii" = Daonella (Arzelella) taramellii Mojsisovics 1874 oyster
"Daonella reticulata" = Daonella (Pichlerella) pichleri Mojsisovics 1874 oyster | |
"Megalodon cf. rimosum" = Pachyrisma rimosum
"Megalodon cf. rimosum" = Pachyrisma rimosum Münster 1841 clam | |
Anthozoa | |
"Thecosmilia cf. subdichotoma" = Volzeia subdichotoma
"Thecosmilia cf. subdichotoma" = Volzeia subdichotoma Münster 1841 stony coral |