El Carmen, 6 mi. W of (Horizon F) (Eocene of Colombia)

Where: Colombia (9.8° N, 75.2° W: paleocoordinates 7.2° N, 67.7° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Bartonian (41.3 - 38.0 Ma)

• STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From a unit referred to as the Carmen section of the Eocene, for which lithostratigraphic relations are unclear. AGE: Eocene, though not clear; age assignment reassigned based on the known biostratigraphic ranges of constituent taxa in more recent literature; here assigned to Bartonian (early Middle Eocene), but it is acknowledged that considerable constituent taxa have known age ranges extending (but not exclusive) to the Late Eocene and Ypresian. STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: From Horizon F of the Carmen section.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: coastal; poorly lithified, concretionary shale and lithified, concretionary sandstone

• ENVIRONMENT: Shallow marine siliciclastic.
• SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Concretionary sandy shale, sandstone. LITHIFICATION: Poorly lithified, on the basis of figured specimens.

Size class: macrofossils

Collected by Anderson

• COLLECTOR: F. Anderson, c. 1920's. REPOSITORY: California Academy of Sciences.

Primary reference: F. M. Anderson. 1928. Notes on Lower Tertiary deposits of Colombia and their molluscan and foraminiferal fauna. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 17(1):1-29 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 88278: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 06.04.2009

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• COVERAGE: Exhaustive for gastropods, bivalves and forams. NOMENCLATURE: Authoritative publication, with antiquated nomenclature, but with species-resolution identifications.
Foraminifera
 Nummulitacea - Nummulitidae
Nummulites carmenensis n. sp. Anderson 1928
Anthozoa
 Scleractinia - Poritidae
Goniopora andersoni n. sp. stony coral
Gastropoda
 Trochoidea - Solariellidae
 Vanikoroidea - Eulimidae
? Eulima sp. Risso 1826 snail
 Neotaenioglossa - Calyptraeidae
"Calyptraea cf. aperta" = Calyptraea (Trochita) aperta
"Calyptraea cf. aperta" = Calyptraea (Trochita) aperta Solander 1766 slipper shell
 Cerithioidea - Planaxidae
Fossarus (Isapsis) bolivarensis Clark and Durham 1946 snail
 Cerithioidea - Turritellidae
Turritella humerosa Conrad 1835 turret shell
Turritella obruta Conrad 1833 turret shell
 Architaenioglossa - Ampullinidae
"Pseudocrommium carmenensis" = Pachycrommium carmenensis
"Pseudocrommium carmenensis" = Pachycrommium carmenensis Clark and Durham 1946 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Strombidae
Ectinochilus olssoni Clark and Durham 1946 true conch
 Neogastropoda - Olivellidae
 Neogastropoda - Olividae
Ancilla (Olivula) staminea Conrad 1832 olive snail
 Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
Pseudoliva sp. Swainson 1840 true whelk
 Neogastropoda - Fasciolariidae
Clavilithes cf. harrisi Woods 1922 snail
 Neogastropoda - Melongenidae
"Levifusus cf. pagoda" = Levifusus pagodiformis
"Levifusus cf. pagoda" = Levifusus pagodiformis Heilprin 1881 snail
 Neogastropoda - Terebridae
 Neogastropoda - Turridae
"Pleurofusia carmenensis" = Coronia carmenensis
"Pleurofusia carmenensis" = Coronia carmenensis Anderson 1928 turrid
 Neogastropoda - Volutidae
 Neogastropoda - Harpidae
Morum (Herculea) caracoli Anderson 1928 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Ficidae
"Pyrula cf. juvensis" = Ficus
"Pyrula cf. juvensis" = Ficus fig shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Capulidae
Lysis sp. Gabb 1864 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae
"Sigaretus cf. bilix" = Sinum bilix, Natica sp.
"Sigaretus cf. bilix" = Sinum bilix Conrad 1833 moon snail
Natica sp. Scopoli 1777 moon snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Cerithiopsidae
 Sorbeoconcha - Tornidae
 Tectibranchia - Akeridae
Akera bolivarensis n. sp. Anderson 1928 snail
Bivalvia
 Arcida - Arcidae
Arca sp. Linnaeus 1758 ark
 Arcida - Glycymerididae
Glycymeris caracoli Anderson 1928 clam
 Lucinida - Lucinidae
"Volupia bolivarensis n. sp." = Lucina (Here) bolivarensis
"Volupia bolivarensis n. sp." = Lucina (Here) bolivarensis Anderson 1928 clam
 Pholadida - Corbulidae
Corbula (Caryocorbula) carmenensis Clark and Durham 1946 clam
Corbula cf. arnoldi Woods 1922 clam
 Cardiida - Veneridae
"Cytherea perovata" = Callista (Callista) perovata Conrad 1833 venus clam
 Cardiida - Mactridae
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
 Cardiida - Tellinidae
 Carditida - Carditidae
 Nuculida - Nuculidae
Nucula andersoni Clark and Durham 1946 nut clam
Scaphopoda
 Gadilida - Gadilidae
Cadulus sp. Philippi 1844 tusk shell
 Dentaliida - Dentaliidae
Dentalium sp. Linnaeus 1758 tusk shell
Malacostraca
 Decapoda - Xanthidae
? Xanthopsis sp. M'Coy 1849 stone crab