Rott (Krantz Bonn coll) (Oligocene of Germany)

Where: Germany (50.7° N, 7.3° E: paleocoordinates 50.6° N, 4.3° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Rott Formation, MP 30 (28.4 - 23.0 Ma)

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: lacustrine - large; lithified shale

• According to the reconstruction of the sedimentation history. the limnic sediments of the Rott Fonnation were deposited in a single, relatively small and shallow lake (Mors, 1995). This lake was at least 3 km in diameter, and was encircled by a large accretion zone, which passed into an alluvial forest. Many small rivulets are expected to have flown into the Rott Lake, but no large river could be evidenced (MOn, 1995). The estimated mean aunual temperature (MAT) in this area at the accumulation time of lake sediments was17.5±1.2°C, based on the leaf margin analysis (Winterscheid, 2006).
• "fine layered brown coal" also called "lignites": figure of specimen indicates complete lithification

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: adpression

Reposited in the BMNH, SMF

• Repository: Formerly (and possibly partly still) Institut für Paläontologie, Universität Bonn, collection of Dr. Krantz. Specimens are now distributed in a number of museums (some at BMNH and SNF).

Primary reference: C. Von Heyden. 1859. Fossile Insekten aus der Rheinischen Braunkhohle. Palaeontographica 8:1-15 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 123945: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Matthew Clapham on 02.02.2012, edited by Jered Karr

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Enoplea
 Mermithida - Mermithidae
"Mermis antiqua n. sp." = Heydenius antiquus2
"Mermis antiqua n. sp." = Heydenius antiquus2 von Heyden 1860
From "rheinischen Braunkohle," assumed to be Rott
Insecta
 Diptera - Sciaridae
Sciara spp.4 Meigen 1803 dark-winged fungus gnat
Sciara defossa n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 dark-winged fungus gnat
Sciara atavina n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 dark-winged fungus gnat
Sciara winnertzii n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 dark-winged fungus gnat
Collection not stated, but almost all described material in this paper is from Krantz collection
Sciara rottensis n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 dark-winged fungus gnat
Sciara janassa n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 dark-winged fungus gnat
 Diptera - Mycetophilidae
Cordyla vetusta n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 fungus gnat
Cordyla renuda n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 fungus gnat
Cordyla subaperta n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 fungus gnat
Cordyla limnoria n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 fungus gnat
Cordyla antiqua n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 fungus gnat
Boletina philyra n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 fungus gnat
 Diptera - Bibionidae
Bibio mimas n. sp.4, ? Bibio pannosus n. sp.5, "Plecia heroica n. sp." = Bibio giganteus5, Dilophus krantzii n. sp.4, "Bibio deletus n. sp." = Dilophus deletus, "Protomyia heeri n. sp." = Hesperinus heeri5, Protomyia stygia n. sp.5, Protomyia grossa n. sp.5, "Protomyia pinguis n. sp." = Plecia pinguis5, "Protomyia lapidaria n. sp." = Plecia pinguis5, "Protomyia proserpina n. sp." = Plecia proserpina5, "Protomyia luctuosa n. sp." = Plecia luctuosa5, "Protomyia macrocephala n. sp." = Plecia macrocephala5, "Protomyia schineri n. sp." = Plecia macrocephala5, "Protomyia luteola n. sp." = Plecia luteola5, "Protomyia veterana n. sp." = Plecia stygia5, Plecia rhenana n. sp.5, "Protomyia abava n. sp." = Plecia dubia5, "Protomyia collossea n. sp." = Plecia collossea5, "Protomyia winnertzi n. sp." = Plecia winnertzi5, "Protomyia hypogaea n. sp." = Plecia hypogaea5, "Protomyia elongata n. sp." = Plecia hypogaea5, "Protomyia exposititia n. sp." = Plecia hypogaea5, "Protomyia antenata n. sp." = Plecia hypogaea5, "Protomyia grandaeva n. sp." = Plecia hypogaea5, "Protomyia gracilenta n. sp." = Plecia gracilenta5
Bibio mimas n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 march fly
? Bibio pannosus n. sp.5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 march fly
"Plecia heroica n. sp." = Bibio giganteus5 Unger 1841 march fly
Dilophus krantzii n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 march fly
"Bibio deletus n. sp." = Dilophus deletus Von Heyden 1859 march fly
"Protomyia heeri n. sp." = Hesperinus heeri5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 march fly
Protomyia stygia n. sp.5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 march fly
Protomyia grossa n. sp.5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 march fly
"Protomyia pinguis n. sp." = Plecia pinguis5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia lapidaria n. sp." = Plecia pinguis5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia proserpina n. sp." = Plecia proserpina5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia luctuosa n. sp." = Plecia luctuosa5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia macrocephala n. sp." = Plecia macrocephala5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia schineri n. sp." = Plecia macrocephala5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia luteola n. sp." = Plecia luteola5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia veterana n. sp." = Plecia stygia5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
Plecia rhenana n. sp.5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia abava n. sp." = Plecia dubia5 Germar 1837 love bug
"Protomyia collossea n. sp." = Plecia collossea5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia winnertzi n. sp." = Plecia winnertzi5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia hypogaea n. sp." = Plecia hypogaea5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia elongata n. sp." = Plecia hypogaea5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia exposititia n. sp." = Plecia hypogaea5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia antenata n. sp." = Plecia hypogaea5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia grandaeva n. sp." = Plecia hypogaea5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
"Protomyia gracilenta n. sp." = Plecia gracilenta5 von Heyden and von Heyden 1865 love bug
 Diptera - Asilidae
Asilus sp.4 Linnaeus 1758 robber fly
 Diptera - Syrphidae
Merodon germari n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 hover fly
Syrphus sp.4 Fabricius 1775 hover fly
Syrphus euphemus n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 hover fly
Pipiza venilia n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 hover fly
 Diptera - Empididae
Empis melia n. sp.4
Empis melia n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 dagger fly
 Diptera - Chironomidae
Chironomus "sp. 6"4 Meigen 1803 non biting midge
Chironomus "sp. 7 pupa"4 Meigen 1803 non biting midge
Chironomus "sp. 8"4 Meigen 1803 non biting midge
Chironomus "sp. 10"4 Meigen 1803 non biting midge
Chironomus "sp. 11"4 Meigen 1803 non biting midge
Chironomus decrepitus n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 non biting midge
Chironomus bituminosus n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 non biting midge
Chironomus antiquus n. sp. Von Heyden 1859 non biting midge
"Chironomus palaemon n. sp." = Tanypus palaemon4 von Heyden 1870 non biting midge
"Chironomus dorminans n. sp." = Tanypus dorminans4 von Heyden 1870 non biting midge
Chironomus perditus n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 non biting midge
 Diptera - Limoniidae
"Limnobia sturi n. sp." = Gonomyia sturi4, Erioptera danae n. sp.4
"Limnobia sturi n. sp." = Gonomyia sturi4 von Heyden 1870 crane fly
Erioptera danae n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 crane fly
Collection not stated, but almost all described material in this paper is from Krantz collection
 Diptera - Tipulidae
Ctenophora decheni Von Heyden 1859 crane fly
 Diptera - Ceratopogonidae
Simulia pasithea n. sp.4, "Ceratopogon alpheus n. sp." = Serromyia alphea4
Simulia pasithea n. sp.4 von Heyden 1870 biting midge
"Ceratopogon alpheus n. sp." = Serromyia alphea4 von Heyden 1870 biting midge
 Diptera - Simuliidae
"? Simulia sp." = Simulium4
"? Simulia sp." = Simulium4 Latreille 1802 black fly
 Diptera - Chaoboridae
"Culicites tertiarius n. sp." = Chaoborus tertiarius3
"Culicites tertiarius n. sp." = Chaoborus tertiarius3 von Heyden 1862 phantom midge
pupa
 Diptera - Culicidae
"Culex ceyx n. sp." = Neoculicites ceyx4, Culex sp.4
"Culex ceyx n. sp." = Neoculicites ceyx4 von Heyden 1870 mosquito
Culex sp.4 Linnaeus 1758 mosquito
 Odonata -
Agrion icarus n. sp.1, Agrion mysis n. sp.1, Agrion thais n. sp.1, "Ictinus fur n. sp." = Ictinogomphus fur1, Libellula ceres n. sp.1, Libellula cassandra n. sp.1
Agrion icarus n. sp.1 Hagen 1863 damselfly
Agrion mysis n. sp.1 Hagen 1863 damselfly
Agrion thais n. sp.1 Hagen 1863 damselfly
"Ictinus fur n. sp." = Ictinogomphus fur1 Hagen 1863 true dragonfly
Libellula ceres n. sp.1 Hagen 1863 true dragonfly
Libellula cassandra n. sp.1 Hagen 1863 true dragonfly
 Odonata - Libellulidae
"Libellula cellulosa n. sp." = Palaeotramea cellulosa1
"Libellula cellulosa n. sp." = Palaeotramea cellulosa1 Hagen 1863 common skimmer
Possibly includes GPIBo A-624, 626, 636, 636b, 637a (illustrated by Petrulevicius et al., 2011)
 Odonata - Aeshnidae
Aeschna dido n. sp.1
Aeschna dido n. sp.1 Hagen 1863 hawker dragonfly
 Megaloptera - Corydalidae
? Corydalis sp.3 Latreille 1802 dobsonfly
 Coleoptera - Scarabaeidae
Aphodius krantzi n. sp.6, Anomala thetis n. sp.6, Anomala primigenia n. sp.6, Anomala tumulata n. sp.6, "Anoplognathus rhenanus n. sp." = Mimela rhenana3, Pentodon bellerophon n. sp.6
Aphodius krantzi n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 scarab beetle
Anomala thetis n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 scarab beetle
Anomala primigenia n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 scarab beetle
Anomala tumulata n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 scarab beetle
"Anoplognathus rhenanus n. sp." = Mimela rhenana3 von Heyden 1862 scarab beetle
Pentodon bellerophon n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 rhinoceras beetle
 Coleoptera - Hydraenidae
Ochthebius plutonis n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 minute moss beetle
 Coleoptera - Staphylinidae
Anthophagus giebeli n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 rove beetle
Philonthus bituminosus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 rove beetle
"Staphylinus" "larva sp."6 Linnaeus 1758 rove beetle
Seniaulus scaphioides n. gen. n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 rove beetle
Oxyporus vulcanus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 rove beetle
Sunius demersus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 rove beetle
Stenus scribai n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 rove beetle
Tachyporus sepultus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 rove beetle
 Coleoptera - Hydrophilidae
"Hydrous neptunus n. sp." = Hydrobiomorpha fraterna6, "Philydrus morticinus n. sp." = Berosus (Berosus) morticinus6, "Laccobius excitatus n. sp." = Paracymus excitatus6
"Hydrous neptunus n. sp." = Hydrobiomorpha fraterna6 Von Heyden 1859 water scavenger beetle
NHM P(IV) 58745
"Philydrus morticinus n. sp." = Berosus (Berosus) morticinus6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 water scavenger beetle
NHM P(IV) 58747
"Laccobius excitatus n. sp." = Paracymus excitatus6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 water scavenger beetle
NHM P(IV) 58741
 Coleoptera - Ptinidae
Xyletinites tumbicola n. gen. n. sp.6, Ptinus primordialis n. sp.6
Xyletinites tumbicola n. gen. n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 spider beetle
Ptinus primordialis n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 spider beetle
 Coleoptera - Elateridae
Limonius optabilis3 Heer 1847 click beetle
 Coleoptera - Cantharidae
"Telephorus caducus n. sp." = Cantharis (Cantharis) caduca6, "Telephorus brodiei n. sp." = Cantharis (Cantharis) brodiei6, "Telephorus carbonarius n. sp." = Cantharis (Cantharis) carbonaria6
"Telephorus caducus n. sp." = Cantharis (Cantharis) caduca6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 soldier beetle
"Telephorus brodiei n. sp." = Cantharis (Cantharis) brodiei6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 soldier beetle
"Telephorus carbonarius n. sp." = Cantharis (Cantharis) carbonaria6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 soldier beetle
 Coleoptera - Lampyridae
Luciola extincta n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 beetle
 Coleoptera - Buprestidae
Agrilus baueri n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 jewel beetle
Dicerca taschei3 von Heyden 1856 jewel beetle
Perotis hausmanni n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 jewel beetle
 Coleoptera - Byrrhidae
Byrrhus exanimatus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 pill beetle
 Coleoptera - Attelabidae
Rhynchites hageni n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 tooth-nosed snout weevil
 Coleoptera - Anthribidae
"Urodon priscus n. sp." = Bruchela priscus3, Choragus tertiarius n. sp.6
"Urodon priscus n. sp." = Bruchela priscus3 von Heyden 1862 fungus weevil
Choragus tertiarius n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 fungus weevil
 Coleoptera - Curculionidae
"Magdalinus deucalionis n. sp." = Magdalis deucalionis6, "Magdalinus protogenius n. sp." = Magdalis protogenius6, Larinus bronni n. sp.6, Ceutorhynchus funeratus n. sp.6, Tychius manderstjernai n. sp.6, "Brachymycterus curculionoides n. gen. n. sp." = Brachymycterus curculionoides6, "Rhinocyllus improlus n. sp." = Brachymycterus curculionoides6, Hylobius antiquus n. sp.6, Cryptorhynchus renudus n. sp.3, Acalles icarus n. sp.6, Sphenophorus proluviosus n. sp.6
"Magdalinus deucalionis n. sp." = Magdalis deucalionis6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 snout beetle
"Magdalinus protogenius n. sp." = Magdalis protogenius6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 snout beetle
Larinus bronni n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 snout beetle
Ceutorhynchus funeratus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 snout beetle
Tychius manderstjernai n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 snout beetle
"Brachymycterus curculionoides n. gen. n. sp." = Brachymycterus curculionoides6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 snout beetle
Zherikhin (1992) mentions seven specimens at Bonn
"Rhinocyllus improlus n. sp." = Brachymycterus curculionoides6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 snout beetle
Hylobius antiquus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 snout beetle
Cryptorhynchus renudus n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 snout beetle
Acalles icarus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 snout beetle
Sphenophorus proluviosus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 snout beetle
 Coleoptera - Brentidae
Nanophyes japetus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 weevil
Apion primordiale n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 weevil
 Coleoptera - Cerambycidae
Dorcadion emeritum n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 longhorned beetle
Lamia petrificata n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 longhorned beetle
Hesthesis immortua n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 longhorned beetle
 Coleoptera - Chrysomelidae
Labidostomis pyrrha n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 leaf beetle
Plagiodera novata n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 leaf beetle
Lina sociata n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 leaf beetle
Lina populeti3 Heer 1847 leaf beetle
Cassida interemta n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 tortoise beetle
 Coleoptera - Peltidae
Peltis costulata n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 shield beetle
 Coleoptera - Coccinellidae
Coccinella antiqua n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 ladybird beetle
Coccinella bituminosa n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 ladybird beetle
Coccinella krantzi n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 ladybird beetle
Coccinella fossilis n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 ladybird beetle
Lasia primitiva n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 ladybird beetle
 Coleoptera - Ripiphoridae
"Myodites meyeri n. sp." = Ripiphorus meyeri6
"Myodites meyeri n. sp." = Ripiphorus meyeri6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 wedge shaped beetle
 Coleoptera - Meloidae
"Onitis magus n. sp." = Zonitis magus3, Mylabris deflorata n. sp.6
"Onitis magus n. sp." = Zonitis magus3 von Heyden 1862 blister beetle
Mylabris deflorata n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 blister beetle
 Coleoptera - Tenebrionidae
"Gonocephalum (Opatrum) pristinum n. sp." = Gonocephalum pristinum6, Platydema geinitzi n. sp.6, "Microzoum veteratum n. sp." = Melanimon veteratum6, Bolitophagus vetustus n. sp.6, Uloma avia n. sp.3
"Gonocephalum (Opatrum) pristinum n. sp." = Gonocephalum pristinum6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 darkling beetle
Platydema geinitzi n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 darkling beetle
"Microzoum veteratum n. sp." = Melanimon veteratum6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 darkling beetle
Bolitophagus vetustus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 darkling beetle
Uloma avia n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 darkling beetle
 Coleoptera - Ciidae
Cis krantzi n. sp.6
Cis krantzi n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 minute tree-fungus beetle
 Coleoptera - Dytiscidae
Agabus reductus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 predaceous diving beetle
 Coleoptera - Carabidae
Harpalus abolitus n. sp.6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 ground beetle
 Coleoptera - Hygrobiidae
"Pelobius cretzschmari n. sp." = Hygrobia cretzschmari6
"Pelobius cretzschmari n. sp." = Hygrobia cretzschmari6 von Heyden and von Heyden 1866 beetle
 Lepidoptera - Hesperiidae
"Vanessa vetula n. sp." = Thanatites vetula
"Vanessa vetula n. sp." = Thanatites vetula Von Heyden 1859 skipper
 Hymenoptera - Apidae
Anthophora effossa n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 bee
Apis dormitans n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 bee
 Hymenoptera - Megachilidae
Osmia carbonum n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 mason bee
BMNH 58779, 58768
 Plecoptera - Leuctridae
Leuctra antiqua n. sp.1 Hagen 1863 rolled-winged stonefly
 Blattodea - Blattidae
Blatta pauperata n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 cockroach
 Blattodea - Kalotermitidae
"Calotermes rhenanus n. sp." = Kalotermes rhenanus1
"Calotermes rhenanus n. sp." = Kalotermes rhenanus1 Hagen 1863 termite
 Hemiptera - Notonectidae
Notonecta primaeva n. sp. Von Heyden 1859 true bug
 Hemiptera -
Limnochares antiquus n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 true bug
Branchiopoda
 Cladocera -
Daphnia fossilis n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862 water flea
Arachnida
 Araneae - Araneidae
Gea krantzi n. sp.
Gea krantzi n. sp. Von Heyden 1859 orb-weaving spider
Phytoptus antiquus
  -
Phytoptus antiquus n. sp.3 von Heyden 1862