San Gerardo de Limoncito: Hemphillian, Costa Rica
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
|
Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Gomphotheriidae
|
||||||||||
|
Rhynchotherium blicki
(Frick 1933)
|
Valerio and Laurito 2008 | |||||||||
| CFM-2837, 3224, 3361, 3364 and 3365 | ||||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Mylodontidae
|
||||||||||
|
Mylodontidae indet.
Ameghino 1889
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Megatheriidae
|
||||||||||
|
Megatheriidae indet.
(Gray 1821)
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
= Sibotherium ka n. gen., n. sp.
Rincón et al. 2020
|
Rincón et al. 2020 | |||||||||
| CFM-994 (Type), CFM-3713, CFM-1785, CFM- 3058, CFM-2625, CFM-1302, CFM-1840, CFM-3795, CFM-1645, CFM-2498, CFM-998, CFM-1301, CFM-1239, CFM-1243, CFM-2607, CFM-3731, CFM-3634, 3000, 1532, 1530, 1447, 1858, CFM-1531, 2604, 2606, 1696; CFM-1654, ;CFM-3813, CFM-995, | ||||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Megalonychidae
|
||||||||||
|
Zacatzontli cotobrusensis n. sp.
Valerio et al. 2022
|
Valerio et al. 2022 | |||||||||
| Holotype: CFM-2916; CFM-2917, first upper molariform; CFM-1000, molarifiorm. CFM-1000 and CFM-2917 were previously referred to as Pliometanastes cf. protistus | ||||||||||
|
Pliometanastes cf. protistus
Hirschfeld and Webb 1968
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
| CFM-2017, and 2645 | ||||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Cingulata
- Pampatheriidae
|
||||||||||
|
Scirrotherium antelucanus n. sp.
Laurito and Valerio 2013
|
Laurito and Valerio 2013 | |||||||||
| Holotype CFM 2867 | ||||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Camelidae
|
||||||||||
|
Hemiauchenia sp.
Gervais and Ameghino 1880
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
= Hemiauchenia vera
Matthew 1909
|
Laurito and Valerio 2016 | |||||||||
| recombined as Pleiolama vera | ||||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Tayassuidae
|
||||||||||
|
Tayassuidae indet.
Palmer 1897
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Protherohyus brachydontus
(Dalquest and Mooser 1980)
|
Valerio and Laurito 2020 | |||||||||
| CFM-2195 | ||||||||||
|
Prosthennops serus
(Cope 1877)
|
Valerio and Laurito 2020 | |||||||||
| CFM-2915, CFM-1861, CFM-1862, CFM-1499, CFM-1652,CFM-1651, | ||||||||||
|
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
|
||||||||||
|
Dinohippus mexicanus
(Lance 1950)
|
Laurito and Valerio 2010 | |||||||||
| original and current combination Pliohippus (Pliohippus) mexicanus | ||||||||||
|
Protohippus gidleyi
Hulbert 1988
|
Laurito and Valerio 2010 | |||||||||
|
Calippus (Grammohippus) hondurensis
(Olson and McGrew 1941)
|
Laurito and Valerio 2010 | |||||||||
| recombined as Calippus hondurensis | ||||||||||
|
Reptilia
|
||||||||||
|
Gavialosuchus americana
(Sellards 1915)
|
1 specimen | |||||||||
| synonym of Thecachampsa sericodon | ||||||||||
| CFM-1793 (jaw fragments), CFM-1792 (jaw fragment) and CFM-960, 972, 1774, 1912, 1913, 1916 & 1923 (osteoderms) | ||||||||||
|
Reptilia
- Testudines
- Emydidae
|
||||||||||
|
Emydinae indet.
Rafinesque 1815
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Reptilia
- Testudines
- Trionychidae
|
||||||||||
|
Apalone sp.
Rafinesque 1832
|
Laurito et al. 2005 | |||||||||
| CFM-1163-1166 and 1193, Five shell specimens | ||||||||||
|
Actinopteri
- Siluriformes
- Ariidae
|
||||||||||
|
Arius sp.
Cuvier and Valenciennes 1840
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Actinopteri
- Perciformes
- Sparidae
|
||||||||||
|
Sparus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Chondrichthyes
- Carcharhiniformes
- Hemigaleidae
|
||||||||||
|
Hemipristis serra
Agassiz 1835
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Chondrichthyes
- Carcharhiniformes
- Carcharhinidae
|
||||||||||
|
Isogomphodon acuarius
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Isogomphodon caunellensis
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Carcharhinus longimanus
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Carcharhinus priscus
Agassiz 1843
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Chondrichthyes
- Carcharhiniformes
- Sphyrnidae
|
||||||||||
|
Sphyrna arambourgi
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Chondrichthyes
- Lamniformes
- Lamnidae
|
||||||||||
|
Isurus desorii
(Agassiz 1843)
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
| synonym of Isurus oxyrinchus | ||||||||||
|
Chondrichthyes
- Myliobatiformes
- Aetobatidae
|
||||||||||
|
Aetobatus arcuatus
(Agassiz 1843)
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
| synonym of Aetobatus irregularis | ||||||||||
|
Chondrichthyes
- Myliobatiformes
- Dasyatidae
|
||||||||||
|
Dasyatis cavernosa
Probst 1877
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Chondrichthyes
- Myliobatiformes
- Myliobatidae
|
||||||||||
|
Rhinoptera sp.
Cuvier 1829
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
|
Myliobatis sp.
Cuvier 1816
|
Laurito and Valerio 2012 | |||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | Costa Rica | State/province: | Puntarenas |
| Coordinates: | 8.9° North, 83.1° West (view map) | ||
| Paleocoordinates: | 8.9° North, 83.1° West | ||
| Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||
| Geographic resolution: | small collection |
Time
| Period: | Neogene |
| 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
| Key time interval: | Hemphillian |
| Age range of interval: | 9.40000 - 4.70000 m.y. ago |
| Age estimate: | maximum 5.8 ± 0.6 Ma (Sr isotope) |
Stratigraphy
| Formation: | Curré | ||||
| Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: Age: Late Hemphillian (Hh3) (Late Miocene), Curré Formation, San Gerardo de Limoncito, Costa Rica. 87Sr/86Sr 5.80 Ma +/- 0.60/-0.80
The rock unit that contains the fossiliferous remains corresponds to the Curré Formation. Henningsen (1965) defines this formation as a series of tuffaceous sandstones with intercalations of conglomerates, siltstones and occasionally shales, dark green and brownish green when altered. Mora (1979), describes two subunits according to their sedimentological characteris- tics: The subunit of volcaniclastic conglomerates of gray-green color, overlain by shales that settled in a transitional environ- ment between delta and beach. The subunit of black shales, interspersed with strata of sandstones and fine conglomerates, was deposited in a paralic environment of estuary or swamp type. They are very chloritized and basically consist of subvolcanic products. The paleontological material recovered is housed at the Geology Section of the Natural History Department at The National Museum of Costa Rica, and comes from a level of fine conglomerate that is located towards the roof of a sequence of blue clays, which in turn is overlain by a sequence of medium to fine sandstones, which confirms its association with the superior subunit or subunit of shales (sensu Mora, 1979). Granados and Aguilar (1983), based on the presence of molluscs, obtained a Middle-Late Miocene age for the Curré Formation. | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | conglomerate |
| Lithology description: Subaquatic fan delta: The lithofacies of conglomerates is what characterizes this depositional environment and is composed of blue clay intraclasts, coming from the lower level which it overlies at an erosional discordance. The clasts have diameters that vary between 5 and 13 cm; they are well rounded, little or not spherical; some have point contact, but 90% of them float in a matrix of glauconitic clay. The clasts are arranged with their long axis parallel to the layer of stratification, and it is possible to observe some degree of imbrication. In this sequence are frequent bone and dental remains of various vertebrates, both terrestrial and marine. The Trypanites ichnofacies, in this case, is inferred indirectly from the blue clay intraclasts that are usually perforated by bivalves of the family Pholadidae, from which it is still possible to find remains of the valves within the fossil traces of Gastrochaenolites sp. | |
| Environment: | deltaic indet. |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
| Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
Metadata
| Database number: | 144596 | ||
| Authorizer: | P. Mannion, C. Jaramillo, E. Vlachos | Enterer: | P. Mannion, G. Varnham, E. Vlachos, J. Carrillo, M. Kouvari |
| Modifier: | G. Varnham | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2013-05-13 23:56:42 | Last modified: | 2022-03-15 10:25:38 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2013-05-13 23:56:42 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 46789. | C. A. Laurito and A. L. Valerio. 2008. The first record of Gavialosuchus americanus Sellards (1915)† (Eusuchia: Crocodylidae, Tomistominae) for the Late Tertiary of Costa Rica and Central America. Revista Geológica de América Central 39:107-115 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion] |
Secondary references:
| 64966 | C. A. Laurito and A. L. Valerio. 2010. Los caballos fósiles de la Formación Curré, Cantón de Coto Brus, Costa Rica. 1-131 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo] | |
| 64950 | C. A. Laurito and A. L. Valerio. 2012. Paleobiogeografía del arribo de mamíferos suramericanos al sur de América Central de previo al Gran Intercambio Biótico Americano: un vistazo al GABI en América Central. Revista Geológica de América Central 46:123-144 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo] | |
| 64951 | C. A. Laurito and A. L. Valerio. 2012. Primer registro fósil de Pliometanastes sp. (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Megalonychidae) para el Mioceno superior de Costa Rica, América Central. Una nueva pista en la compresión del pre-GABI. Revista Geológica de América Central 47:95-108 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo] | |
| 64952 | C. A. Laurito and A. L. Valerio. 2013. Scirrotherium antelucanus, una nueva especie de Pampatheriidae (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Cingulata) del Mioceno superior de Costa Rica, América Central. Revista Geológica de América Central 49:45-62 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo] | |
| 64965 | C. A. Laurito and A. L. Valerio. 2016. Camellos Laminos del Mioceno tardío (Henfiliano temprano) de la Formación Curré, San Gerardo de Limoncito, Cantón de Coto Brus, Provincia de Puntarenas, Costa Rica. Revista Geológica de América Central 54:7-55 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo] | |
| 64124 | C. M. Laurito, A. L. Valerio, L. D. Gomez, J. I. Mead, E. A. Perez and L. G. Perez. 2005. A Trionychidae (Reptilia: Testudines, Cryptodira) from the Pliocene of Costa Rica, Southern Central America. Revista Geologica de America Central 32:7-11 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos] | |
| 73190 | A. D. Rincón, A. L. Valerio, and C. Laurito. 2020. First fossil record of a Megatheriidae-Megatheriinae in the Early Hemphillian (Late Miocene) from San Gerardo de Limoncito, Curré Formation, Costa Rica. Revista Geológica de América Central 62:1-24 [P. Mannion/M. Kouvari] | |
| 64931 | A. L. Valerio and C. A. Laurito. 2008. Dental remains of immature individuals of Rhynchotherium blicki (Frick 1933) of San Gerardo de Limoncito, Coto, Brus, Costa Rica. Revista Geológica de América Central 39:87-91 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo] | |
| 73192 | A. L. Valerio and C. A. Laurito. 2014. Nueva evidencia de un estadio juvenil de Pliometanastes protistus y su relación con ?Pliometanastes galushai Hirschfeld & Webb, 1968 (Xernarthra, Megalonychidae) para el Mioceno Superior de Costa Rica. Revista Geológica de América Central 51:159-163 [P. Mannion/M. Kouvari] | |
| 73193 | A. L. Valerio and C. A. Laurito. 2020. Primer registro de pecaríes fósiles (Artiodactyla, Tayassuidae) para el Mioceno Superior (Hh3: Hemphilliano tardío) de Costa Rica, América. Revista Geológica de América Central 62:25-47 [P. Mannion/M. Kouvari] | |
| 80759 | A. L. Valerio, C. Laurito, H. G. McDonald and A. D. Rincón. 2022. Megalonychid Sloths from the Early Late Hemphillian (Late Miocene), Curré Formation, San Gerardo de Limoncito, Costa Rica. Revista Geológica de América Central 66:1-15 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham] |