Grund (Miocene of Austria)

Also known as GRU

Where: Austria (48.6° N, 16.1° E: paleocoordinates 48.0° N, 15.7° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

When: Grund Formation, MN 5 (16.0 - 13.7 Ma)

• MN5, Lower Langhian

Environment/lithology: marginal marine; fine-grained, yellow sandstone and fine-grained, yellow siltstone

• warm, up to 100m deep corresponding to outer shelf, mixing of shallow and deep water
• yellowish, fine sands and silts

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: original phosphate

Collection methods: quarrying, surface (in situ),

Primary reference: G. Daxner-Höck, P. M. Miklas-Tempfer, U. B. Gohlich, K. Huttenen, E. Kazar, D. Nagel, G. E. Roessner, O. Schultz, and R. Ziegler. 2004. Marine and terrestrial vertebrates from the Middle Miocene of Grund (Lower Austria). Geologica Carpathica 55(2):191-197 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/P. Mannion]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 51002: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Mark Uhen on 26.05.2005

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Chondrichthyes
 Myliobatiformes - Rhinopteridae
Rhinoptera sp. Cuvier 1829 cownose ray
 Myliobatiformes - Aetobatidae
Aetobatus arcuatus Agassiz 1843 stingray
 Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae
Dasyatis cf. rugosa Probst 1877 whiptail stingray
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatidae indet. Bonaparte 1838 eagle ray
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816 eagle ray
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Carcharhinus priscus Agassiz 1843 requiem shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Sphyrnidae
? Sphyrna sp. Rafinesque 1810 hammerhead shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae
Galeocerdo aduncus Agassiz 1835 tiger shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Scyliorhinidae
Scyliorhinus distans Probst 1879 cat shark
 Lamniformes - Odontaspididae
"Carcharias cuspidatus" = Araloselachus cuspidatus
"Carcharias cuspidatus" = Araloselachus cuspidatus Agassiz 1843 sand tiger shark
 Lamniformes - Carchariidae
Carcharias sp. Rafinesque 1810 sand shark
Carcharias acutissimus Agassiz 1843 sand shark
 Euselachii -
Squalomorphii indet. Compagno 1973 elasmobranch
 Hexanchiformes - Hexanchidae
Notorhynchus primigenius Agassiz 1835 sevengill shark
Actinopteri
 Istiophoriformes - Sphyraenidae
Sphyraena sp. Artedi 1793 barracuda
 Spariformes - Sparidae
 Perciformes - Sparidae
Sparus umbonatus perch-like fish
Pagrus cinctus perch-like fish
Mammalia
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Cricetodon meini Freudenthal 1963 rodent
 Placentalia -
Carnivora indet. Bowdich 1821 carnivoran
 Carnivora -
Caniformia indet. Kretzoi 1943 carnivoran
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Mustelidae indet. Fischer 1817 mustelid carnivore
 Cetacea -
Mysticeti indet. Cope 1891 whale
 Artiodactyla -
 Placentalia -
Pecora indet. ruminant
 Artiodactyla - Moschidae
Micromeryx sp. Lartet 1851 musk deer
Micromeryx aff. flourensianus Lartet 1851 musk deer
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
 Artiodactyla - Palaeomerycidae
 Tribosphenida - Erinaceidae
Schizogalerix pristinus Ziegler 2003 hedgehog
 Proboscidea - Proboscidea
Proboscidea indet. proboscidean
 Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Gomphotherium angustidens Burmeister 1837 gomphothere
 Proboscidea - Deinotheriidae
Prodeinotherium bavaricum von Meyer 1831 deinothere
Reptilia
 Testudines - Geoemydidae
Ptychogaster grundensis turtle
Ref 70380 lists 3 fragments of carapace (GRU-Kroh: Inv. Nr.: NHMW2002z0095/0001; GRU-B1-3: Inv. Nr.: NHMW2002z0095/0002, Inv. Nr.: NHMW2002z0095/0003)
 Testudines - Testudinidae
Testudo sp. Linnaeus 1758 turtle
Ref 70380 lists one specimen- IPUW3127, 1 element of carapace
 Testudines - Trionychidae
Trionyx vindobonensis Peters 1855 softshell turtle
Aves
  -
Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird
 Suliformes - Sulidae
Microsula pygmaea Milne-Edwards 1874 booby
 Suliformes - Phalacrocoracidae
Phalacrocorax intermedius Milne-Edwards 1867 cormorant
 Charadriiformes - Laridae
Laridae indet. Vigors 1825 gull
Reptilia
 Squamata - Elapidae
Naja romani Hoffstetter 1939 cobra
3 trunk vertebrae (GRU-F-11: Inv. Nr.: NHMW2002z0098/0001; GRU-B1- 1: Inv. Nr.: NHMW2002z0098/0002; GRU-F-11: Inv. Nr.: NHMW2002z0098/0003); 2 fragments of vertebrae (GRU-F-11: Inv. Nr.: NHMW2002z0098/0003; GRU-Kroh: Inv. Nr.: NHMW2002z0098/0004)
 Squamata - Colubridae
Elaphe kohfidischi Bachmayer and Szyndlar 1985 colubrid snake
3 trunk vertebrae (GRU-Kroh: Inv.Nr.: NHMW2002z0097/0001; GRUB1- 1: Inv. Nr.: NHMW2002z0097/0002; GRU-F-11: Inv. Nr.: NHMW2002z0097/0003); 1 caudal vertebra (GRU-Kroh: Inv. Nr.: NHMW2002z0097/0004)
 Squamata - Anguidae
Anguidae indet. Gray 1825 squamates
1 caudal vertebra (GRU-F-11: Inv. Nr.: NHMW2002z0096/0000)
Amphibia
 Caudata - Urodela
Salamandra sansaniensis Lartet 1851 salamander
NHMW2002z0094/0000, 1 trunk vertebra