Cethana Dam: Early/Lower Oligocene, Australia
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
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Trilete informal spore spp. microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Sticherus sp. leaf
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-253, 593, 637. | ||||||||||
? Daviesia sp. leaf
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-464, 618. | ||||||||||
Pteridopsida
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Matonisporites ornamentalis microspore
Partridge 1973
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Cyathidites paleospora microspore
Alley and Broadbridge 1992
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Cyathidites australis microspore
Couper 1953
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Cyathidites minor microspore
Couper 1953
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
cf. Ischyosporites irregularis microspore
Sah and Jain 1965
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Pteridopsida
- Psilotales
- Psilotaceae
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Tmesipteris tasmanica sterile axis
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-204. | ||||||||||
Lycopsida
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Foveotriletes balteus microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Foveotriletes palaequetrus microspore
Partridge 1973
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Polypodiopsida
- Gleicheniaceae
|
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Gleichenia sp. sterile axis
Smith 1793
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-048, 099. | ||||||||||
Gleicheniidites circiniidites microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Polypodiopsida
- Dicksoniaceae
|
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Trilites tuberculiformis microspore
Cookson 1947
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Cyatheacidites annulatus microspore
Cookson 1947
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Polypodiopsida
- Gleicheniales
- Matoniaceae
|
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Dictyophyllidites arcuatus microspore
Pocknall and Mildenhall 1984
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Polypodiopsida
- Schizaeales
- Schizaeaceae
|
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Schizaea sp. leaf
Smith 1793
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-071. | ||||||||||
Polypodiopsida
- Schizaeales
- Lygodiaceae
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Lygodium sp. sterile axis
Swartz 1800
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-232, 661. | ||||||||||
Lygodium dinmorphyllum sterile axis
Churchill 1969
|
Rozefelds et al. 1992 | |||||||||
Polypodiopsida
- Cyatheales
- Cyatheaceae
|
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? Cyatheaceae indet. leaf
Kaulfuss 1827
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-255, 446. | ||||||||||
Polypodiopsida
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Verrucosisporites aff. cristatus microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Polypodiopsida
- Polypodiaceae
|
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Laevigatosporites ovatus microspore
Wilson and Webster 1946
|
Carpenter 1991 | 1 %-individuals | ||||||||
Verrucatosporites attinatus microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Polypodiopsida
- Blechnaceae
|
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Peromonolites vellosus microspore
Partridge 1973
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
? Blechnum sp. leaf
Linnaeus 1753
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-083, 420, 530, 531. | ||||||||||
Magnoliopsida
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Tricolporites spp. microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Tricolporites cf. angurium microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Periporopollenites polyoratus microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Periporopollenites demarcatus microspore
Stover 1973
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Periporopollenites vesicus microspore
Partridge 1973
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Haloragacidites harrisii microspore
Mildenhall and Harris 1971
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Malvacipollis duratus microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
n. sp. | ||||||||||
Malvacipollis subtilis microspore
Stover 1973
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Bennettitales
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Ptilophyllum muelleri leaf
Ettingshausen 1886
|
McLoughlin et al. 2011 | |||||||||
Coniferales
- Cupressaceae
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Libocedrus morrisonii sterile axis
Hill and Carpenter 1989
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-553. | ||||||||||
Papuacedrus australis n. sp. sterile axis, leaf
Hill and Carpenter 1989
|
Hill and Carpenter 1989 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-225, 234, 259, 349 | ||||||||||
Coniferales
- Podocarpaceae
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Phyllocladidites mawsonii microspore
Cookson 1947
|
Carpenter 1991 | 5 %-individuals | ||||||||
Podocarpus informal sp. 1 leaf
L'Heritier and Persoon 1807
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-610. | ||||||||||
Podocarpus informal sp. 2 leaf
L'Heritier and Persoon 1807
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-251, 274, 275, 342, 492. | ||||||||||
Microcachryidites antarcticus microspore
Couper 1953
|
Carpenter 1991 | 1 %-individuals | ||||||||
Dacrycarpites australiensis microspore
Cookson and Pike 1953
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Podosporites parvisaccites sensu lato microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | 1 %-individuals | ||||||||
Podosporites microsaccatus microspore
Dettmann 1963
|
Carpenter 1991 | 2 %-individuals | ||||||||
Acmopyle glabra sterile axis
Hill and Carpenter 1991
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-222, 226. | ||||||||||
Phyllocladus informal sp. 1 sterile axis
Richard and Mirbel 1825
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-305. | ||||||||||
Phyllocladus informal sp. 2 sterile axis
Richard and Mirbel 1825
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-352. | ||||||||||
Dacrycarpus mucronatus sterile axis
Wells and Hill 1989
|
Hill and Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
in Carpenter, 1991 Dacrycarpus falcatus | ||||||||||
Dacrydium informal sp. 1 sterile axis
Soland and Lambert 1807
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-202, 471. | ||||||||||
Dacrydium informal sp. 2 sterile axis
Soland and Lambert 1807
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-517, 519. | ||||||||||
Lygistepollenites florinii microspore
Stover and Evans 1973
|
Carpenter 1991 | 10 %-individuals | ||||||||
Lagarostrobos sp. sterile axis
Quinn 1982
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-340, 540, 735. | ||||||||||
Podocarpidites ostentatus microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Podocarpidites spp. microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | 10 %-individuals | ||||||||
Angiospermae
- Liliaceae
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Liliacidites sp. microspore
Couper 1953
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Angiospermae
- Poales
- Restionaceae
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Milfordia hypolaenoides microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Angiospermae
- Laurales
- Lauraceae
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Laurophyllum sp. leaf
Göppert 1853
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-479, 628. | ||||||||||
Angiospermae
- Buxales
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Polypodiidites sp. microspore
Potonié 1966
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Angiospermae
- Gunnerales
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Tricolpites spp. microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Tricolpites reticulatus microspore
Couper 1953
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Angiospermae
- Proteales
- Proteaceae
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Proteaceae informal incertae sedis leaf
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
? Grevillea informal sp. 2 leaf
Brown and Knight 1809
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C- 715. | ||||||||||
? Grevillea informal sp. 1 leaf
Brown and Knight 1809
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C- 714. | ||||||||||
Proteacidites spp. microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Proteacidites reticulatus microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
cf. Proteacidites pseudomoides microspore
Stover 1973
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Telopea truncata leaf, cuticle
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
Lomatia fraxinifolia leaf
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-495, 551, 556. | ||||||||||
Lomatia informal sp. 3 leaf
Brown 1810
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-037 | ||||||||||
Lomatia xeromorpha n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Hill 1988
|
Carpenter and Hill 1988 | |||||||||
Banksieaephyllum informal sp. 4 leaf
Cookson and Duigan 1950
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-443, 590, 630. | ||||||||||
Banksieaephyllum informal sp. 3 leaf
Cookson and Duigan 1950
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-550. | ||||||||||
Banksieaephyllum orientalis n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Jordan 1997
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
in Carpenter, 1991 Banksieaephyllum sp. 1 | ||||||||||
Banksieaephyllum linearis n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Jordan 1997
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
Proteaciphyllum tridacnoides n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Jordan 1997
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
replaced by Euproteaciphyllum tridacnoides | ||||||||||
in Carpenter, 1991 Lomatia sp. 4 | ||||||||||
Proteaciphyllum attenuatum n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Jordan 1997
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
replaced by Euproteaciphyllum attenuatum | ||||||||||
Proteaciphyllum gevuininoides n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Jordan 1997
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
replaced by Euproteaciphyllum gevuininoides | ||||||||||
Proteaciphyllum linearis n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Jordan 1997
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
replaced by Euproteaciphyllum linearis | ||||||||||
Proteaciphyllum lomatioides n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Jordan 1997
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
replaced by Euproteaciphyllum lomatioides | ||||||||||
in Carpenter, 1991 Lomatia sp. 3 | ||||||||||
Proteaciphyllum cethanicum n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Jordan 1997
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
replaced by Euproteaciphyllum cethanicum | ||||||||||
Proteaciphyllum ornamentalis n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Jordan 1997
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
replaced by Euproteaciphyllum ornamentalis | ||||||||||
Proteaciphyllum microphyllum n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Jordan 1997
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
replaced by Euproteaciphyllum integrifolium | ||||||||||
Proteaciphyllum integrifolium n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Jordan 1997
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
replaced by Euproteaciphyllum integrifolium | ||||||||||
Proteaciphyllum rugulatum n. sp. leaf, cuticle
Carpenter and Jordan 1997
|
Carpenter and Jordan 1997 | |||||||||
replaced by Euproteaciphyllum rugulatum | ||||||||||
Banksieaeformis informal sp. 2 leaf
Hill and Christophel 1988
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-294, 315, 711. | ||||||||||
Angiospermae
- Santalales
- Loranthaceae
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Gothanipollis bassensis microspore
Stover 1973
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Angiospermae
- Caryophyllales
- Droseraceae
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Droseraceae indet. microspore
Salisbury 1808
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Angiospermae
- Escalloniales
- Escalloniaceae
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Quintinia psilatispora microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Angiospermae
- Oxalidales
- Elaeocarpaceae
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aff. Elaeocarpus sp. leaf, cuticle
Linnaeus 1753
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-608. | ||||||||||
Angiospermae
- Oxalidales
- Cunoniaceae
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Callicoma serratifolia leaf, seed/fruit
Andrews 1809
|
Carpenter and Buchanan 1993 | |||||||||
Schizomeria tasmaniensis n. sp. flower
Carpenter and Buchanan 1993
|
Carpenter and Buchanan 1993 | |||||||||
Vesselowskya aff. ruinfolia leaf
|
Carpenter and Buchanan 1993 | |||||||||
Weinmanniaphyllum bernardii n. gen., n. sp. leaf
Carpenter and Buchanan 1993
|
Carpenter and Buchanan 1993 | |||||||||
Acsmithia grandiflora n. sp. sterile axis
Carpenter and Buchanan 1993
|
Carpenter and Buchanan 1993 | |||||||||
Angiospermae
- Fagales
|
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Nothofagidites deminutus microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Nothofagidites spp. microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | 53 %-individuals | ||||||||
Nothofagidites emarcidus / Nothofagidites heterus | ||||||||||
Nothofagidites goniatus microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Nothofagidites cf. brachyspinulosus microspore
Harris 1965
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Nothofagidites flemingii microspore
Potonie 1960
|
Carpenter 1991 | 7 %-individuals | ||||||||
Nothofagidites falcatus microspore
Hekel 1972
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Nothofagidites asperus microspore
Cookson 1958
|
Carpenter 1991 | 9 %-individuals | ||||||||
Angiospermae
- Fagales
- Nothofagaceae
|
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Nothofagus aff. alessandrii leaf
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-457, 665 | ||||||||||
Nothofagus cethanica n. sp.
Hill 1984
|
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Nothofagus tasmanica leaf
Hill 1983
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-288. | ||||||||||
Nothofagus gunnii
Oersted 1873
|
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Angiospermae
- Fagales
- Casuarinaceae
|
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aff. Gymnostoma sp. multi organs, cuticle
Johnson 1980
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-262, 502, 777, dispersed cuticle 778, 779. | ||||||||||
Angiospermae
- Malvales
- Sterculiaceae
|
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aff. Brachychiton sp. leaf
Schott and Endlicher 1832
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-648. | ||||||||||
Angiospermae
- Ericales
- Ericaceae
|
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Ericipites scabratus microspore
Harris 1965
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Ericipites crassiexinus microspore
Harris 1972
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Angiospermae
- Myrtales
|
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Myrtaceidites parvus microspore
Cookson and Pike 1960
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Myrtaceidites mesonesus microspore
Cookson and Pike 1954
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Angiospermae
- Myrtales
- Myrtaceae
|
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Myrtaceae indet. leaf
de Jussieu 1789
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-023, 029, 214, 306, 324, 350, 386, 393, 624, 716, 717, 718 and several others. | ||||||||||
unclassified
|
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Cycadopites sp. microspore
Wodehouse 1933
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Cycadopsida
- Cycadales
- Zamiaceae
|
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Macrozamia australis leaf, cuticle
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-532, 651, 652. | ||||||||||
Pterostoma aff. anastomosans leaf
Hill 1980
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-483. | ||||||||||
Equisetopsida
- Araucariaceae
|
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Araucaria informal sp. 1 leaf, cuticle
de Jussieu 1789
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-021, 546, 632, 642, 643. | ||||||||||
Agathis sp. fertile axis
Salisbury 1807
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimens examined. C-223, 441, 529. | ||||||||||
Agathis informal sp. 1 leaf, cuticle
Salisbury 1807
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-478. | ||||||||||
Agathis informal sp. 2 leaf
Salisbury 1807
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-489. | ||||||||||
Agathis informal sp. 3 leaf
Salisbury 1807
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-534. | ||||||||||
Agathis spp. leaf
|
Hill et al. 2008 | |||||||||
In addition to leaves, cone scales also occur here. | ||||||||||
Agathis vittatus cuticle
Hill et al. 2008
|
Hill et al. 2008 | |||||||||
Agathis brevigongylodes cuticle
Hill et al. 2008
|
Hill et al. 2008 | |||||||||
Araucariacites australis microspore
Cookson 1947
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Bryopsida
|
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Stereisporites sp. microspore
Pflug 1953
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Lycopodiopsida
- Selaginellales
- Selaginellaceae
|
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Herkosporites elliotii microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Lycopodiopsida
- Lycopodiales
- Lycopodiaceae
|
||||||||||
Lycopodiumsporites sp. microspore
Delcourt and Sprumont 1955
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Latrobosporites crassus microspore
Harris 1981
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Lycopodiopsida
- Lycopodiales
|
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Retitriletes austroclavatidites microspore
Döring et al. 1963
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
unclassified
|
||||||||||
Granodiporites nebulosus microspore
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
aff. Hymenophyllum sp. fertile axis
Smith 1793
|
Carpenter 1991 | |||||||||
Specimen examined. C-635. | ||||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | Australia | State/province: | Tasmania |
Coordinates: | 41.5° South, 146.1° East (view map) | ||
Paleocoordinates: | 58.3° South, 145.6° East | ||
Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||
Altitude: | 350 meters |
Time
Period: | Paleogene | Epoch: | Oligocene |
Stage: | Rupelian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 4 |
Key time interval: | Early/Lower Oligocene | Pollen zone: | Proteacidites tuberculatus |
Age range of interval: | 33.90000 - 27.82000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy comments: According to Macphail (pers. comm.) the age of the flora is between Early Eocene and uppermost Oligocene (Hill, 1984).
Further palynological assessment suggests that the flora is likely to be in the Late Eocene to Oligocene range based on the high proportion of Nothofagus brassii-type and Phyllocladidites mawsonii pollen (Carpenter & Hill, 1988). The palynoflora has been assigned to the early Oligocene by Macphail et al. 1994. The presence of Cyatheacidites annulatus provides a confident Proteacidites tuberculatus Zone (Stover and Partridge 1973) maximum age, but the upper age limits are less certain owing to possible diachronism in the times of extinction of accessory species such as Beaupreadites verrucosus, Granodiporites nebulosus and Triporopollenites ambiguus. (Hill et al. 2008) |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | tabular,brown,gray,yellow siltstone |
Secondary lithology: | quartzose sandstone |
Lithology description: The deposit unconformably overlies folded quartzose arenaceous (Moina Sandstone) meta-sediments. The fossiliferous rock is a creamy-yellow to light brown-grey laminated siltstone with alternations of thin sand layers. Fossils from Hill & Carpenter, 1988 were recovered from mudstone of the same locality. | |
Environment: | lagoonal |
Geology comments: The fine laminated siltstone with terrestrial plant fragments indicates a low energy depositional environment such as a lake centre. The sand layers may indicate fluctuating stream inflow on the lake edges.
The Cethana deposit had an Early Oligocene altitude of about 300 m. It formed at a time for which there is evidence of regional glacial activity (Macphail et al. 1993), in Carpenter & Jordan, 1997. |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | mold/impression,adpression |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils,microfossils |
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods: | chemical,hydroflouric |
Reason for describing collection: | paleoecologic analysis |
Metadata
Database number: | 166832 | ||
Authorizer: | C. Jaramillo | Enterer: | A. Cárdenas, C. Jaramillo |
Modifier: | C. Jaramillo | Research group: | paleobotany |
Created: | 2015-02-28 17:21:50 | Last modified: | 2015-05-15 10:14:45 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 2015-02-28 17:21:50 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
54512. | R. S. Hill. 1984. Tertiary Nothofagus macrofossils from Cethana, Tasmania. Alcheringa 8(1):81-86 [C. Jaramillo/A. Cárdenas] |
Secondary references:
54670 | R. J. Carpenter. 1991. Palaeovegetation and Environment at Cethana, Tasmania. [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo] | |
54691 | R. J. Carpenter and A. M. Buchanan. 1993. Oligocene Leaves, Fruit and Flowers of the Cunoniaceae from Cethana, Tasmania. Australian Systematic Botany 6(2):91-109 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo] | |
54604 | R. J. Carpenter and R. S. Hill. 1988. Early Tertiary Lomatia (Proteaceae) macrofossils from Tasmania, Australia. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 56(1-2):141-150 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo] | |
54458 | R. J. Carpenter and G. J. Jordan. 1997. Early Tertiary Macrofossils of Proteaceae from Tasmania. Australian Systematic Botany 10(4):533-563 [C. Jaramillo/A. Cárdenas] | |
54590 | R. S. Hill and R. J. Carpenter. 1989. Tertiary gymnosperms from Tasmania: Cupressaceae. Alcheringa 13:89-102 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo/M. Uhen] | |
54599 | R. S. Hill and R. J. Carpenter. 1991. Evolution of Acmopyle and Dacrycarpus (Podocarpaceae) Foliage as Inferred from Macrofossils in South-eastern Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 4(3):449-479 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo] | |
55313 | R. S. Hill, T. Lewis, R. J. Carpenter and S. S. Whang. 2008. Agathis (Araucariaceae) macrofossils from Cainozoic sediments in south eastern Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 21:162-177 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo] | |
54760 | S. McLoughlin, R. J. Carpenter, and C. Pott. 2011. Ptilophyllum muelleri (Ettingsh.) comb. nov. from the Oligocene of Australia: Last of the Bennettitales?. International Journal of Plant Sciences 172(4):574-585 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo] | |
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