Poreba site: Norian - Rhaetian, Poland
collected 2008–2012

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Ricciisporites tuberculatus
"The liverwort spore Ricciisporites tuberculatus Lundblad, 1954, is also present at Poreba"
Angiospermae
Monosulcites sp. Cookson and Couper 1953
The probable ginkgoalean palynomorph Monosulcites sp., as well as probable ginkgoalean leaves with perpendicular veins, were found but are too poorly preserved for detailed taxonomic descriptions
Equisetopsida - Cheirolepidiaceae
cf. Classopollis sp. Pflug 1953
Abundant pollen of cf. Classopollis sp.
Equisetopsida - Araucariaceae
cf. Brachyphyllum sp. Brongniart 1828
The dominant plant species at Poreba is a conifer similar to Brachyphyllum sp. Fragments of branches with leaves and numerous fragments of charcoalized wood trunks, sometimes of large size, also occur
Dipnoi - Ceratodontidae
Ceratodus sp. Agassiz 1838
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014 2 specimens
ZPAL V.39/153, 154
unclassified
Tetrapoda informal indet. A (Jaekel 1911)
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014 25 specimens
ZPAL V.39/81–89, 301–308, 312–317, 319–320
Tetrapoda informal indet. B (Jaekel 1911)
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014 2 specimens
ZPAL V.39/323–324
Reptilia
Archosauria indet. (Cope 1869)
2 specimens
Two teeth (ZPAL V. 39/39 and ZPAL V. 39/40) from a large predatory archosaur (larger and more robust than any known coelophysoid from Europe and probably similar in size to Gojirasaurus, a large coelophysoid from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico)
    = Archosauromorpha informal indet. A Huene 1946
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014
Archosauromorpha informal indet. B (Huene 1946)
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014 3 specimens
ZPAL V.39/369–371
Silesauridae indet. Langer et al. 2010
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014 1 specimen
ZPAL V.39/44, proximal L femur
Theropoda indet. (Marsh 1881)
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014 1 specimen
The central part of a pelvis (ZPAL V. 39/33)
Coelophysoidea indet. Holtz 1994
4 specimens
ungual phalanges from the pes (ZPAL V. 39/36), teeth (ZPAL V. 39/37), and caudal vertebrae with elongated centra (ZPAL V. 39/38); distal R tibia (ZPAL V.39/45)
    = ? Neotheropoda indet. Bakker 1986
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014
Reptilia - Herrerasauridae
Herrerasauridae indet. Benedetto 1973
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014 3 specimens
a partially preserved scapula (ZPAL V. 39/35), proximal L fibual (ZPAL V.39/46, proximal R femur (ZPAL V.39/47
Reptilia
Aetosauria indet. (Lydekker 1889)
12 specimens
one spine, a dorsal vertebra (ZPAL V. 39/29), and multiple fragments of osteoderms, including ZPAL V. 39/30, 39/41, 39/31; also ZPAL V.39/73–80
Testudinata indet. (Oppel 1811)
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014 35 specimens
ZPAL V.39/331–366
Reptilia - Proterochersidae
cf. Proterochersis sp. Fraas 1913
198 specimens
A whole shell (ZPAL V. 39/34) and numerous bones of various sizes (ZPAL V.39/1–28, 48–72, 155–300)
    = Proterochersis porebensis n. sp. Szczygielski and Sulej 2016
Szczygielski and Sulej 2016
ZPAL V.39/48 holotype and 239 cataloged specimens
Amphibia - Temnospondyli
Temnospondyli indet. (von Zittel 1887)
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014 1 specimen
ZPAL V.39/327
unclassified
Actinopterygii indet. (Cope 1887)
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014 20 specimens
ZPAL V.39/96, 97, 136–152, 367, 368
Chondrichthyes - Hybodontiformes - Hybodontidae
Hybodontidae indet. (Agassiz 1834)
Niedzwiedzki et al. 2014 136 specimens
ZPAL V.39/32, 98–133
Chondrichthyes - Hybodontiformes
cf. Lissodus sp. Brough 1935
2 specimens
ZPAL V.39/134, 135; multiple fragments of dorsal fin spines ranging from ca. 10 to ca. 58 mm in length
see common names

Geography
Country:Poland State/province:Śląskie County:Jura Krakowsko-Czestochowska
Coordinates: 50.0° North, 18.9° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:36.9° North, 16.7° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Triassic Epoch:Late/Upper Triassic
10 m.y. bin:Triassic 4
Key time interval:Norian - Rhaetian
Age range of interval:227.00000 - 201.40000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Wozniki Limestone
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: The strata exposed at Poreba (region of Jura Krakowsko-Czestochowska) belong to the upper part of the Middle Keuper profile, and are known in lithostratigraphic schemes as the Zbaszynek Beds, deposits with many ‘bone-breccia’ horizons. The Zbaszynek Beds are correlated with the Upper Keuper formations (Arnstadt Formation and lowermost Exter Formation) from the Germanic Basin (see Bachmann and Kozur, 2004; Franz et al., 2007a, 2007b)... palynomorph taxa are known only from other central European sites believed to correspond to the late Norian and Rhaetian stages. This layer = Wozniki Limestone/Wozniki Fm. in local lithostratigraphic schemes. 4 horizons with vertebrate bones.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:yellow calcareous conglomerate
Secondary lithology:gray muddy,calcareous claystone
Includes fossils?Y
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: These strata contain bone-bearing yellowish carbonitic conglomerates and gray fluvial carbonitic mudstones and claystones, interbedded with horizontally stratified yellowish or reddish sandstones. The whole observed stratigraphic section in this locality is at least 6 m thick and is partially exposed in the northern part of Por  eba city, near the old waste dump (Fig. 1), about 4 km from Zawiercie, southern Poland (Szulc et al., 2006).Well-preserved, often eroded or rounded vertebrate bones or fragments of bones occur mainly in yellowish carbonate conglomerates; sometimes the bones are covered with a calcareous crust, rather than a more typical pyritic crust. Isolated and well-preserved bones were also found in gray mudstones and claystones.
Environment:fluvial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,original sporopollenin
Size of fossils:macrofossils,microfossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:selective quarrying,surface (in situ),field collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collection dates:2008–2012
Collection method comments: ZPAL, Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences,Warsaw
Taxonomic list comments:The newly discovered vertebrate assemblage is dominated by bones of a turtle (mainly shell fragments) and a coelophysoid theropod dinosaur (vertebrae, part of pelvis, and long bones). Bones of a large carnivorous archosaur and osteoderms of aetosaurs are very rare at this locality. Other vertebrate remains, including dipnoan teeth, hybodont shark fin spines, and ganoid skull elements and scales, are also rare. These strata also contain numerous well-preserved micro- and macrofloral remains. The dominant plant species at Poreba is a conifer similar to Brachyphyllum sp. Fragments of branches with leaves and numerous fragments of charcoalized wood trunks, sometimes of large size, also occur (Fig. 2A, B). Abundant pollen of cf. Classopollis sp., which occur at Poreba in the gray facies, has elsewhere been associated with plants from the Cheirolepidiaceae (Reymanowna, 1992). The probable ginkgoalean palynomorph Monosulcites sp., as well as probable ginkgoalean leaves with perpendicular veins, were found but are too poorly preserved for detailed taxonomic descriptions. The liverwort spore Ricciisporites tuberculatus Lundblad, 1954, is also present at Poreba...well-preserved bivalve shells similar to freshwater unionids from Marciszow (Skawina and Dzik, 2011) were also recovered. Unidentified temnospondyl amphibians are represented by two large teeth, whereas two dental plate fragments belong to dipnoan fishes
Metadata
Database number:132933
Authorizer:R. Benson, M. Carrano, P. Holroyd Enterer:R. Benson, M. Carrano, P. Holroyd
Modifier:M. Carrano Research group:vertebrate
Created:2012-08-29 18:26:11 Last modified:2021-04-08 13:32:01
Access level:the public Released:2012-08-29 18:26:11
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
42793. T. Sulej, G. Niedźwiedzki, and R. Bronowicz. 2012. A new Late Triassic vertebrate fauna from Poland with turtles, aetosaurs, and coelophysoid dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32(5):1033-1041 [R. Benson/R. Benson]

Secondary references:

60798 R. N. Martínez, C. Apaldetti, G. A. Correa and D. Abelín. 2016. A Norian lagerpetid dinosauromorph from the Quebrada del Barro Formation, northwestern Argentina. Ameghiniana 53(1):1-13 [R. Butler/R. Butler/M. Carrano]
76305 G. Niedzwiedzki, S. L. Brusatte, T. Sulej and R. J. Butler. 2014. Basal dinosauriform and theropod dinosaurs from the mid–late Norian (Late Triassic) of Poland: implications for triassic dinosaur evolution and distribution . Palaeontology 57(6):1121-1142 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
59666 T. Szczygielski and T. Sulej. 2016. Revision of the Triassic European turtles Proterochersis and Murrhardtia (Reptilia, Testudinata, Proterochersidae), with the description of new taxa from Poland and Germany. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 177:395-427 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]