Cherokee-Sanford Brick Clay Pit (USNM Loc. 41614, 41615): Late/Upper Aptian, Maryland
collected by Kranz, Lipka, Cifelli 1980–
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
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Exesipollenites tumulus
Balme 1957
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Equisetopsida
- Cheirolepidiaceae
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Classopollis torosus
Burger 1965
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Equisetopsida
- Cupressales
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Inaperturopollenites dubius
Thomson and Pflug 1953
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Equisetopsida
- Araucariaceae
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Araucariacites australis
Cookson 1947
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Cycadopsida
- Cycadales
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Eucommiidites troedssonii
Potonié 1958
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Angiospermae
- Chloranthales
- Chloranthaceae
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Clavatipollenites hughesii
Kemp 1968
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Pteridopsida
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Cyathidites minor
Couper 1953
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Polypodiopsida
- Schizaeales
- Schizaeaceae
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Schizaeaceae indet.
Kaulfuss
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Bivalvia
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Bivalvia indet.
Linnaeus 1758
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Lipka et al. 2006 | |||||||||
unclassified
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Actinopterygii indet.
(Cope 1887)
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 3 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 521171–73 | ||||||||||
Reptilia
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Astrodon johnstoni
Leidy 1865
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Lipka et al. 2006 | 15 specimens | ||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Sauropoda | ||||||||||
USNM 497760-497774 | ||||||||||
Ankylosauria indet.
(Osborn 1923)
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 5 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 497778–82 | ||||||||||
Priconodon crassus
Marsh 1888
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Lipka et al. 2006 | 3 specimens | ||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Ankylosauria | ||||||||||
USNM 497775-49777 | ||||||||||
Neoceratopsia indet.
Sereno 1986
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Chinnery et al. 1998 | 3 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 337977, 497708, 497783 | ||||||||||
? Tenontosaurus sp.
Ostrom 1970
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Lipka et al. 2006 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
USNM 244564 ("Magulodon muirkirkensis") | ||||||||||
Theropoda indet.
(Marsh 1881)
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 10 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 497750–59 | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Dromaeosauridae
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aff. Richardoestesia sp.
Currie et al. 1990
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
UNSM 497748-49 | ||||||||||
Deinonychus antirrhopus
Ostrom 1969
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Lipka et al. 2006 | 9 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 497715, 497719-20, 497727, 497732, 497734–36, 497741 | ||||||||||
= Deinonychus sp.
Ostrom 1969
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | |||||||||
Reptilia
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"Coelurus" gracilis
Marsh 1888
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Lipka 1998 | |||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Coelurus | ||||||||||
teeth | ||||||||||
Ornithomimosauria indet.
(Barsbold 1976)
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 8 specimens | ||||||||
NHRD-AP 2015.v.103.9, proximal and distal ends of a humerus; NHRD-AP 2014.s.196, manual ungual; NHRD-AP 2016.5.503, caudal vertebra; NHRD-AP 2014.s.195, NHRD-AP 2014.s.197, NHRD-AP 2014.s.198, USNM PAL 529423, NHRD-AP 2016.v.1104, pedal unguals | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Carcharodontosauridae
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cf. Acrocanthosaurus sp.
Stovall and Langston 1950
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Lipka 1998 | 12 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 497718, 497722–26, 497742–47 | ||||||||||
= Acrocanthosaurus sp.
Stovall and Langston 1950
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | |||||||||
cf. Acrocanthosaurus atokensis
Stovall and Langston 1950
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Carrano 2023 | 1 individual | ||||||||
USNM 466054, a partial postcranial skeleton | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Goniopholididae
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cf. Goniopholidae indet.
(Cope 1875)
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 79 specimens | ||||||||
original and current combination Goniopholididae | ||||||||||
USNM 609352–62, 609387–455 | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Pholidosauridae
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cf. Pholidosauridae indet.
von Zittel and Eastman 1902
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 13 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 609363–75 | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Bernissartiidae
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cf. Bernissartiidae indet.
(Dollo 1883)
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 609376-77 | ||||||||||
Reptilia
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Arundelemys dardeni n. gen., n. sp.
Lipka et al. 2006
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Lipka et al. 2006 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
USNM 497740 | ||||||||||
Glyptops caelatus
Hay 1908
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Kranz 1998 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
nomen dubium belonging to Paracryptodira | ||||||||||
USNM 497784 | ||||||||||
Naomichelys sp.
Hay 1908
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Multituberculata
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Argillomys marylandensis n. gen., n. sp.
Cifelli et al. 2013
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Cifelli et al. 2013 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
USNM 497739, left M2 | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Eutriconodonta
- Triconodontidae
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Arundelconodon hottoni n. gen., n. sp.
Cifelli et al. 1999
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Cifelli et al. 1999 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
Additional specimen described by Rose et al. 2001 DUPLICATE REF 1222 or 1226 or 1227 (1 measurement) | ||||||||||
Dipnoi
- Ceratodontidae
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Ceratodus sp.
Agassiz 1838
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 521174, 521175 | ||||||||||
Dipnoi indet.
(Müller 1884)
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Lipka et al. 2006 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
USNM 508543 | ||||||||||
= Ceratodus kranzi n. sp.
Frederickson et al. 2016
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Frederickson et al. 2016 | |||||||||
Actinopteri
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Holostei indet.
(Müller 1846)
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 30 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 497788–807, 521140–54 | ||||||||||
Actinopteri
- Lepisosteiformes
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cf. Lepidotes sp.
Agassiz 1832
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 13 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 521155–67 | ||||||||||
Actinopteri
- Amiiformes
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Amiidae indet.
Huxley 1861
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Lipka et al. 2006 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 497786-87 | ||||||||||
= cf. Amiiformes indet.
Hay 1929
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | |||||||||
Actinopteri
- Amiiformes
- Amiidae
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cf. Vidalamiinae indet.
Grande and Bemis 1998
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 3 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 521168–70 | ||||||||||
Actinopteri
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Teleostei indet.
(Müller 1846)
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 1 specimen | ||||||||
USNM 497785 | ||||||||||
Chondrichthyes
- Hybodontiformes
- Hybodontidae
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Hybodontidae indet.
(Agassiz 1834)
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Lipka et al. 2006 | 54 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 521185-521189, 609277-609320, 521179-521181, 521183-521184 | ||||||||||
Egertonodus basanus
(Egerton 1845)
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 16 specimens | ||||||||
USNM 609321-–36, 521182 | ||||||||||
Hybodus ensis
Woodward 1916
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Frederickson et al. 2018 | 15 specimens | ||||||||
recombined as Planohybodus ensis | ||||||||||
USNM 609337–51 | ||||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | United States | State/province: | Maryland | County: | Prince George's |
Coordinates: | 39.1° North, 76.9° West (view map) | ||||
Paleocoordinates: | 32.9° North, 31.3° West | ||||
Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||||
Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
Period: | Cretaceous | Epoch: | Early/Lower Cretaceous |
Stage: | Aptian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cretaceous 3 |
*Period: | Early/Lower Cretaceous | ||
Key time interval: | Late/Upper Aptian | ||
Age range of interval: | 122.46000 - 112.03000 m.y. ago | ||
* legacy (obsolete) database fields |
Stratigraphy
Geological group: | Potomac | Formation: | Arundel Clay | ||
Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
Stratigraphy comments: Palynology of the Potomac Group suggests a late Aptian age for the Arundel facies (Brenner, 1963; Doyle and Robbins, 1977; Hochuli et al., 2006; Doyle, 2012)
Arundel Clay facies of the Patuxent Formation (Aptian, Lower Cretaceous). |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | concretionary,gray carbonaceous claystone |
Secondary lithology: | brown,red claystone |
Includes fossils? | Y |
Lithology description: ...rock also happens to be a prolific source of concretions, carbonized wood, and other unwanted residues. | |
Environment: | wet floodplain |
Geology comments: "oxbow swamp deposits" |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils,mesofossils,microfossils |
Preservation of anatomical detail: | medium |
Associated major elements: | some |
Disassociated major elements: | many |
Disassociated minor elements: | many |
Fragmentation: | frequent |
Spatial resolution: | parautochthonous |
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods: | bulk,selective quarrying,surface (float),surface (in situ),sieve,field collection | ||
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis | ||
Museum repositories: | UNSM | ||
Collectors: | Kranz, Lipka, Cifelli | Collection dates: | 1980s–present |
Collection method comments: A sustained field program by one of us (T.R.L.) resulted in the recovery of many new fossils from a single site in the Arundel Clay. The site, formerly mined commercially for clay, is now known as Dinosaur Park, managed by the Prince George’s County Department of Parks and Recreation. Previously described fossils from the site, USNM locality 41614, were obtained by surface prospecting (Lipka 1998; Cifelli et al. 1999; Rose et al. 2001; Lipka et al. 2006) and include those of the triconodontid mammal Arundelconodon hottoni Cifelli et al., 1999. The specimen described herein is the single mammalian fossil obtained through screenwashing and associated concentration techniques, aimed at recovery of vertebrate microfossils. The fossil-yielding zone at the site is reasonably productive insofar as fragmentary bones and teeth of large vertebrates are concerned. Informative microfossils are abundant at USNM locality 41614 (T.R.L. and R.L.C., work in progress). However, processing of washed concentrate is impeded considerably by the fact that the rock also happens to be a prolific source of concretions, carbonized wood, and other unwanted residues. Rock matrix was reduced through a two-phase screenwashing process (standard water wash followed by kerosene displacement method); further concentrated using the heavy liquid ZnBr2; and picked under a binocular dissecting microscope, using established procedures (see Cifelli et al. 1996 and references therein). |
Metadata
Also known as: | Hotton locality; Dinosaur Park, M-NCPPC, Washington Brick Company; Muirkirk | ||
Database number: | 14376 | ||
Authorizer: | J. Alroy, M. Carrano, R. Benson, E. Vlachos | Enterer: | J. Alroy, F. Aspromonte, R. Benson, M. Carrano |
Modifier: | M. Uhen | Research group: | vertebrate |
Created: | 2002-05-15 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2023-09-29 12:59:47 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 2002-05-15 00:00:00 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
83879. | G. J. Brenner. 1963. The spores and pollen of the Potomac Group of Maryland. State of Maryland Board of Natural Resources, Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources Bulletin 27:1-215 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
Secondary references:
84746 | C. D. Brownstein. 2017. Description of Arundel Clay ornithomimosaur material and a reinterpretation of Nedcolbertia justinhofmanni as an "Ostrich Dinosaur": biogeographic implications. PeerJ 5:e3110:1-20 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
87438 | M. T. Carrano. 2023. First definitive record of Acrocanthosaurus (Theropoda: Carcharodontosauridae) in the Lower Cretaceous of eastern North America. Cretaceous Research 157(105814):1-18 [E. Vlachos/F. Aspromonte] | |
14087 | ETE | B. J. Chinnery, T. R. Lipka, J. I. Kirkland, J. M. Parrish, and M. K. Brett-Surman. 1998. Neoceratopsian teeth from the Lower to Middle Cretaceous of North America. In S. G. Lucas, J. I. Kirkland, J. W. Estep (eds.), Lower and Middle Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 14:297-302 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
46392 | R. L. Cifelli, C. L. Gordon, and T. R. Lipka. 2013. New multituberculate mammal from the Early Cretaceous of eastern North America. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 50(3):315-323 [R. Benson/R. Benson/M. Carrano] | |
1222 | R. L. Cifelli, T. R. Lipka, C. R. Schaff and T. B. Rowe. 1999. First Early Cretaceous mammal from the eastern seaboard of the United States. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19(2):199-203 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
77019 | S. W. Evers, Y. Rollot, and W. G. Joyce. 2021. New interpretation of the cranial osteology of the Early Cretaceous turtle Arundelemys dardeni (Paracryptodira) based on a CT-based re-evaluation of the holotype. PeerJ 9:311495:1-29 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos/P. Mannion] | |
60062 | J. A. Frederickson, T. R. Lipka, and R. L. Cifelli. 2016. A new species of the lungfish Ceratodus (Dipnoi) from the Early Cretaceous of the eastern U.S.A. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36(4):e1136316:1-5 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
66681 | J. A. Frederickson, T. R. Lipka, and R. L. Cifelli. 2018. Faunal composition and paleoenvironment of the Arundel Clay (Potomac Formation; Early Cretaceous), Maryland, USA. Palaeontologia Electronica 21(2):31A:1-24 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/M. Carrano] | |
78397 | P. Kranz. 1996. Notes on the sedimentary iron ores of Maryland and their dinosaurian fauna. In D. K. Brezinski & J. P. Reger (ed.), Studies in Maryland Geology in Commemoration of the Centennial of the Maryland Geological Survey. Maryland Geological Survey Special Publication 3:87-111 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
40879 | P. M. Kranz. 1998. New fossil turtles from the Potomac Group (Arundel Formation) (Aptian age), Maryland, USA. Bulletin - New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science 14:193-194 [M. Uhen/M. Shalap] | |
30610 | ETE | T. R. Lipka. 1998. The affinities of the enigmatic theropods of the Arundel Clay facies (Aptian), Potomac Formation, Atlantic Coastal Plain of Maryland. In S. G. Lucas, J. I. Kirkland, J. W. Estep (eds.), Lower and Middle Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems; New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 14:229-234 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
30601 | ETE | T. R. Lipka, F. Therrien, D. B. Weishampel, H. A. Jamniczky, W. G. Joyce, M. W. Colbert, and D. B. Brinkman. 2006. A new turtle from the Arundel Clay facies (Potomac Formation, Early Cretaceous) of Maryland, USA. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(2):300-307 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
83880 | E. I. Robbins. 1991. Age of Early Cretaceous palynomorphs in the Muirkirk clay pit fossil locality. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-613:1-7 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] | |
4182 | K. D. Rose, R. L. Cifelli, and T. R. Lipka. 2001. Second triconodont dentary from the Early Cretaceous of Maryland. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21(3):628-632 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
85047 | D. B. Weishampel and L. Young. 1996. Dinosaurs of the East Coast xiii-275 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |