Salamander Cave: Irvingtonian, South Dakota
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Mustela sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Canis cf. dirus
Leidy 1858
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8 specimens | |||||||||
| recombined as Aenocyon dirus | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Equus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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42 specimens | |||||||||
| multiple forms | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Camelidae
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Camelops sp.
Leidy 1854
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3 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Antilocapridae
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Antilocapra americana
(Ord 1815)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Lepus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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13 specimens | |||||||||
| large | ||||||||||
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Lepus cf. americanus
Erxleben 1777
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2 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Cricetidae
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Peromyscus sp.
Gloger 1841
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3 specimens | |||||||||
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Neotoma sp.
Say and Ord 1825
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Mictomys sp.
True 1894
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1 specimen | |||||||||
| "M. meltoni/kansasensis" | ||||||||||
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Terricola meadensis
(Hibbard 1944)
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2 specimens | |||||||||
| recombined as Microtus meadensis | ||||||||||
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Microtus paroperarius
Hibbard 1944
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7 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Sciuridae
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cf. Spermophilus (Spermophilus) sp.
Cuvier 1825
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2 specimens | |||||||||
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Spermophilus sp.
Cuvier 1825
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1 specimen | |||||||||
| small | ||||||||||
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Cynomys (Leucocrossuromys) sp.
Rafinesque 1817
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8 specimens | |||||||||
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Cynomys sp.
Rafinesque 1817
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2 specimens | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Geomyidae
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Thomomys sp.
Wied-Neuwied 1839
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6 specimens | |||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | United States | State/province: | South Dakota | County: | Custer |
| Coordinates: | 43.8° North, 103.1° West (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 43.8° North, 102.9° West | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | based on political unit |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 | ||
| Key time interval: | Irvingtonian | ||
| Age range of interval: | 1.40000 - 0.21000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Lithology and environment
| Environment: | terrestrial indet. |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection size: | 103 specimens |
| Taxonomic list comments:speleothem for level 3 dated at 323 +/- 64 ka (U series); bone from overlying level 2 dated at 252 +/- 30 ka (230Th); fossils are from level 2 generically identifiable NISP 103 | |
Metadata
| Also known as: | Horse Room | ||
| Database number: | 20503 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Alroy | Enterer: | J. Alroy | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2000-05-19 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2002-06-03 03:27:44 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2000-05-19 00:00:00 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 2549. | J. I. Mead, C. Manganaro, C. A. Repenning and L. D. Agenbroad. 1996. Early Rancholabrean mammals from Salamander Cave, Black Hills, South Dakota. In K. M. Stewart, K. L. Seymour (eds.), Palaeoecology and palaeoenvironments of late Cenozoic mammals: Tributes to the career of C.S. (Rufus) Churcher 458-482 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] |