Grube Messel Pit (Senckenberg SMF collection): MP 11, Germany

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Heterocera indet.
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 296
Insecta - Orthoptera
Ensifera indet. Chopard 1920
Lutz 1990 5 specimens
SMF MeI 112, 188, 676, 684, 818
Insecta - Blattodea - Blattidae
Blattidae indet. Latreille 1810
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 1226
Insecta - Blattodea
Isoptera indet. Brullé 1832
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 952
Insecta - Hemiptera
? Auchenorrhyncha indet. (Duméril 1805)
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
original and current combination Auchenorinques
SMF MeI 1211
Cicadomorpha indet. Evans 1946
Lutz 1990 9 specimens
SMF MeI 204, 295, 524, 566, 816, 1160, 1209, 1210
Insecta - Hemiptera - Membracidae
? Membracidae indet. Rafinesque 1815
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 114
Insecta - Hemiptera - Cicadidae
Cicadidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Lutz 1990 9 specimens
Cicadariae
SMF MeI 97, 127, 739, 743, 744, 943, 944, 1046, 1213 (1 measurement)
Insecta - Hemiptera - Miridae
Miridae indet. (Hahn 1833)
Lutz 1990 4 specimens
SMF MeI 132, 306, 522, 1095
Insecta - Hemiptera - Pentatomidae
Pentatomidae indet. Leach 1815
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 649
Insecta - Hemiptera - Cydnidae
Cydnidae indet. (Billberg 1820)
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 79
Insecta - Hemiptera - Dictyopharidae
Wedelphus dichopteroides n. gen., n. sp. Szwedo and Wappler 2006
Szwedo and Wappler 2006 1 specimen
SMF Mel 1512 (2 measurements)
Insecta - Hemiptera - Diaspididae
Aspidiotinae informal indet. 1 Ferris 1942
Wappler and Ben-Dov 2008 1 specimen
FIS SM.B Me 3958
Insecta - Hymenoptera
Apocrita indet. Gerstaecker 1867
Lutz 1990 9 specimens
SMF MeI 111, 203, 588, 589, 593, 595, 647, 680, 766
Proctotrupoidea indet. Latreille 1802
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 596
Insecta - Hymenoptera - Chalcididae
Chalcididae indet. Leach 1815
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 1207
Insecta - Hymenoptera - Formicidae
Formicidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Lutz 1990 20 specimens
original and current combination Formicariae
SMF MeI 192, 1165, 57, 196, 198, 202, 549, 953, 1117, 113, 161, 428, 514, 515, 547, 599, 768, 1039, 1094, 1208
Pseudectatomma striatula n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 3 specimens
FIS MeI 5762, 8153, 10798 (1 measurement)
Ponerinae informal indet. 1 Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau 1835
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
FIS MeI 400 (1 measurement)
    = Pseudectatomma eocenica n. gen., n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Archimyrmex wedmannae n. sp. Dlussky 2012
Dlussky 2012 1 specimen
SMF Mel 2016 (2 measurements)
Formicinae indet. Latreille 1802
Lutz 1990 23 specimens
SMF MeI 56, 122a-c, 468, 890, 923, 1204, 17, 314, 317, 320, 512, 561, 603, 654, 803, 812, 814, 909, 962, 963, 1108
Gesomyrmex breviceps n. sp. Dlussky et al. 2009
Dlussky et al. 2009 3 specimens
SMF MeI 2305, 11054, 13151 (6 measurements)
Gesomyrmex curiosus n. sp. Dlussky et al. 2009
Dlussky et al. 2009 1 specimen
synonym of Gesomyrmex hoernesi
SMF MeI 11953
Gesomyrmex pulcher n. sp. Dlussky et al. 2009
Dlussky et al. 2009 1 specimen
SMF MeI 10999 (1 measurement)
Oecophylla longiceps n. sp. Dlussky et al. 2008
Dlussky et al. 2008 37 specimens
(6 measurements)
Camponotus sp. Mayr 1861
Kinzelbach and Pohl 1994 1 specimen
SMF-MeI 196 host of Stichotrema
Dolichoderinae indet. Forel 1878
Lutz 1990 4 specimens
SMF MeI 321, 429, 1098, 1206
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 19 specimens
FIS MeI 202, 662, 7055, 7222, 7369, 7751, 7758, 8298, 8551, 10805, 11007, 12307, 12377, 12628, 12641, 13220, 13339, 13585, 13802
Messelepone leptogenoides n. gen., n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 2 specimens
FIS MeI 4808, 7198 (2 measurements)
Cephalopone grandis n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 1 specimen
FIS MeI 5361 (2 measurements)
Cephalopone potens n. gen., n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 2 specimens
FIS MeI 10860, 11830 (2 measurements)
Cyrtopone curiosa n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 1 specimen
FIS MeI 6075 (1 measurement)
Cyrtopone striata n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 1 specimen
FIS MeI 1392 (1 measurement)
Cyrtopone microcephala n. gen., n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 1 specimen
FIS MeI 2407 (1 measurement)
Cyrtopone elongata n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 1 specimen
FIS MeI 10167 (1 measurement)
Protopone magna n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 2 specimens
FIS MeI 8790, 8789 (1 measurement)
Protopone vetula n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 1 specimen
FIS MeI 7679 (1 measurement)
Protopone oculata n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 1 specimen
FIS MeI 2334 (1 measurement)
? Protopone dubia n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 1 specimen
FIS MeI 10142
Protopone germanica n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 2 specimens
FIS MeI 10841, 12360 (2 measurements)
Protopone sepulta n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 1 specimen
FIS MeI 5329 (1 measurement)
Pachycondyla petiolosa n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 2 specimens
FIS MeI 1893, 1427 (2 measurements)
? Pachycondyla messeliana n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 1 specimen
FIS MeI 4744 (1 measurement)
Pachycondyla eocenica n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 2 specimens
FIS MeI 10889, 8710 (1 measurement)
Pachycondyla lutzi n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 10 specimens
FIS MeI 11958, 11481, 1361, 3553, 2078, 10526, 11679, 10564, 12975, 13507 (2 measurements)
Pachycondyla petrosa n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 1 specimen
FIS MeI 12273 (1 measurement)
Pachycondyla minuta n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 6 specimens
replaced by Pachycondyla parvula
FIS MeI 10638, 10167, 12250, 10093, 13789, 14219 (2 measurements)
Lutz 1990 4 specimens
SMF MeI 456, 517, 815, 929
Formicium giganteum n. sp. Lutz 1986
Lutz 1986 102 specimens
recombined as Titanomyrma gigantea
(1 measurement)
Formicium simillimum n. sp. Lutz 1986
Lutz 1986 29 specimens
recombined as Titanomyrma simillima
26 in Lutz 1986; SMF MeI 1548a-c in Lutz 1990 (9 measurements)
Casaleia eocenica n. sp. Dlussky and Wedmann 2012
Dlussky and Wedmann 2012 1 specimen
FIS MeI 5565 (2 measurements)
Insecta - Hymenoptera
Vespoidea indet. Latreille 1802
Lutz 1990 3 specimens
SMF MeI 427, 548, 651
Insecta - Hymenoptera - Tiphiidae
Tiphiidae indet. Leach 1815
Lutz 1990 2 specimens
SMF MeI 397, 513
Insecta - Hymenoptera - Scoliidae
Scoliidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
original and current combination Scolietae
SMF MeI 1500
Insecta - Hymenoptera - Sphecidae
Sphecidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Lutz 1990 2 specimens
original and current combination Sphegimae
SMF MeI 319, 1107
Insecta - Hymenoptera - Apidae
Anthophoridae indet. Kirby 1837
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
spelled with current rank as Anthophorini
SMF MeI 222
Electrapis sp. Cockerell 1908
Wappler et al. 2015 3 specimens
FIS MeI 3300, 10890, 12151
Protobombus messelensis n. sp. Wappler and Engel 2003
Wappler and Engel 2003 1 specimen
recombined as Protobombus (Protobombus) messelensis
SMF MeI 6388 (2 measurements)
Insecta - Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae
Ichneumonidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Lutz 1990 2 specimens
original and current combination Ichneumonides
SMF MeI 195, 594
Insecta - Hymenoptera - Braconidae
Braconidae indet. Nees ab Esenbeck 1811
Lutz 1990 2 specimens
SMF MeI 1021, 1205
Insecta - Coleoptera
Coleoptera indet. Linnaeus 1758
Lutz 1990 2 specimens
SMF MeI 360, 435
Insecta - Coleoptera - Carabidae
Carabidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Lutz 1990 9 specimens
SMF MeI 128, 307, 359, 372, 437, 477, 737, 858, 862
Scaritinae indet. (Bonelli 1810)
Lutz 1990 3 specimens
SMF MeI 126, 707, 1170
Insecta - Coleoptera - Chrysomelidae
Donaciinae indet. (Kirby 1837)
Lutz 1990 2 specimens
SMF MeI 181, 327
Insecta - Coleoptera - Cerambycidae
Lamiinae indet. Latreille 1825
Lutz 1990 5 specimens
SMF MeI 685, 969, 1015, 1016, 1027
Insecta - Coleoptera - Apionidae
Apionidae indet. Schoenherr 1823
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 604
Insecta - Coleoptera - Brentidae
Brentidae indet. (Billberg 1820)
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 248
Insecta - Coleoptera - Psephenidae
Eubrianacinae informal indet. 1 Jacobson 1913
Wedmann et al. 2011 93 specimens
"range from 5 m below to 5 m above marker alpha"
Insecta - Coleoptera - Staphylinidae
Staphylinidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Lutz 1990 2 specimens
original and current combination Staphyliniae
SMF MeI 744, 919
Insecta - Coleoptera - Geotrupidae
Geotrupinae indet. Latreille 1802
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 660
Insecta - Coleoptera - Lucanidae
aff. Dorcus sp. MacLeay 1819
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 711 (2 measurements)
Lampriminae indet. MacLeay 1819
Lutz 1990 13 specimens
SMF MeI 3, 75, 177, 199, 313, 458, 520, 745, 811, 1072, 1131, 1174, 1549
Protognathinus spielbergi n. gen., n. sp. Chalumeau and Brochier 2001
Chalumeau and Brochier 2001 1 specimen
Specimen illustrated in Feb. 2000 National Geographic magazine (1 measurement)
Insecta - Coleoptera - Scarabaeidae
Onitini indet. (Laporte 1840)
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 172 (similar to Onitis)
Onthophagini indet. (Burmeister 1846)
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 646 (similar to Onthophagus)
Insecta - Coleoptera - Hydrophilidae
Hydrophilina indet. Latreille 1802
Fikáček et al. 2010 3 specimens
invalid subgroup of Hydrophilini
SMF MeI 3903, 8114, 11236 (4 measurements)
Hydrophilus sp. Geoffroy 1762
Fikáček et al. 2010 7 specimens
SMF MeI 806, 1524, 4648, 8936, 11127, 11804, 14052 (10 measurements)
Hydrobiomorpha informal sp. 1 Blackburn 1888
Fikáček et al. 2010 2 specimens
SMF MeI 5085, 10530 (4 measurements)
Hydrobiomorpha eopalpalis Fikáček et al. 2010
Fikáček et al. 2010 17 specimens
SMF MeI 459, 3893, 3923, 4204, 4272, 4445, 5040, 5577, 7331, 8590, 8801, 8944, 10662, 12304, 14099, 14101, 14614 (23 measurements)
Hydrochara sp. Berthold 1827
Fikáček et al. 2010 5 specimens
SMF MeI 249, 1766, 5069, 6591, 7837 (7 measurements)
Insecta - Strepsiptera - Myrmecolacidae
Stichotrema sp. Hofeneder 1910
Kinzelbach and Pohl 1994 2 individuals
SMF-MeI 196b, c parasite of Camponotus
Insecta - Odonata
Anisoptera indet. (Selys-Longchamps and Hagen 1854)
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 523
Insecta - Odonata - Corduliidae
cf. Corduliidae indet. Selys-Longchamps 1850
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 1225
Insecta - Odonata - Aeshnidae
Aeschnidae indet. (Leach 1815)
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
original and current combination Aeshnidae
SMF MeI 817
Insecta - Odonata - Pseudostenolestidae
Pseudostenolestes bechlyi n. gen., n. sp. Garrouste and Nel 2015
Garrouste and Nel 2015 4 specimens
SMF MeI 14781, 13209, 14712, 14794 (3 measurements)
Insecta - Odonata - Dysagrionidae
Petrolestes messelensis n. sp. Garrouste and Nel 2015
Garrouste and Nel 2015 1 specimen
SMF MeI 11777
Insecta - Diptera
Nematocera indet. Latreille 1825
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 677
Tipuloidea indet. Latreille 1802
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 1217 (Tipulidae or Limoniidae)
Brachycera indet. Zetterstedt 1842
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 652
Insecta - Diptera - Syrphidae
Syrphidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
original and current combination Syrphiae
SMF MeI 1338
Insecta - Diptera
Tabanomorpha indet. Hennig 1948
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
SMF MeI 1218 (Rhagionidae or Athericidae)
Insecta - Diptera - Tabanidae
Tabanidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Lutz 1990 1 specimen
original and current combination Tabanii
SMF MeI 653
Reptilia - Testudines
Testudinoidea indet. Gray 1825
Hervet 2004 1 specimen
Fragments labelled SMF-Me-R109 (but not including the type) listed by Staesche 1928 under Ocadia kehreri
Ocadia messeliana Staesche 1928
Hervet 2004 3 specimens
recombined as Francellia messeliana
SMF-Me 2607, 2776, 1221
Ocadia kehreri n. sp. Staesche 1928
Hervet 2004 18 specimens
recombined as Euroemys kehreri
Type SMF-Me-R109 (in part). Additional material coll. SMF-Me : 172, 1557a, 202, 717a, 1457, 1458a, 2764, 1564, 1679, 1782 (Pl. 3, Figs. D et E), 1340 (Schaal et Ziegler, 1988 : Figs. 160 et 161) (Pl. 3, Figs.A et B), 1797, 1807, 2100, 2761, 2767, 3002
Reptilia
Messelopython freyi n. gen., n. sp. Zaher and Smith 2020
Zaher and Smith 2020 1 specimen
Holotype: SMNK-PAL 461, nearly complete skeleton with partial skull; SMF-ME 710, nearly complete skeleton with a badly crushed skull; SMF-ME 2784, a nearly complete skeleton with a skull; HLMD-Be 165, a nearly complete skeleton with a partial skull
Reptilia - Boidae
Messelophis variatus n. gen., n. sp. Baszio 2004
Peters 1999 3 specimens
see Baszio 2004. SMF ME 1828a, 1828b, articulated nearly complete skeleton and ME 1828c (holotype of three parts), four isolated vertebrae
Messelophis ermannorum n. sp. Schaal and Baszio 2004
Scanferla et al. 2016 1 specimen
recombined as Rieppelophis ermannorum
see Schaal and Baszio 2004. SMF ME 1812 (holotype), five trunk vertebrae
Reptilia
Palaeopython fischeri n. sp. Schaal 2004
Schaal 2004 1 specimen
recombined as Eoconstrictor fischeri
SMF-ME 929
Reptilia - Eolacertidae
Stefanikia siderea n. gen., n. sp. Čerňanský and Smith 2017
Čerňanský and Smith 2017 1 specimen
Holotype: SMF ME 11241, a nearly complete skeleton, lacking only the distal portion of the tail.
Reptilia
Ornatocephalus metzleri n. gen., n. sp. Weber 2004
Augé 2005 1 specimen
SMF ME 3516 (holotype), articulated specimen
Reptilia - Palaeovaranidae
Saniwa feisti n. sp. Stritzke 1983
1 specimen
recombined as Paranecrosaurus feisti
SMF ME-A 160
Reptilia
Baryphracta deponiae n. gen., n. sp. Frey et al. 1987
Frey et al. 1987 4 specimens
recombined as Diplocynodon deponiae
SMF ME 899 (skeleton exposed in left lateral and ventral views); referred specimens: SMF ME 1114 (exposing the left lateral and ventral sides); SMF ME 1348 (juvenile, exposing the left lateral and ventral sides) and SMF ME 2609 (exposing the dorsal side)
Aves informal indet. C (Linnaeus 1758)
Mayr 2016 1 specimen
SMF-ME 11607, "unknown genus and species C"
Aves informal indet. D (Linnaeus 1758)
Mayr 2016 1 specimen
SMF-ME 707A+B, "unknown genus and species D"
Aves informal indet. E (Linnaeus 1758)
Mayr 2016 1 specimen
SMF-ME 1231, "unknown genus and species E"
Aves informal indet. F (Linnaeus 1758)
Mayr 2016 1 specimen
SMF-ME 11286, "unknown genus and species F"
Reptilia - Upupiformes - Messelirrisoridae
Messelirrisor grandis Mayr 2000
Mayr 2000 1 specimen
referred specimen in the SMF collection
Reptilia - Psittacopedidae
Pumiliornis tessellatus n. gen., n. sp. Mayr 1999
Mayr 1999 1 specimen
SMF ME 2092A/B
Reptilia - Leptosomiformes
Plesiocathartes kelleri n. sp. Mayr 2002
Mayr 2002 2 specimens
SMF-MF. 3639
Reptilia
Perplexicervix microcephalon n. gen., n. sp. Mayr 2010
Mayr 2010 1 specimen
from "Messel": type in the SMF collection
Protocypselomorphus manfredkelleri n. gen., n. sp. Mayr 2005
Mayr 2005 1 specimen
from "Messel": type in the SMF collection
Reptilia - Coraciiformes
Primobucco frugilegus n. sp. Mayr and Mourer-Chauviré 2004
Mayr and Mourer-Chauviré 2004 1 specimen
from "Messel": type in the SMF collection
Reptilia - Coliiformes - Coliidae
Chascacocolius cacicirostris n. sp. Mayr 2005
Mayr 2005 1 specimen
from "Messel": type in the SMF collection
Selmes absurdipes n. gen., n. sp. Peters 1999
Peters 1999 1 specimen
SFM-ME 2375
Reptilia - Trogoniformes - Trogonidae
? Primotrogon pumilio n. sp. Mayr 2005
Mayr 2005 1 specimen
from "Messel": SMNS collection
Reptilia - Strigiformes - Strigidae
Strigogyps sp. Gaillard 1908
Mayr 2016 1 specimen
SMF-ME 1645A+B
Palaeoglaux artophoron n. sp. Peters 1992
Peters 1992 1 specimen
SMF-ME 1144 A and B
Reptilia - Gruiformes
Gruiformes informal indet. A (Bonaparte 1854)
Mayr 2016 1 specimen
SMF-ME 778, "unknown genus and species A"
Gruiformes informal indet. B (Bonaparte 1854)
Mayr 2016 1 specimen
SMF-ME 11606, "unknown genus and species B"
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Idiornithidae
cf. Dynamopterus sp. Milne-Edward 1891
Mayr 2016 1 specimen
SMF-ME 1577
Reptilia - Fluvioviridavidae
? Fluvioviridavis sp. Mayr and Daniels 2001
Mayr and Daniels 2001 1 specimen
from "Messel": skull in the SMF collection
    = Eurofluvioviridavis robustipes n. gen., n. sp. Mayr 2005
Mayr 2005
Sagrinae
Sagrinae indet. (Leach 1815)
Lutz 1990 25 specimens
SMF MeI 31, 153, 218, 259, 302, 388, 519, 551, 715, 731, 823, 827, 828, 843, 851, 884, 955, 959, 966, 1018, 1080, 1085, 1113, 1162, 1194
unclassified
Paraprefica kelleri n. gen., n. sp. Mayr 1999
Mayr 1999 1 specimen
SMF-ME 3376
see common names

Geography
Country:Germany State/province:Hessen
Coordinates: 49.9° North, 8.8° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:46.9° North, 4.8° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Eocene
Stage:Lutetian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 2
Key time interval:MP 11
Age range of interval:48.60000 - 40.40000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Messel
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: "lower Middle Eocene, lower-most Geiseltalian, Mammal Paleogene level 11… .575 to .77 m above local stratigraphic marker Alpha."
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:planar lamination lithified claystone
Lithology description: "The fossils are embedded in darkly coloured, finely laminated claystone sediments rich in organic substances (‘oil shale’), which were deposited in a meromictic lake (e.g. Goth, 1990)."
Environment:crater lake Tectonic setting:volcanic basin
Geology comments: "A drilling project conducted in 2001 showed that the former Lake Messel was a maar lake, which is a small deep lake that had its origin in an explosive volcanic eruption. The former lake basin had an original diameter of about 1.5 km, and a depth of about 300–400 m (Harms, 2002; Felder & Harms, 2004)."
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,adpression,soft parts
Lagerst�tten type:conservation
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:excellent
Spatial resolution:parautochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:selective quarrying,surface (in situ),field collection,survey of museum collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Museum repositories:SMF
Metadata
Database number:120798
Authorizer:M. Clapham, M. Carrano Enterer:J. Karr, M. Carrano, J. Sandlin, M. Clapham
Modifier:M. Carrano Research group:paleoentomology
Created:2011-11-21 15:17:57 Last modified:2022-10-05 10:36:35
Access level:the public Released:2011-11-21 15:17:57
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

66708. R. Stritzke. 1983. Saniwa feisti n. sp., ein Varanide (Lacertilia, Reptilia) aus dem Mittel-Eozän von Messel bei Darmstadt. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 64(5/6):497-508 [G. Lloyd/G. Lloyd]

Secondary references:

59290 M. L. Augé. 2005. Evolution des lézards du Paléogène en Europe. Mémoires du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle 192:1-369 [P. Barrett/T. Cleary/T. Cleary]
81445 A. Čerňanský and K. T. Smith. 2017. Eolacertidae: a new extinct clade of lizards from the Palaeogene; with comments on the origin of the dominant European reptile group – Lacertidae. Historical Biology 30(7):994-1014 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham]
48573 F. Chalumeau and B. Brochier. 2001. Une forme fossile nouvelle de Chiasognathinae: Protognathinus spielbergi (Coleoptera, Lucanidae). Lambillionea 101:593-595 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
41794 G. M. Dlussky. 2012. New fossil ants of the subfamily Myrmeciinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Germany. Paleontological Journal 46:288-292 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
44599 G. M. Dlussky, T. Wappler, and S. Wedmann. 2009. Fossil ants of the genus Gesomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from the Eocene of Europe and remarks on the evolution of arboreal ant communities. Zootaxa 2031:1-20 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
43781 G. M. Dlussky and S. Wedmann. 2012. The poneromorph ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae: Amblyoponinae, Ectatomminae, Ponerinae) of Grube Messel, Germany: high biodiversity in the Eocene. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10:725-753 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
54108 M. Fikáček, S. Wedmann, and H. Schmied. 2010. Diversification of the greater hydrophilines clade of giant water scavenger beetles dated back to the Middle Eocene (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilina). Invertebrate Systematics 24:9-22 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
47631 E. Frey, A. Laemmert, and J. Riess. 1987. Baryphracta deponiae n. g. n. sp. (Reptilia, Crocodylia), ein neues Krokodil aus der Grube Messel bey Darmstadt (Hessen, Bundesrepublik Deutschland). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatschefte 1987:15-26 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
57594 R. Garrouste and A. Nel. 2015. New Eocene damselflies and first Cenozoic damsel-dragonfly of the isophlebiopteran lineage (Insecta: Odonata). Zootaxa 4028:354-366 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
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