PPP# 358 - Escudo de Veraguas [Escudo de Veraguas Fm] (Pliocene of Panama)

Also known as NMB Loc. 17832

Where: Bocas, Panama (9.1° N, 81.6° W: paleocoordinates 9.0° N, 81.1° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Escudo de Veraguas Formation (Bocas del Toro Group), Piacenzian (3.6 - 2.6 Ma)

• STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: The upper and lower contacts of the formation are not exposed. BIOSTRATIGRAPHY: from Collins et al. (1999), not specified to Early or Late Pliocene; direct date extrapolated from Cheetham et al. (1999); age range also provided by Bybell (1999).

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: deep-water; poorly lithified, burrowed, bioturbated, fine-grained, argillaceous sandstone and poorly lithified, burrowed, bioturbated, argillaceous siltstone

• ENVIRONMENT: from Collins et al. 1999 (p. 94), mixed middle neritic and outer nertic/upper bathyal, estimated depth of 125 m.
• GENERAL LITHOLOGY: from Collins et al. (1999), lower part of formation at the stratotype is moderately indurated, fine, silty sandstone and clayey siltstone, pervasively bioturbated and containing frequent, cemented, irregular burrow-concentrations and horizons with dense thalassinoid burrow systems.

Size class: macrofossils

Reposited in the BMNH, NMB, USNM

Collection methods: bulk, sieve,

• COVERAGE: Exhaustive for gastropoda, bivalvia and scaphopoda. COLLECTORS: unknown (PPP staff), 6/4/88. REPOSITORIES:collections presumably held at USNM, BMNH and Naturhistorisches Museum Basel (NMB),

Primary reference: L. S. Collins and A. G. Coates. 1999. A paleobiotic survey of Caribbean faunas from the Neogene of the Isthmus of Panama. Bulletins of American Paleontology (357) [A. Miller/A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 79794: authorized by Arnold Miller, entered by Kate Bulinski on 24.03.2008, edited by Austin Hendy

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• NOMENCLATURE: modern nomenclature, though only identified to subgenus resolution. IDENTIFIER: presumably identified by J. Jackson, J. Todd, H. Fortunato, and P. Jung.
unclassified
  -
Anthozoa
 Scleractinia - Guyniidae
Schizocyathus fissilis Pourtales 1874 stony coral
 Scleractinia - Caryophylliidae
Trochocyathus chevalieri Cairns and Wells 1987 stony coral
Asterosmilia exarata Duncan 1867 stony coral
Gymnolaemata
 Cheilostomata - Membraniporidae
 Cheilostomata - Candidae
Scrupocellaria sp. van Beneden 1845
 Cheilostomata - Cellariidae
 Cheilostomata - Phidoloporidae
 Cheilostomata - Mamilloporidae
Bivalvia
  -
Bivalvia indet. Linnaeus 1758 clam
 Nuculanida - Yoldiidae
Yoldia sp. Möller 1842 clam
 Nuculanida - Nuculanidae
Saccella sp. Woodring 1925 pointed nut clam
 Nuculida - Nuculidae
Leionucula sp. Quenstedt 1930 nut clam
Nucula (Lamellinucula) sp. Schenck 1944 nut clam
 Ostreida - Ostreidae
Ostreidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 oyster
[entered as Ostreid indet.]
 Ostreida - Pteriidae
Pteria sp. Scopoli 1777 pearl oyster
 Pectinida - Pectinoidae
"Chlamys" sp. Röding 1798 scallop
Argopecten sp. Monterosato 1889 calico scallop
 Arcida - Arcidae
Anadara (Rasia) sp. Gray 1857 ark
 Arcida - Noetiidae
Arcopsis sp. Koenen 1885 clam
 Carditida - Crassatellidae
Crassinella sp. Guppy 1874 clam
 Poromyida - Verticordiidae
Trigonulina sp. d'Orbigny 1946 clam
 Poromyida - Cuspidariidae
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
? Laevicardium sp. Swainson 1840 cockle
 Cardiida - Semelidae
Abra sp. Lamarck 1818 abra
 Cardiida - Tellinidae
Angulus sp. Megerle 1811 tellin clam
 Cardiida - Chamidae
Chama sp. Linnaeus 1758 jewel box
 Cardiida - Veneridae
"Ventricolaria sp." = Globivenus, Gouldia sp.
"Ventricolaria sp." = Globivenus Coen 1934 venus clam
Gouldia sp. Adams 1847 venus clam
 Cardiida - Kelliellidae
Kelliella sp. Sars 1865 clam
 Cardiida - Lasaeidae
? Kellia sp. Fischer 1884 clam
 Pholadida - Corbulidae
"Varicorbula sp." = Corbula (Varicorbula) Grant and Gale 1931 clam
Caryocorbula sp. Gardner 1926 clam
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
Parvilucina sp. Dall 1901 clam
sensu lato
Scaphopoda
 Gadilida - Entalinidae
Bathoxiphus sp. Pilsbry 1897 tusk shell
 Gadilida - Gadilidae
Cadulus sp. Philippi 1844 tusk shell
Gadilopsis sp. Woodring 1925 tusk shell
 Dentaliida - Dentaliidae
Fissidentalium sp. Fischer 1885 tusk shell
Gastropoda
 Opisthobranchia - Cylichnidae
Cylichnella sp. Gabb 1873 snail
Scaphander sp. Monfort 1810 snail
Acteocina sp. Gray 1847 barrel-bubble
 Opisthobranchia - Retusidae
Sulcoretusa sp. Burch 1945 snail
Volvulella (Volvulella) sp. Newton 1891 snail
 Thecosomata - Cavoliniidae
Styliola sp. Gray 1850 snail
Clio sp. Linnaeus 1767 snail
Cavolinia sp. Avilgaard 1791 snail
Diacria sp. Gray 1847 snail
Creseis sp. Rang 1828 snail
 Heterostropha -
"Heterobranchia indet." = Heterostropha
"Heterobranchia indet." = Heterostropha Fischer 1885 snail
 Heterostropha - Ringiculidae
 Heterostropha - Architectonicidae
Pseudotorinia sp. Sacco 1892 snail
Architectonica sp. Röding 1798 sundial
 Heterostropha - Pyramidellidae
Eulimella (Ebalina) sp. Thiele 1929 snail
Ugartea sp. Bartsch 1917 snail
? Kleinella sp. Adams 1860 snail
? Ividella sp. Dall and Bartsch 1909 snail
? Ivara sp. Dall and Bartsch 1913 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Vitrinellidae
Episcynia sp. Morch 1875 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Tornidae
Teinostoma sp. Adams and Adams 1853 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Atlantidae
Atlanta sp. Lesueur 1817 snail
 Neogastropoda - Marginellidae
Granula sp. Jousseaume 1875 margin shell
Dentimargo sp. Cossmann 1899 margin shell
Volvarina sp. Hinds 1844 margin shell
Prunum sp. Swainson 1840 margin shell
 Neogastropoda - Muricidae
Chicoreus (Chicoreus) sp. Montfort 1810 murex snail
 Neogastropoda - Volutidae
Voluta sp. Linnaeaus 1758 volute
 Neogastropoda - Cystiscidae
Persicula sp. Schumacher 1817 snail
 Neogastropoda - Olividae
Olivella (Macgintiella) sp. Olsson 1956 olive snail
Olivella (Minioliva) sp. Olsson 1956 olive snail
 Neogastropoda - Drilliidae
Agladrillia (Agladrillia) sp. Woodring 1928 snail
Leptadrillia sp. Woodring 1928 snail
 Neogastropoda - Raphitomidae
Pleurotomella sp. Verrill 1872 snail
 Neogastropoda - Clathurellidae
? Pleurotomoides sp. Bronn 1831 snail
Nannodiella sp. Dall 1919 snail
 Neogastropoda - Conidae
? Gymnobela sp. Verrill 1884 cone shell
 Neogastropoda - Borsoniidae
Microdrillia sp. Casey 1903 snail
 Neogastropoda - Mangeliidae
Bactrocythara sp. Woodring 1928 snail
Saccharoturris sp. Woodring 1928 snail
Acmaturris sp. Woodring 1928 snail
Kurtziella (Cryoturris) sp. Woodring 1928 snail
Dolostoma sp. Woodring 1970 snail
 Neogastropoda - Terebridae
Strioterebrum sp. Sacco 1891 auger snail
 Neogastropoda - Turridae
Polystira sp. Woodring 1928 turrid
 Neogastropoda - Nassariidae
Nassarius sp. Duméril 1806 snail
sensu lato
 Neogastropoda - Columbellidae
Mitrella sp. Risso 1826 snail
Nassarina (Nassarina) sp. Dall 1889 snail
"Costoanachis sp." = Anachis (Costoanachis) Sacco 1890 snail
 Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
Antillophos (Antillophos) sp. Woodring 1928 true whelk
 Neogastropoda - Fasciolariidae
Fusinus sp. Rafinesque 1815 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Xenophoridae
Xenophora sp. Fischer von Waldheim 1807 carrier shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae
Natica sp. Scopoli 1777 moon snail
Polinices sp. Monfort 1810 moon snail
 Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
"Amaea (Scalina) sp." = Scalina, Epitonium (Asperiscala) sp.
"Amaea (Scalina) sp." = Scalina Conrad 1865 wentletrap
Epitonium (Asperiscala) sp. de Boury 1909 wentletrap
 Vanikoroidea - Eulimidae
Balcis sp. Leach 1847 snail
Niso sp. Risso 1826 snail
 Pseudomelanoidea - Pseudomelaniidae
? Miraclathurella sp. Woodring 1928 snail
 Cerithioidea - Cerithiidae
Alabina sp. Dall 1902 cerith snail
 Trochoidea - Trochidae
Microgaza sp. Dall 1881 top snail
 Trochoidea - Skeneidae
Solariorbis sp. Conrad 1865 snail