Where: Para, Brazil (0.8° S, 47.1° W: paleocoordinates 0.8° S, 43.0° W)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• outcrop-level geographic resolution
When: Pirabas Formation, Early/Lower Miocene (23.0 - 16.0 Ma)
• Horizontal beds of limestone near sea level. Closely associated with faunas of the Gatun, Bowden, and the Gurabo and Cercado Fm, but containing Orthaulax, which is not recorded in beds younger than the Chipola Fm of Florida, older than the above units. It is also present in the Baitoa Fm of the Dominican Republic. Maury (1924) therefore considered the fauna to be of Early Miocene age. Also shows close affinities to the Aquitanian srafe of France. Maury correlates this unit to the Chipola Fm of Florida and the Aquitanian of France. This was the lowest unit yet identified in the Neogene of Brazil.
• bed-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: shallow subtidal; lithified, shelly/skeletal, gray limestone and lithified, sideritic, shelly/skeletal, brown limestone
Size class: macrofossils
Preservation: cast, mold/impression
Collection methods: quarrying,
• Artificial casts of the external molds were made. Collected by F. de Carvalho for G. de Campos of the Brazil Geological Survey. Types are reposited at the Museum of the Brazil Geological Survey.
Primary reference: C. J. Maury. 1924. Fosseis Terciarios Do Brazil. Servico Geologico E Mineralogico Do Brazil Monographia 49 [A. Miller/A. Hendy/P. Wagner]more details
Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis
PaleoDB collection 60979: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 28.05.2006
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Gymnolaemata | |
Cupularia canariensis Busk 1859 | |
Bivalvia | |
"Ostrea glucumarides n. sp." = Cubitostrea glucumarides Maury 1924 oyster
Ostrea distans oyster
Ostrea procyonis Maury 1924 oyster | |
Pteria serini n. sp.
Pteria serini n. sp. pearl oyster | |
Plicatula flabellifera n. sp.
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Anomia simplex d'Orbigny 1845 jingle | |
Spondylus pinguisculus, "Pecten indissolubilis n. sp." = Chlamys (Chlamys) indissolubilis, "Pecten callimorphus n. sp." = Chlamys (Chlamys) callimorphus, "Pecten thalerus n. sp." = Chlamys (Chlamys) thalerus, Pecten daudeleus n. sp., Pecten thaumastus n. sp., Pecten grapteus n. sp.
Spondylus pinguisculus scallop
"Pecten indissolubilis n. sp." = Chlamys (Chlamys) indissolubilis Maury 1924 scallop
"Pecten callimorphus n. sp." = Chlamys (Chlamys) callimorphus Maury 1924 scallop
"Pecten thalerus n. sp." = Chlamys (Chlamys) thalerus Maury 1924 scallop
Pecten daudeleus n. sp. scallop
Pecten thaumastus n. sp. Maury 1924 scallop
Pecten grapteus n. sp. Maury 1924 scallop | |
Glycymeris bineminis, Glycymeris crashleyi n. sp., Glycymeris eumita n. sp., Glycymeris linda n. sp., Glycymeris baumanni n. sp., Glycymeris naiadis n. sp.
Glycymeris bineminis clam
Glycymeris crashleyi n. sp. Maury 1924 clam
Glycymeris eumita n. sp. Maury 1924 clam
Glycymeris linda n. sp. Maury 1924 clam
Glycymeris baumanni n. sp. Maury 1924 clam | |
"Scapharca crandalli n. sp." = Scapharca (Cunearca) crandalli, "Scapharca melloi n. sp." = Scapharca (Cunearca) melloi, "Scapharca inaequilateralis" = Anadara (Sectiarca) inaequilateralis, "Scapharca henekeni" = Anadara (Sectiarca) henekeni, Scapharca textilicostata, Scapharca paraensis, Scapharca pertenuicostata n. sp., Scapharca "sp. 1", Scapharca "sp. 2", Scapharca "sp. 3", Scapharca "sp. 4", Scapharca pinguescens n. sp., Scapharca vanwinkleae n. sp., Scapharca crashleyi n. sp.
"Scapharca crandalli n. sp." = Scapharca (Cunearca) crandalli Maury 1924 ark Resembles: S. corcupidonis, S. hispaniolana, and S. riocanensis
"Scapharca melloi n. sp." = Scapharca (Cunearca) melloi Maury 1924 ark Resembles: A. transversa, A. improcera, and A. caimitica (Dom. Rep.)
"Scapharca inaequilateralis" = Anadara (Sectiarca) inaequilateralis Maury 1917 ark Resembles: A. gatunensis (Gatun)
"Scapharca henekeni" = Anadara (Sectiarca) henekeni Maury 1917 ark Resembles: S. hypomela, S. lienosa, S. secticosta, and S. halidonta
Scapharca "sp. 1" Gray 1847 clam
Scapharca "sp. 2" Gray 1847 clam
Scapharca "sp. 4" Gray 1847 clam Resembles: S. staminata (Olig., FL), S. chiriquiensis, and S. anguillana (Ant., Olig.)
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Cardita (Carditamera) manteia n. sp., Venericardia perumbonata, Venericardia philotima n. sp., Venericardia isaurae n. sp., Venericardia perimetra n. sp., Venericardia thaleia n. sp., Venericardia pseudowilmotii n. sp.
Venericardia isaurae n. sp. Maury 1924 clam
Venericardia thaleia n. sp. Maury 1924 clam | |
Solen (Solena) obliquus Spengler 1794 clam | |
"Cardium (Trachycardium) paraense" = Trachycardium, "Cardium (Trachycardium) sp." = Trachycardium, "Cardium (Laevicardium) serratum" = Laevicardium serratum, Cardium (Trachycardium) philotarium n. sp., "Cardium (Trachycardium) thalassium n. sp." = Agnocardia thalassium, "Cardium (Trachycardium) pessoae n. sp." = Agnocardia pessoae, "Cardium (Nemocardium) indistinctum" = Nemocardium, "Cardium (Fragum) proavitum" = Fragum, "Cardium (Trigoniocardium) cordeliae n. sp." = Trigoniocardia cordeliae
"Cardium (Trachycardium) paraense" = Trachycardium cockle
"Cardium (Trachycardium) sp." = Trachycardium Mörch 1853 cockle Resembles: C. muricatum [Trachycardium]
"Cardium (Laevicardium) serratum" = Laevicardium serratum Linnaeus 1758 cockle
Cardium (Trachycardium) philotarium n. sp. Maury 1924 cockle
"Cardium (Trachycardium) thalassium n. sp." = Agnocardia thalassium Maury 1925 cockle Resembles C. paraense
"Cardium (Trachycardium) pessoae n. sp." = Agnocardia pessoae Maury 1925 cockle
"Cardium (Fragum) proavitum" = Fragum cockle
"Cardium (Trigoniocardium) cordeliae n. sp." = Trigoniocardia cordeliae Maury 1924 cockle | |
Semele ferreirae n. sp.
Semele ferreirae n. sp. clam | |
Tagelus whitei n. sp.
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Macoma (Psammacoma) riopirabica n. sp. Maury 1924 tellin clam Resembles: M. holmesii (Mio., NC), and M. brevifrons (Rec.)
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Chama pannicularia, Chama eudeiela n. sp., Chama sp., Chama callipona n. sp., Echinochama praearcinella n. sp., Echinochama pristina n. sp.
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Mactra defossa n. sp.
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"Dosinia (Dosinidia) brasiliensis" = Dosinia (Dosinia) delicatissima, ? Chione cordeliae n. sp., Chione (Chione) paraensis, Chione (Chione) thalassopora n. sp., Venus prototypa, "Chione (Lirophora) praepaphia n. sp." = Lirophora, "Chione (Lirophora) penthesileae n. sp." = Lirophora, "Chione (Chione) agraria" = Chione (Lirophora) agraria, Antigona (Ventricola) thalestris n. sp., Antigona (Ventricola) sanctaenoctis n. sp., "Macrocallista (Paradione) maculata" = Macrocallista maculata, "Macrocallista (Paradione) pirabica n. sp." = Pitar (Paradione), "Callocardia (Agriopoma) euglypta n. sp." = Pitar (Pitar) euglyptus, "Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) perarcana n. sp." = Lamelliconcha, "Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) baumanni n. sp." = Lamelliconcha, Callocardia recondita n. sp., Callocardia (Agriopoma) obscurata, Callocardia (Agriopoma) hartti n. sp.
"Dosinia (Dosinidia) brasiliensis" = Dosinia (Dosinia) delicatissima Brown and Pilsbry 1913 venus clam Resembles: D. chipolana
Chione (Chione) paraensis White 1887 venus clam Resembles: C. cortinaria, C. cribraria, C. intapurpurea, C. pubera and C. woodwardi
"Chione (Lirophora) praepaphia n. sp." = Lirophora venus clam Resembles: C. (L.) glyptocyma, burnsii, hendersoni, and paphia
"Chione (Chione) agraria" = Chione (Lirophora) agraria White 1887 venus clam
Antigona (Ventricola) thalestris n. sp. venus clam Includes subspecies: A. thalestris amazoniana;resembles: A. (V.) rugatina, and A. blandiana
"Macrocallista (Paradione) maculata" = Macrocallista maculata Linnaeus 1758 venus clam
"Macrocallista (Paradione) pirabica n. sp." = Pitar (Paradione) venus clam
"Callocardia (Agriopoma) euglypta n. sp." = Pitar (Pitar) euglyptus Maury 1925 venus clam Affinities with: C. trigonata (Eoc., AL), and C. hatchetigbeensis, bastropensis and winnensis
Callocardia recondita n. sp. venus clam
Callocardia (Agriopoma) hartti n. sp. venus clam | |
Corbula delgada n. sp., Corbula giga n. sp., Corbula pauciornata n. sp., Corbula querida n. sp., Corbula mimosa n. sp., Corbula sp.
Corbula pauciornata n. sp. clam
Corbula sp. Bruguière 1789 clam | |
Lucina querida n. sp., "Phacoides (Lucinisca) luciniolae n. sp." = Lucina (Lucinisca), "Phacoides (Lucinisca) fluctivagus n. sp." = Lucina (Lucinisca) fluctivaga, "Phacoides (Here) glomeramen n. sp." = Linga (Linga) glomeramen, Phacoides (Here) eudaidalus n. sp., Phacoides (Lucinisca) thalassogonus n. sp.
"Phacoides (Lucinisca) luciniolae n. sp." = Lucina (Lucinisca) clam Resembles: L. calhounensis (Olig., FL) and L. hoveyi
"Phacoides (Lucinisca) fluctivagus n. sp." = Lucina (Lucinisca) fluctivaga Maury 1924 clam Resembles: L. nassula
"Phacoides (Here) glomeramen n. sp." = Linga (Linga) glomeramen Maury 1924 clam Resembles: P. (L.) podagrinus
Phacoides (Lucinisca) thalassogonus n. sp. Maury 1924 clam | |
Gastropoda | |
Scaphander paraensis n. sp.
Scaphander paraensis n. sp. snail | |
Retusa (Cylichnina) arcana n. sp.
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Umbraculum derbyi n. sp.
Umbraculum derbyi n. sp. snail | |
"Solarium intraornatum" = Architectonica nobilis, "Solarium granulatum" = Architectonica nobilis
"Solarium granulatum" = Architectonica nobilis Röding 1798 sundial | |
Crucibulum faustum, "Calyptraea cf. aperta" = Calyptraea (Trochita) aperta, Calyptraea cf. centralis
Crucibulum faustum slipper shell
"Calyptraea cf. aperta" = Calyptraea (Trochita) aperta Solander 1766 slipper shell
Calyptraea cf. centralis Conrad 1841 slipper shell | |
"Strombus cf. gigas" = Lobatus gigas, "Strombus cf. aldrichi" = Persististrombus aldrichi
"Strombus cf. gigas" = Lobatus gigas Linnaeus 1758 true conch
"Strombus cf. aldrichi" = Persististrombus aldrichi Dall 1890 true conch Resembles: S. bifrons (Dom. Rep., Jam.)
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Orthaulax brasiliensis n. sp.
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"Pyrula paraensis n. sp." = Ficus paraensis
"Pyrula paraensis n. sp." = Ficus paraensis White 1887 fig shell Resembles: P. papyratia, and P. reticulata
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Vasum cf. haitensis, "Xancus brasilianus n. sp." = Turbinella brasilianus, "Xancus sp." = Turbinella, "Xancus gratus n. sp." = Turbinella gratus
Vasum cf. haitensis Sowerby 1850 snail
"Xancus brasilianus n. sp." = Turbinella brasilianus Maury 1934 snail Resembles: X. validus, X. wilsoni, and X. scolymus
"Xancus gratus n. sp." = Turbinella gratus Maury 1934 snail | |
Marginella truncata, Marginella acuta, Marginella multiplicata, Marginella crassiplicata, Marginella pirabica n. sp., Marginella paraensis n. sp., Marginella perlatens n. sp.
Marginella truncata margin shell
Marginella acuta margin shell
Marginella multiplicata margin shell
Marginella crassiplicata margin shell
Marginella perlatens n. sp. margin shell | |
"Trophon (Boreotrophon) tropica n. sp." = Boreotrophon, "Murex cf. yaquensis" = Chicoreus (Siratus) yaquensis, "Murex brevifrons" = Chicoreus (Chicoreus) brevifrons, "Murex pennae n. sp." = Murex (Haustellum) pennae, "Murex messorius" = Vokesimurex messorius, "Murex toreia n. sp." = Murex (Murex) toreia
"Trophon (Boreotrophon) tropica n. sp." = Boreotrophon murex snail Resembles: T. lacineatus, and T. lacunellus
"Murex cf. yaquensis" = Chicoreus (Siratus) yaquensis Maury 1917 murex snail
"Murex brevifrons" = Chicoreus (Chicoreus) brevifrons Lamarck 1822 murex snail
"Murex pennae n. sp." = Murex (Haustellum) pennae Maury 1934 murex snail Similar form to M. messorius
"Murex messorius" = Vokesimurex messorius Sowerby 1841 murex snail
"Murex toreia n. sp." = Murex (Murex) toreia Maury 1925 murex snail | |
"Lyria calligona n. sp." = Voluta calligona, Lyria musicinoides n. sp.
"Lyria calligona n. sp." = Voluta calligona Maury 1934 volute | |
Morum harrisi n. sp.
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Cancellaria hartti n. sp., Cancellaria pirabensis n. sp., Cancellaria euclethra n. sp., Cancellaria praeindentata n. sp., Cancellaria subtilicancellata n. sp.
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Ancilla (Sparella) mutila, Oliva paraensis n. sp., Oliva pirabica n. sp., Olivella paraensis n. sp., Olivella subperdita n. sp., Olivella calcis n. sp.
Oliva paraensis n. sp. olive snail
Oliva pirabica n. sp. olive snail Resembles: O. liodes (Chipola), O. gatunensis, O. brevispina, and O. giraudi
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Amalda (Amalda) branneri n. sp.
Amalda (Amalda) branneri n. sp. snail Resembles: A. cingulata (Aust.), A. tankerville, and A. shepardi (Tampa)
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"Drillia consors" = Hindsiclava consors Sowerby 1850 snail Includes subspecies: D. consors pennae; resembles: D. militaris, D. alesiodata.
Drillia crandalli n. sp. snail | |
Conus whitei n. sp. cone shell
Conus longesperatus n. sp. cone shell
Conus sp. Linnaeus 1758 cone shell | |
"Terebra clethra n. sp." = Strioterebrum clethra, Terebra denotans n. sp., Terebra peramabilis n. sp., Terebra paraensis n. sp.
"Terebra clethra n. sp." = Strioterebrum clethra Maury 1925 auger snail | |
"Pleurotoma barretti" = Polystira barretti1 Guppy 1866 turrid Subspecies: T. albida paraensis; in the pool of subspecies including: virgo, tellea, antillarum, haitensis, and barretti
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Melongena sp. Schumacher 1817 snail | |
"Alectrion praetrivittata n. sp." = Nassarius (Alectrion), "Alectrion priraboca n. sp." = Nassarius (Alectrion), Fusus doris, Fusus soperi n. sp., Fusus baumanni n. sp.
"Alectrion praetrivittata n. sp." = Nassarius (Alectrion) snail Resembles: A. trivittata (Rec.) and A. trivittatoides
"Alectrion priraboca n. sp." = Nassarius (Alectrion) snail
Fusus doris snail
Fusus soperi n. sp. snail | |
Colubraria paraensis n. sp., Tritonidea amazonica n. sp., Tritonidea arcana n. sp., "Phos fictilis n. sp." = Antillophos fictilis, Siphonalia harrisi n. sp.
Tritonidea amazonica n. sp. true whelk
Tritonidea arcana n. sp. true whelk
"Phos fictilis n. sp." = Antillophos fictilis Maury 1934 true whelk Resembles: P. fasciolatus (Mio., Antilles)
Siphonalia harrisi n. sp. true whelk | |
Fasciolaria restituta n. sp.
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Phalium paraensis n. sp., Sconsia felix n. sp.
Sconsia felix n. sp. Maury 1934 snail | |
"Murex williamsi n. sp." = Monoplex williamsi, "Simpulum chlorostomoides n. sp." = Monoplex chlorostomoides, "Simpulum infelix n. sp." = Monoplex infelix
"Murex williamsi n. sp." = Monoplex williamsi Maury 1910 triton shell
"Simpulum chlorostomoides n. sp." = Monoplex chlorostomoides Maury 1924 triton shell Resembles: S. chlorostomum (Rec.)
"Simpulum infelix n. sp." = Monoplex infelix Maury 1924 triton shell Resembles: S. antillarum cercadicum (Dom. Rep.)
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Cypraea pennae White 1887 cowry | |
Serpulorbis amazoniana n. sp., Serpulorbis corticescupturata n. sp., "Vermetus (? Petaloconchus) subvarians n. sp." = Petaloconchus
Serpulorbis corticescupturata n. sp. worm shell | |
Natica eurydice, "Natica (Stigmaulax) sulcata" = Stigmaulax sulcata, Lunatia modica, Lunatia lunulata, Amauropsis nativitatis n. sp.
"Natica (Stigmaulax) sulcata" = Stigmaulax sulcata Born 1778 moon snail Includes: N. (S.) sulcata paraensis and sulcata cerux
Lunatia modica moon snail
Lunatia lunulata moon snail
Amauropsis nativitatis n. sp. moon snail | |
Mesalia rathburni n. sp., Turritella altiliroides n. sp., Turritella callizona n. sp., Turritella pirabica n. sp., Turritella meunieri n. sp., Turritella paraensis n. sp.
Mesalia rathburni n. sp. turret shell
Turritella altiliroides n. sp. turret shell Resembles: T. altilirata (Gatun), T, tornata (Ven.), and T. perattenuata (FL)
Turritella pirabica n. sp. turret shell | |
"Clava williamsi n. sp." = Rhinoclavis, Cerithium pirabicum n. sp., Cerithium pachecoi n. sp., Cerithium gonzagae n. sp., Cerithium leei n. sp., Cerithium calcivelatum n. sp.
Cerithium pachecoi n. sp. cerith snail
Cerithium leei n. sp. cerith snail
Cerithium calcivelatum n. sp. cerith snail | |
Calliostoma pirabicum n. sp., Calliostoma (Eutrochus) decamposi n. sp., Calliostoma (Eutrochus) derbyi n. sp., Calliostoma cirrus, Calliostoma retectum
Calliostoma pirabicum n. sp. Maury 1924 top snail
Calliostoma (Eutrochus) decamposi n. sp. Maury 1924 top snail
Calliostoma (Eutrochus) derbyi n. sp. Maury 1924 top snail
Calliostoma cirrus White 1887 top snail
Calliostoma retectum Maury 1924 top snail | |
Astraea sp. Röding 1798 snail | |
"Fissuridea immortalis" = Diodora immortalis, "Fissuridea derbyi n. sp." = Diodora derbyi
"Fissuridea immortalis" = Diodora immortalis Maury 1924 snail |