PBDB Collection

Isle of Hope (Pleistocene of the United States)

Where: Chatham County, Georgia (32.0° N, 81.1° W: paleocoordinates 32.0° N, 81.1° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: oxygen isotope stage 5 zone, Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

• specimens are from both the banks and bed of a modern channel, suggesting that more than one bed was collected

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: marginal marine; lithology not reported

• no details given

• none given

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collection methods: bulk, sieve,

Primary reference: R. C. Hulbert, Jr. and A. E. Pratt. 1998. Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) vertebrate faunas from coastal Georgia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18(2):412-429 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 20604: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.10.1995

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• preliminary and incomplete list given by Pratt and Hulbert 1995b

•NISP 177

Show authors, comments, and common names

Actinopteri
Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae	Lepisosteus sp. Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843 gar
Anguilliformes - Muraenidae	Muraenidae indet. Muraenidae indet. eel
Elopiformes - Elopidae	Elops saurus Elops saurus
Clupeiformes - Clupeoidei	Clupeidae indet., cf. Alosa sp. Clupeidae indet. Cuvier 1817 herring cf. Alosa sp. Linck 1790 herring
Siluriformes - Ariidae	Arius felis Arius felis Ariid catfish
Aulopiformes - Synodontidae	Synodus sp. Synodus sp. Scopoli 1777
Batrachoidiformes - Batrachoididae	Batrachoididae indet., Opsanus sp. Batrachoididae indet. toadfish Opsanus sp. Rafinesque 1818 toadfish
Pleuronectiformes - Bothidae	Bothidae indet. Bothidae indet. flatfish
Cyprinodontiformes - Fundulidae	Fundulus sp. Fundulus sp. Lacépède 1803
Mugiliformes - Mugilidae	Mugil sp. Mugil sp. Linnaeus 1758
Scombriformes - Trichiuridae	Trichiurus sp. Trichiurus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Perciformes -	Bairdiella cf. chrysoura Bairdiella cf. chrysoura perch-like fish
Perciformes - Sparidae	Archosargus probatocephalus, Lagodon rhomboides Archosargus probatocephalus Walbaum 1792 perch-like fish Lagodon rhomboides Linnaeus 1766 perch-like fish
Tetraodontiformes - Ostraciidae	Lactophrys sp. Lactophrys sp. Swainson 1839
Tetraodontiformes - Balistidae	Balistes sp. Balistes sp. Linnaeus 1758
Tetraodontiformes - Tetraodontidae	Tetraodontidae indet. Tetraodontidae indet.
Tetraodontiformes - Diodontidae	Diodontidae indet. Diodontidae indet.
Acanthuriformes - Sciaenidae	Pogonias cromis Pogonias cromis Cope 1869 black drum
Istiophoriformes - Sphyraenidae	Sphyraena sp. Sphyraena sp. Artedi 1793 barracuda
Scorpaeniformes - Triglidae	Prionotus sp. Prionotus sp. Lacépède 1802 sea robin
Mammalia
Artiodactyla - Bovidae	Bison sp. Bison sp. Hamilton-Smith 1827 bison
Artiodactyla - Cervidae	Odocoileus virginianus Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann 1780 white-tailed deer
Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae	Mylohyus fossilis Mylohyus fossilis Leidy 1860 peccary
Perissodactyla - Tapiridae	"Tapirus veroensis" = Tapirus (Helicotapirus) veroensis "Tapirus veroensis" = Tapirus (Helicotapirus) veroensis Sellards 1918 tapir
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Equus sp. Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758 horse
Carnivora - Felidae	Leopardus sp., Lynx rufus Leopardus sp. Gray 1842 cat Lynx rufus Schreber 1777 bobcat
Carnivora - Ursidae	Ursidae indet. Ursidae indet. Gray 1825 bear
Carnivora - Procyonidae	Procyon lotor Procyon lotor Linnaeus 1758 raccoon
Carnivora - Mustelidae	Lontra canadensis¹ Lontra canadensis¹ Schreber 1776 North American river otter
Soricomorpha - Talpidae	Scalopus aquaticus Scalopus aquaticus Linnaeus 1758 eastern mole
Soricomorpha - Soricidae	Blarina carolinensis, Blarina brevicauda Blarina carolinensis Bachman 1837 southern short-tailed shrew Blarina brevicauda Say 1823 northern short-tailed shrew
Rodentia - Castoridae	Castor canadensis Castor canadensis Kuhl 1820 American beaver
Rodentia - Cricetidae	Neotoma floridana, "Pitymys pinetorum" = Microtus pinetorum¹, Microtus pennsylvanicus, Oryzomys palustris, Synaptomys australis, Sigmodon hispidus, Peromyscus cf. polionotus, Neofiber alleni Neotoma floridana Ord 1818 eastern woodrat "Pitymys pinetorum" = Microtus pinetorum¹ Le Conte 1830 woodland vole Microtus pennsylvanicus Ord 1815 meadow vole Oryzomys palustris Harlan 1837 marsh rice rat Synaptomys australis Simpson 1928 rodent Sigmodon hispidus Say and Ord 1825 hispid cotton rat Peromyscus cf. polionotus Wagner 1843 oldfield mouse Neofiber alleni True 1884 round-tailed muskrat
Rodentia - Sciuridae	Glaucomys volans, Sciurus carolinensis Glaucomys volans Linnaeus 1758 southern flying squirrel Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin 1788 eastern gray squirrel
Lagomorpha - Leporidae	Sylvilagus palustris, Sylvilagus floridanus Sylvilagus palustris Bachman 1837 marsh rabbit Sylvilagus floridanus Allen 1890 eastern cottontail
Proboscidea - Mammutidae	Mammut americanum Mammut americanum Kerr 1792 American mastodon
Megatherioidea - Megatheriidae	Eremotherium laurillardi Eremotherium laurillardi Lund 1842 edentate (considering that four numbered specimens appear to represent one individual)
- Mylodontidae	Paramylodon harlani Paramylodon harlani Owen 1840 Harlan's ground sloth
Cingulata - Dasypodidae	Dasypus bellus Dasypus bellus Simpson 1929 beautiful armadillo plus 135 osteoderms
Didelphimorphia - Didelphidae	Didelphis virginiana Didelphis virginiana Kerr 1792 Virginia opossum
Reptilia
Testudines - Kinosternidae	"Kinosternidae indet." = Kinosternoidea "Kinosternidae indet." = Kinosternoidea Hay 1892 mud turtle
Testudines - Kinosternoidea	Kinosternon sp., Sternotherus sp. Kinosternon sp. von Spix 1824 mud turtle Sternotherus sp. Gray 1825 musk turtle
Testudines - Emydidae	Terrapene carolina, Deirochelys reticularia, Pseudemys cf. concinna Terrapene carolina Linnaeus 1758 common box turtle Deirochelys reticularia Latreille 1801 Chicken turtle Pseudemys cf. concinna Le Conte 1830 eastern river cooter
Testudines - Testudinidae	Hesperotestudo crassicutata, "Hesperotestudo incisa" = Hesperotestudo turgida, Gopherus polyphemus Hesperotestudo crassicutata turtle "Hesperotestudo incisa" = Hesperotestudo turgida Cope 1892 turtle Gopherus polyphemus Daudin 1802 Florida gopher tortoise
Testudines - Chelydridae	Chelydra serpentina Chelydra serpentina Linnaeus 1758 Common snapping turtle
Crocodylia - Alligatoridae	Alligator mississippiensis Alligator mississippiensis Daudin 1801 American alligator
Aves
Anseriformes - Anatidae	Anas sp. Anas sp. Linnaeus 1758 dabbling duck "Anas rubripes or Anas platyrhinchos"
Reptilia
Serpentes -	Serpentes indet. Serpentes indet. snake
Squamata - Colubridae	Heterodon sp., Pituophis melanoleucas, Coluber constrictor, Thamnophis sirtalis, Regina sp., Nerodia fasciata Heterodon sp. Latreille 1801 hog-nosed snake Pituophis melanoleucas gopher snake Coluber constrictor Linnaeus 1758 black racer Thamnophis sirtalis Linnaeus garter snake Regina sp. Baird and Girard 1853 crayfish snake Nerodia fasciata Linnaeus 1766 banded water snake
Squamata - Crotalidae	Agkistrodon piscivorus, Crotalus sp. Agkistrodon piscivorus cottonmouth Crotalus sp. Linnaeus 1758 rattlesnake
Amphibia
Salientia - Hylidae	Pseudacris ornata Pseudacris ornata Holbrook 1836 ornate chorus frog
Salientia - Bufonidae	Bufo sp. Bufo sp. Laurenti 1768 toad
Salientia - Ranidae	Rana catesbiana Rana catesbiana frog
Caudata - Urodela	Amphiuma sp.², Siren cf. intermedia, Notophthalmus viridescens, "Ambystoma cf. maculatum" = Amblystoma maculatum Amphiuma sp.² Garden 1821 amphiuma Siren cf. intermedia siren Notophthalmus viridescens Rafinesque 1820 Eastern newt "Ambystoma cf. maculatum" = Amblystoma maculatum Shaw 1802 Spotted salamander
Chondrichthyes
Lamniformes - Carchariidae	Carcharias taurus Carcharias taurus Rafinesque 1810 sand shark
Orectolobiformes - Ginglymostomatidae	Ginglymostoma cirratum Ginglymostoma cirratum Gmelin 1789 nurse shark
Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae	Galeocerdo cuvier Galeocerdo cuvier Peron and LeSueur 1822 tiger shark
Carcharhiniformes - Sphyrnidae	Sphyrna tiburo Sphyrna tiburo hammerhead shark
Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae	Rhizoprionodon terraenovae, Carcharhinus sp., Carcharhinus obscurus, Carcharhinus leucas, Negaprion brevirostris Rhizoprionodon terraenovae sharpnose shark Carcharhinus sp. de Blainville 1816 requiem shark Carcharhinus obscurus Le Sueur 1818 requiem shark "or possibly Carcharhinus acronotus" Carcharhinus leucas Valenciennes 1839 requiem shark Negaprion brevirostris Poey 1868 lemon shark
Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae	Myliobatidae indet. Myliobatidae indet. Bonaparte 1838 eagle ray
Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae	Dasyatidae indet. Dasyatidae indet. Jordan 1888 whiptail stingray
Myliobatiformes - Aetobatidae	Aetobatus narinari Aetobatus narinari Euphrasen 1790 stingray
Bivalvia
Nuculida - Nuculidae	"Nucula proxima" = Nucula (Nucula) proxima "Nucula proxima" = Nucula (Nucula) proxima Say 1820 Atlantic Nut Clam
Pectinida - Anomiidae	Anomia simplex Anomia simplex d'Orbigny 1845 jingle
Arcida - Noetiidae	"Noetia ponderosa" = Eontia ponderosa "Noetia ponderosa" = Eontia ponderosa Say 1822 clam
Arcida - Arcidae	"Anadara ovalis" = Lunarca ovalis, "Anadara brasiliana" = Anadara (Cunearca) brasiliana, "Anadara transversa" = Anadara (Larkinia) transversa "Anadara ovalis" = Lunarca ovalis Bruguiere 1789 ark "Anadara brasiliana" = Anadara (Cunearca) brasiliana Lamarck 1819 ark "Anadara transversa" = Anadara (Larkinia) transversa Say 1822 ark
Carditida - Carditidae	Pleuromeris tridentata Pleuromeris tridentata Say 1826 clam
Lucinida - Lucinidae	"Divaricella quadrisulcata" = Divalinga quadrisulcata "Divaricella quadrisulcata" = Divalinga quadrisulcata d'Orbigny 1846 clam
Cardiida - Mactridae	Mulinia lateralis Mulinia lateralis Say 1822 clam
Cardiida - Semelidae	Abra aequalis Abra aequalis Say 1822 abra
Cardiida - Donacidae	"Donax variabilis" = Serrula variabilis "Donax variabilis" = Serrula variabilis Say 1822 clam
Gastropoda
Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae	Epitonium rupicola Epitonium rupicola Kurtz 1860 wentletrap
Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae	"Polinices duplicatus" = Neverita duplicatus "Polinices duplicatus" = Neverita duplicatus Say 1822 moon snail
Neogastropoda - Melongenidae	Busycon carica Busycon carica Gmelin 1792 whelk
Neogastropoda - Olividae	"Oliva sayana" = Oliva (Ispidula) sayana "Oliva sayana" = Oliva (Ispidula) sayana Ravenel 1834 olive snail
Neogastropoda - Terebridae	"Terebra dislocata" = Strioterebrum dislocatum "Terebra dislocata" = Strioterebrum dislocatum Say 1822 auger snail
Neogastropoda - Muricidae	Eupleura caudata Eupleura caudata Say 1822 murex snail

¹Alroy 2002; ²Parmley et al. 2007