Foulden maar (I43/f8503): Aquitanian, New Zealand

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Insecta - Diptera - Chironomidae
cf. Chironominae indet. Macquart 1838
Baranov et al. 2024 2 specimens
OU 45549, 46608
cf. Chironomus informal sp. 1 Meigen 1803
Baranov et al. 2024 9 specimens
OU 45543, 45553, 46620, 46625, 46627, 46645, 46654, 47051, 47058 (pupae)
cf. Chironomus informal sp. 2 Meigen 1803
Baranov et al. 2024 1 specimen
OU 47488 (larva)
Tanypodinae indet. Skuse 1889
Baranov et al. 2024 6 specimens
OU 44930, 44933, 45541, 46609, 46626, 46641
Insecta - Diptera - Limoniidae
Gynoplistia fouldensensis n. sp. Nel and Kaulfuss 2024
Nel and Kaulfuss 2024 1 specimen
OU 46615 (1 measurement)
Insecta - Diptera - Tipulidae
Tipulidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Kaulfuss et al. 2015 1 specimen
original and current combination Tipulariae
OU 44945
Insecta - Diptera
? Brachycera indet. Zetterstedt 1842
Baranov et al. 2024 8 specimens
OU 44944, 44981, 44982, 44996, 45559, 46644, 46652, 4655
Insecta - Diptera - Chaoboridae
Chaoboridae indet. Edwards 1920
Baranov et al. 2024 5 specimens
OU 46631, 46642, 46651, 46653, 47487
Insecta - Blattodea - Stolotermitidae
Stolotermes kupe n. sp. Kaulfuss et al. 2010
Kaulfuss et al. 2010 1 specimen
OU 44560 (1 measurement)
Insecta - Blattodea
Waipiatatermes matatoka n. gen., n. sp. Engel and Kaulfuss 2016
Engel and Kaulfuss 2016 1 specimen
OU 45555 (1 measurement)
Insecta - Blattodea - Kalotermitidae
Kalotermitidae indet. (Froggatt 1897)
Engel and Kaulfuss 2016 1 specimen
OU 44951
Taieritermes krishnai n. gen., n. sp. Engel and Kaulfuss 2016
Engel and Kaulfuss 2016 1 specimen
OU 45540 (1 measurement)
Pterotermopsis fouldenica n. gen., n. sp. Engel and Kaulfuss 2016
Engel and Kaulfuss 2016 1 specimen
OU 44989 (1 measurement)
Otagotermes novazealandicus n. gen., n. sp. Engel and Kaulfuss 2016
Engel and Kaulfuss 2016 1 specimen
OU 44976 (1 measurement)
Insecta - Coleoptera - Chrysomelidae
Chrysomelidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Kaulfuss et al. 2015 1 specimen
original and current combination Chrysomelinae
OU 44972
Insecta - Coleoptera - Curculionidae
Curculionidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Kaulfuss et al. 2015 1 specimen
Curculionites
OU 44997
Curculioninae indet. Latreille 1802
Kaulfuss et al. 2015 1 specimen
OU 44778
Insecta - Coleoptera - Staphylinidae
Nototorchus sp. McColl 1985
Kaulfuss et al. 2015 1 specimen
OU 44570
Austroperlidae indet. Tillyard 1921
Kaulfuss et al. 2015 1 specimen
OU 45239
    = Staphylininae indet. Latreille 1802
Jenkins Shaw et al. 2020
Sphingoquedius meto n. sp. Jenkins Shaw et al. 2020
Jenkins Shaw et al. 2020 1 specimen
OU 46635 (1 measurement)
Sagola sp. Sharp 1874
Kaulfuss et al. 2015 1 specimen
OU 44567
Insecta - Coleoptera - Hydrophilidae
Hydrophilidae indet. Latreille 1802
Kaulfuss et al. 2015 1 specimen
OU 44554
Insecta - Trichoptera
Trichoptera indet. Kirby 1815
Kaulfuss et al. 2015 1 specimen
OU 45232
Insecta - Hymenoptera - Formicidae
Formicidae informal indet. A (Latreille 1802)
Kaulfuss and Dlussky 2016 1 specimen
original and current combination Formicariae
OU 44903
Formicidae informal indet. B (Latreille 1802)
Kaulfuss and Dlussky 2016 1 specimen
original and current combination Formicariae
OU 44904
Formicidae informal indet. C (Latreille 1802)
Kaulfuss and Dlussky 2016 1 specimen
original and current combination Formicariae
OU 44902
Amblyoponinae indet. Forel 1893
Kaulfuss and Dlussky 2016 1 specimen
OU 44898
Amblyoponini indet. Forel 1893
Kaulfuss et al. 2014 1 specimen
invalid subgroup of Amblyoponinae
OU 44553 (2 measurements)
Austroponera schneideri n. sp. Kaulfuss and Dlussky 2016
Kaulfuss and Dlussky 2016 1 specimen
OU 44901 (1 measurement)
Myrmecorhynchus novaeseelandiae n. sp. Kaulfuss and Dlussky 2016
Kaulfuss and Dlussky 2016 1 specimen
OU 44569 (1 measurement)
Rhytidoponera waipiata n. sp. Kaulfuss and Dlussky 2016
Kaulfuss and Dlussky 2016 1 specimen
OU 44899 (2 measurements)
Rhytidoponera gibsoni n. sp. Kaulfuss and Dlussky 2016
Kaulfuss and Dlussky 2016 1 specimen
OU 44900 (1 measurement)
Insecta - Hemiptera - Diaspididae
Aspidiotinae indet. Ferris 1942
14 individuals
Insecta - Hemiptera - Coccidae
? Coccidae indet.
Kaulfuss et al. 2015 1 specimen
OU 44999
Insecta - Hemiptera - Aradidae
Aneurus sp. Curtis 1925
Kaulfuss et al. 2011 2 specimens
OU 44555; OU 44974 in Kaulfuss et al., 2015 (1 measurement)
Insecta - Hemiptera - Tingidae
Tingidae indet. Laporte 1833
Kaulfuss and Heiss 2023 1 specimen
OU 44987
Arachnida
Arachnida indet. Lamarck 1801
Selden and Kaulfuss 2019 1 specimen
OU 45206
Arachnida - Araneae
Araneomorphae indet. Smith 1902
Selden and Kaulfuss 2019 1 specimen
OU 45209
Mygalomorphae indet. Pocock 1892
Selden and Kaulfuss 2019 1 specimen
OU 45207
Arachnida - Araneae - Idiopidae
Araneidae indet. Simon 1895
Kaulfuss et al. 2015 1 specimen
OU 45208
    = Idiopidae indet. Simon 1892
Selden and Kaulfuss 2019
Polypodiopsida - Polypodiales
Polypodiisporites radiatus Pocknall and Mildenhall 1984
Conran et al. 2010
Polypodiopsida - Polypodiales - Davalliaceae
Davallia walkeri Conran et al. 2010
Conran et al. 2010
Coniferales - Podocarpaceae
Podocarpus travisiae n. sp. Pole 1993
Pole 1993
Angiospermae - Liliaceae
Liliacidites contortus n. sp. Conran et al. 2014
Conran et al. 2014
Angiospermae - Liliales - Alstroemeriaceae
Alstroemeriaceae informal parataxon 1
Conran et al. 2014
Luzuriaga peterbannisteri n. sp. Conran et al. 2014
Conran et al. 2014
Angiospermae - Liliales - Ripogonaceae
Ripogonum scandens
Pole 1996
Angiospermae - Asparagales - Asteliaceae
Astelia antiquua n. sp. Maciunas et al. 2011
Maciunas et al. 2011
Angiospermae - Asparagales - Orchidaceae
Earina fouldenensis n. sp. Conran et al. 2009
Conran et al. 2009
Dendrobium winikaphyllum n. sp. Conran et al. 2009
Conran et al. 2009
Angiospermae - Laurales - Lauraceae
Lauraceae informal Parataxon 1
Bannister et al. 2012
Lauraceae informal Parataxon 2
Bannister et al. 2012
Lauraceae informal Parataxon 3
Bannister et al. 2012
Lauraceae indet. Jussieu 1789
Pole 1996
Laurophyllum vulcanicola n. sp. Bannister et al. 2012
Bannister et al. 2012
Laurophyllum maarensis n. sp. Bannister et al. 2012
Bannister et al. 2012
Laurophyllum longfordiensis n. sp. Holden 1982
Bannister et al. 2012
Laurophyllum sylvestris n. sp. Bannister et al. 2012
Bannister et al. 2012
Laurophyllum otagoensis n. sp. Bannister et al. 2012
Bannister et al. 2012
Laurophyllum lacustris n. sp. Bannister et al. 2012
Bannister et al. 2012
Laurophyllum microphyllum n. sp. Bannister et al. 2012
Bannister et al. 2012
Laurophyllum waipiata n. sp. Bannister et al. 2012
Bannister et al. 2012
Laurophyllum taieriensis n. sp. Bannister et al. 2012
Bannister et al. 2012
Laurophyllum calicarioides n. sp. Bannister et al. 2012
Bannister et al. 2012
Litseopsis novazelandiae n. sp. Bannister et al. 2012
Bannister et al. 2012
Angiospermae - Laurales - Atherospermataceae
Laurelia otagoensis n. sp. Conran et al. 2013
Conran et al. 2013
Angiospermae - Proteales - Proteaceae
Euproteaciphyllum alloxylonoides n. sp. Carpenter et al. 2012
Carpenter et al. 2012
Euproteaciphyllum pacificum n. sp. Carpenter et al. 2012
Carpenter et al. 2012
Angiospermae - Canellales - Winteraceae
? Winteraceae indet. Lindley 1830
Pole 1996
Angiospermae - Malpighiales - Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae indet. Jussieu 1789
Pole 1996
Macaranga or Mallotus
? Euphorbiaceae indet. Jussieu 1789
Pole 1996
Euphorbiaceae informal or Leguminosae
Pole 1996
Malloranga fouldenensis n. sp. Lee et al. 2010
Lee et al. 2010
Euphorbiotheca mallotoides n. sp. Lee et al. 2010
Lee et al. 2010
Angiospermae - Oxalidales - Elaeocarpaceae
Elaeocarpaceae indet. de Candolle 1816
1 individual
leaf that hosted Aspidiotinae
Angiospermae - Oxalidales - Cunoniaceae
Cunoniaceae informal or Elaeocarpaceae
Pole 1996
Angiospermae - Malvales - Sterculiaceae
Sterculiaceae informal or Hernandiaceae
Pole 1996
Sterculiaceae informal or Tiliaceae
Pole 1996
Angiospermae - Sapindales - Sapindaceae
Sapindaceae indet. de Jussieu 1789
Pole 1996
Angiospermae - Sapindales - Rutaceae
Rutaceae informal or Meliaceae
Pole 1996
Angiospermae - Primulales - Myrsinaceae
cf. Ardisia sp. Swartz 1788
Pole 1996
Angiospermae - Myrtales - Myrtaceae
Myrtaceae indet. de Jussieu 1789
Pole 1996
unclassified
Nyssapollenites endobalteus Mildenhall and Pocknall 1989
Lee et al. 2010
see common names

Geography
Country:New Zealand
Coordinates: 45.5° South, 170.2° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:51.2° South, 177.1° West
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Neogene Epoch:Miocene
Stage:Aquitanian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 5
Key time interval:Aquitanian
Age range of interval:23.03000 - 20.44000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Foulden Hills Diatomite
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: The early Miocene (Aquitanian) age of deposition is constrained by palynology of the diatomite (uppermost Rhoipites waimumuensis Zone to lower early Proteacidites isopogiformis Zone (New Zealand local stages: late Waitakian-early Otaian) (Mildenhall et al. 2014), while the age of the maar-forming eruptions has been determined as latest Oligocene to earliest Miocene (23Ma) by 40Ar/39Ar dating of basalts (Lindqvist & Lee 2009).
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:planar lamination lithified diatomite
Lithology description: "Collected from a finely varved, leaf- bearing diatomite…"Bannister et al., 2005
Environment:crater lake Tectonic setting:volcanic basin
Geology comments: "Gordon (1959a) thought this "Middlemarch diatomite" was deposited in a conventional tectonic basin formed by local faulting, but Coombs et al. (1986, p. 301) inferred that the basin is one of several short-lived explosive volcanic vents or maars in eastern and Central Otago, formed during an early phase of the Dunedin Volcanic Group volcanism." Bannister et al., 2005. "An approximately 1.5-km-diameter, 100–200-deep maar lake" Lindqvist & Lee, 2009
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:adpression
Size of fossils:mesofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:survey of museum collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Metadata
Also known as:Foulden Hills
Database number:50035
Authorizer:D. Bottjer, M. Clapham Enterer:M. Clapham, J. Karr
Modifier:M. Clapham Research group:paleobotany,paleoentomology
Created:2005-05-04 16:46:19 Last modified:2024-02-24 11:23:08
Access level:the public Released:2005-05-04 16:46:19
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
38656. A. C. Harris, J. M. Bannister, and D. E. Lee. 2007. Fossil scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Diaspididae) in life position on an angiosperm leaf from an early Miocene lake deposit, Otago, New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 37(1):1-13 [M. Clapham/J. Karr]

Secondary references:

55230fossil record J. M. Bannister, J. G. Conran, and D. E. Lee. 2012. Lauraceae from rainforest surrounding an early Miocene maar lake, Otago, southern New Zealand. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology (178)13-34 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
87683 V. O. Baranov, J. T. Haug, and U. Kaulfuss. 2024. New records of immature aquatic Diptera from the Foulden Maar Fossil-Lagerstätte, New Zealand, and their biogeographic implications. PeerJ 12(e17014) [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
55631 R. J. Carpenter, J. M. Bannister, D. E. Lee and G. J. Jordan. 2012. Proteaceae leaf fossils from the Oligo–Miocene of New Zealand: new species and evidence of biome and trait conservatism. Australian Systematic Botany 25(6):375-389 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
55227fossil record J. G. Conran, J. M. Bannister, and D. E. Lee. 2009. Earliest orchid macrofossils: early Miocene Dendrobium and Earina (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) from New Zealand. American Journal of Botany (96)466-474 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
55231fossil record J. G. Conran, J. M. Bannister, and D. E. Lee. 2013. Conran, J. G., Bannister, J. M. and Lee, D. E. 2013. Fruits and leaves with cuticle of Laurelia otagoensis sp. nov. (Atherospermataceae) from the early Miocene of Otago (New Zealand). Alcheringa: DOI:10.1080/03115518.2013.798765. Alcheringa (37)1-14 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
55232fossil record J. G. Conran, J. M. Bannister, D. C. Mildenhall, D. E. Lee, J. Chacón and S. S. Renner. 2014. Leaf fossils of Luzuriaga and a monocot flower with in situ pollen of Liliacidites contortus Mildenh. & Bannister sp. nov. (Alstroemeriaceae) from the early Miocene. American Journal of Botany (101)141-155 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
55226fossil record J. G. Conran, U. Kaulfuss, J.M. Bannister, D.C. Mildenhall, and D.E. Lee. 2010. Davallia (Polypodiales: Davalliaceae) macrofossils from Early Miocene Otago (New Zealand) with in situ spores. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology (162)84-94 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
61611 M. S. Engel and U. Kaulfuss. 2016. Diverse, primitive termites (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae, incertae sedis) from the early Miocene of New Zealand. Austral Entomology 56:94-103 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
74014 J. Jenkins Shaw, A. Solodovnikov, M. Bai and U. Kaulfuss. 2020. An amblyopinine rove beetle (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Amblyopinini) from the earliest Miocene Foulden Maar fossil-Lagerstätte, New Zealand. Journal of Paleontology 94:1082-1088 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
59088 U. Kaulfuss and G. M. Dlussky. 2016. Early Miocene Formicidae (Amblyoponinae, Ectatomminae, ?Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, and Ponerinae) from the Foulden Maar fossil Lagerstätte, New Zealand, and their biogeographic relevance. Journal of Paleontology 89:1043-1055 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
40571 U. Kaulfuss, A. C. Harris, and D. E. Lee. 2010. A new fossil termite (Isoptera, Stolotermitidae, Stolotermes) from the early Miocene of Otago, New Zealand. Acta Geologica Sinica 84:705-709 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
53165 U. Kaulfuss, A. C. Harris, J. G. Conran and D. E. Lee. 2014. An early Miocene ant (subfam. Amblyoponinae) from Foulden Maar: the first fossil Hymenoptera from New Zealand. Alcheringa 38:568-574 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
84804 U. Kaulfuss and E. Heiss. 2023. The first fossil lace bug (Heteroptera: Tingidae) from New Zealand. Alcheringa 47:117-121 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
60122 U. Kaulfuss, D. E. Lee, B. L. P. Barratt, R. A. B. Leschen, M. C. Larivière, G. M. Dlussky, I. M. Henderson and A. C. Harris. 2015. A diverse fossil terrestrial arthropod fauna from New Zealand: evidence from the early Miocene Foulden Maar fossil lagerstätte. Lethaia 48:299-308 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
41248 U. Kaulfuss, T. Wappler, E. Heiss and M.C. Larivière. 2011. Aneurus sp. from the early Miocene Foulden Maar, New Zealand: the first southern hemisphere record of fossil Aradidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 41:279-285 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
55228fossil record D. E. Lee, J. M. Bannister, J.I. Raine and J.G. Conran. 2010. Euphorbiaceae: Acalyphoideae fossils from early Miocene New Zealand: Mallotus–Macaranga leaves, fruits, and inflorescence with in situ Nyssapollenites endobalteus pollen. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology (163)127-138 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
55229fossil record E. Maciunas, J. G. Conran, J. M. Bannister, R. Paull, and D. E. Lee. 2011. Miocene Astelia (Asparagales: Asteliaceae) macrofossils from southern New Zealand. In CSiRO (ed.), Australian Systematic Botany (24)19-31 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
87613 A. Nel and U. Kaulfuss. 2024. A crane fly of the genus Gynoplistia Macquart (Diptera, Limoniidae) from the early Miocene of New Zealand. ZooKeys 1192:103-110 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
55224fossil record M. Pole. 1993. Miocene broad-leaved Podocarpus from Foulden Hills, New Zealand. Alcheringa (17)173-177 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
55225fossil record M. Pole. 1996. Plant macrofossils from the Foulden Hills Diatomite (Miocene), Central Otago, New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand (26)1-39 [C. Jaramillo/C. Jaramillo]
68071 P. A. Selden and U. Kaulfuss. 2019. Fossil arachnids from the earliest Miocene Foulden Maar fossil-Lagerstätte, New Zealand. Alcheringa 43:165-169 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham/M. Clapham]